1,366,836 research outputs found
Simula Research Laboratory: A bibliometric analysis of the publication output
No full textThis report presents a bibliometric analysis of Simula Research Laboratory. The report is an update of a similar analysis carried out in 2016
Simula Research Laboratory: A bibliometric analysis of the publication output
No full textThis report presents a bibliometric analysis of Simula Research Laboratory. The report is an update of a similar analysis carried out in 2016
Simula Research Laboratory: Publication analysis 2009-2015
No full textThis report presents a bibliometric analysis of Simula Research Laboratory and is a background report for the forthcoming evaluation of the institute
Simula Research Laboratory: Publication analysis 2009-2015
No full textThis report presents a bibliometric analysis of Simula Research Laboratory and is a background report for the forthcoming evaluation of the institute
Dal Capitale sociale alla Risorsa Civica: da un analisi critica a una nuova proposta
No full textThe research was born from the need to explain the contribution of the researches and the empirical experiences, regarding the social capital, in the town-planning field. They defined a practical and methodological tool for the intervention in the urban ambit both concerning the design (urban but also public policies design) and the management of local urban phenomena.
Within this study the social capital is considered as a subset of the often abused abstraction
of Urban Life Quality. After demonstrating the relation between social capital and urban regeneration/requalification the next step is to explain how this contributes to the creation of public development (both in a qualitative and quantitative sense). The research proceeds with the analysis of the definitions given to “social capital” by the various disciplines (political science, economics and sociology) in order to underline the multiform genesis which has been caused and highlighting, moreover, the great presence of contradictions between disciplines and authors.
After ascertaining that the concept of social capital results worn-out and not much usable in the urban field, there is the proposal of a new concept such as that of “Risorsa Civica” (Town Resource). As it deepens its roots in the original conception of “social capital” and recovers its function, the “Risorsa Civica” places the social capital in a revised role of the town and of its organization and equipment
The birth of Simula
No full textImpagliazzo, Arne Sølvberg. Abstract. When designing Simula, Ole-Johan Dahl and Kristen Nygaard introduced the basic concepts of what later became known as object-orientation, which still, 35 years later, has a profound impact on computing. This paper looks at the background for the Simula project, how it developed over time, and why it could be so successful. Keywords: History of programming languages, Simula
The carboxyterminal peptide of chorionic gonadotropin facilitates activation of the marmoset LH receptor
No full textLuteinizing hormone (LH) and chorionic gonadotropin (CG) are heterodimeric glycoprotein hormones acting on the luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR). In the LHR, which is genomically encoded by eleven exons, exon 10 encodes for the hinge region and its elimination impairs LH action, while CG maintains normal activity. The two gonadotropins differ in the carboxyterminal peptide (CTP) present in CG but absent in LH. Since the marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus) LHR naturally lacks exon 10 (LHR type II), we generated two recombinant marmoset gonadotropin preparations, one consisting of the wild type CG and one of truncated CG lacking the CTP (CG (-CTP)). After calibration in a mouse Leydig cell bioassay against the WHO LH80/522 standard, the ED (50) of the CG preparation on a COS7 cell line permanently expressing the marmoset LHR was 4.25 +/- 0.21 IU/L (n = 3). Stimulation of the COS7 cell line with equipotent concentrations of CG and CG (-CTP) resulted in significantly different formation of cAMP (two-way ANOVA, p < 0.001). In particular, cAMP production stimulated by CG (-CTP) was 3 - 4 times lower compared to CG at the saturating CG concentration (8 IU/L). We conclude, supplementing one current model of LHR activation, that exon 10 might play a permissive role in releasing the constraint of the receptor upon hormone binding, resulting in receptor activation. We speculate that, when exon 10 is lacking, the CTP can overcome its absence and facilitates the opening of the receptor, resulting in normal activation.T. Müller, J. Gromoll, A. P. Simula, R. Norman, R. Sandhowe-Klaverkamp, M. Simon
Masses, decay constants and HQE matrix elements of pseudoscalar and vector heavy-light mesons in LQCD
No full textWe present a precise lattice computation of masses and decay constants of pseudoscalar and vector heavy-light mesons with m l = m u/d, m s and m h in the range (m c, ∼ 3m c). We employ the ETMC gauge configurations with both N f = 2 and N f = 2 + 1 + 1 dynamical quarks and the ETMC ratio method to reach the b-quark mass. In the case of the vector decay constants an unusual quenching effect of the strange quark is observed. Specific masses combinations are then analyzed in terms of the Heavy Quark Expansion (HQE) to extract matrix elements up to dimension-6, including , and and with a good precision. These parameters play a crucial role in the inclusive determination of the V ub and V cb matrix elements
Trust your back : classification-based care for low back pain in primary care
No full textAbstract
Low back pain (LBP), mostly a non-specific symptom, is a leading cause of years lived with disability: multiple biological, psychological, social and lifestyle factors lead to pain-related disability and use of healthcare. Evidence-based care for LBP comprises active treatments that address biopsychosocial factors and focus on improving functioning, self-management, education, and advice to stay active, also at work. The STarT Back Tool (SBT) and the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire Short Form (ÖMPSQ-SF) were created to enable easy and systematic identification of predictive psychosocial and symptom-related factors. The patient education booklet was designed to support evidence-based care and reduce inappropriate imaging.
The study aim was to evaluate the concordance of the SBT and ÖMPSQ-SF and the accumulation of psychiatric, psychological, lifestyle, and social risk factors in the high-risk groups of both questionnaires among population with LBP. We also aimed to translate and validate the patient education booklet. We separately assessed the effectiveness of the patient education booklet and the classification-based approach to LBP care in primary care and compared it to that of usual care.
SBT and ÖMPSQ-SF were compared in a population-based study using the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. The preliminary evaluation of the patient education booklet was obtained using web-based questionnaires. A cluster randomised study evaluated the effectiveness of the patient education booklet, and a Benchmarking Controlled Trial evaluated the effectiveness of a classification-based approach to LBP care in primary care.
Individual psychological and social risk factors accumulated among the high-risk groups of the SBT and the ÖMPSQ-SF. The education booklet helped patients understand their pain, encouraged them to be physically active, decreased imaging and the number of LBP-related sick leave days. Although classification-based care did not seem to influence physical functioning in the long term, pain was alleviated more quickly, and the use of healthcare services and number of back-related sick leave days decreased in the intervention group.
A combination of education for healthcare professionals, classification-based care using the SBT, and systematic use of the patient education booklet seems to bring value to LBP care in primary healthcare. Original papers Simula, A. S., Ruokolainen, O., Oura, P., Lausmaa, M., Holopainen, R., Paukkunen, M., Auvinen, J., Linton, S. J., Hill, J. C., & Karppinen, J. (2020). Association of STarT Back Tool and the short form of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire with multidimensional risk factors. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 290. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57105-3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57105-3 Self-archived version Simula, A. S., Jenkins, H. J., Holopainen, R., Oura, P., Korniloff, K., Häkkinen, A., Takala, E.-P., Hancock, M. J., & Karppinen, J. (2019). Transcultural adaption and preliminary evaluation of “understanding low back pain” patient education booklet. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 1010. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4854-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4854-y Self-archived version Simula, A. S., Jenkins, H. J., Hancock, M. J., Malmivaara, A., Booth, N., & Karppinen, J. (2021). Patient education booklet to support evidence-based low back pain care in primary care – a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Family Practice, 22(1), 178. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01529-2 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01529-2 Self-archived version Simula, A. S., Malmivaara, A., Booth, N., & Karppinen, J. (2020). A classification-based approach to low back pain in primary care – protocol for a benchmarking controlled trial. BMC Family Practice, 21(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-020-01135-8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-020-01135-8 Self-archived version Simula, A. S., Malmivaara, A., Booth, N., & Karppinen, J. (2024). Effectiveness of a classification-based approach to low back pain in primary care – a benchmarking controlled trial. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 56, jrm28321. https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v56.28321 https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v56.28321 Self-archived version Tiivistelmä
Alaselkäkipu on yleisin haittaa aiheuttava vaiva, enimmäkseen epäspesifi oire, jossa monet biologiset, psykologiset, sosiaaliset ja elintapatekijät vaikuttavat kipuun liittyvään haittaan ja terveyspalveluiden käyttöön. Näyttöön perustuva alaselkäkivun hoito on aktiivista ja huomioi biopsykososiaaliset tekijät. Hoidon keskiössä on toimintakyvyn parantaminen, omahoito, ohjaus ja neuvonta sekä ohje pysyä aktiivisena työ mukaan lukien. STarT-selkäkysely (SBT) ja Örebro-kipukysely (ÖMPSQ-SF) on kehitetty auttamaan ennustavien psykososiaalisten ja oireeseen liittyvien tekijöiden tunnistamisessa. Uusi potilasopas on kehitetty tukemaan näyttöön perustuvaa hoitoa ja vähentämään tarpeetonta kuvantamista.
Tavoitteemme oli arvioida SBT ja ÖMPSQ-SF yhdenmukaisuutta sekä psykiatristen, psykologisten, elintapaan liittyvien ja sosiaalisten riskitekijöiden kasautumista molempien kyselyiden korkeaan riskiryhmään alaselkäkipuisessa väestössä. Tavoitteena oli myös kääntää ja validoida uusi potilasopas suomeksi. Lisäksi arvioimme erikseen potilasoppaan vaikuttavuutta ja luokitteluun perustuvan hoitomallin vaikuttavuutta alaselkäkipupotilaiden hoidossa perusterveydenhuollossa.
SBT ja ÖMPSQ-SF vertailtiin väestöaineistossa käyttäen Pohjois-Suomen syntymäkohortti 1966 aineistoa. Alustava arvio potilasoppaasta tehtiin nettikyselyillä. Ryvässatunnaistetussa asetelmassa tutkittiin potilasoppaan vaikuttavuutta ja vertaiskontrolloidussa asetelmassa luokitteluun perustuvan hoitomallin jalkauttamisen vaikuttavuutta alaselkäkivun hoidossa perusterveydenhuollossa.
Yksilölliset psykologiset ja sosiaaliset riskitekijät kasautuivat SBT ja ÖMPSQ-SF korkean riskin ryhmiin. Potilasopas auttoi potilaita ymmärtämään heidän kipuansa, rohkaisi heitä olemaan fyysisesti aktiivisia ja vähensi alaselän kuvantamistutkimuksia sekä sairauslomapäiviä. Vaikka luokitteluun perustuva hoitomalli ei vaikuttanut fyysiseen toimintakykyyn pitkällä aikavälillä, kipuoireet näyttivät paranevan nopeammin, terveyspalvelujen käyttö oli vähäisempää ja selkäkipuun liittyvien sairaslomapäivien määrä oli pienempi interventioryhmässä.
Yhdessä terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten koulutus, luokitteluun perustuva alaselkäkipupotilaiden hoito STarT-selkäkyselyä käyttäen ja systemaattinen potilasoppaan käyttö näytti edistävän alaselkäkipupotilaiden hoitoa perusterveydenhuollossa. Osajulkaisut Simula, A. S., Ruokolainen, O., Oura, P., Lausmaa, M., Holopainen, R., Paukkunen, M., Auvinen, J., Linton, S. J., Hill, J. C., & Karppinen, J. (2020). Association of STarT Back Tool and the short form of the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire with multidimensional risk factors. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 290. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57105-3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57105-3 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Simula, A. S., Jenkins, H. J., Holopainen, R., Oura, P., Korniloff, K., Häkkinen, A., Takala, E.-P., Hancock, M. J., & Karppinen, J. (2019). Transcultural adaption and preliminary evaluation of “understanding low back pain” patient education booklet. BMC Health Services Research, 19(1), 1010. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4854-y https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4854-y Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Simula, A. S., Jenkins, H. J., Hancock, M. J., Malmivaara, A., Booth, N., & Karppinen, J. (2021). Patient education booklet to support evidence-based low back pain care in primary care – a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Family Practice, 22(1), 178. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01529-2 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-021-01529-2 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Simula, A. S., Malmivaara, A., Booth, N., & Karppinen, J. (2020). A classification-based approach to low back pain in primary care – protocol for a benchmarking controlled trial. BMC Family Practice, 21(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-020-01135-8 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-020-01135-8 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Simula, A. S., Malmivaara, A., Booth, N., & Karppinen, J. (2024). Effectiveness of a classification-based approach to low back pain in primary care – a benchmarking controlled trial. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 56, jrm28321. https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v56.28321 https://doi.org/10.2340/jrm.v56.28321 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Academic dissertation to be presented with the assent of the Doctoral Programme Committee of Health and Biosciences of the University of Oulu for public defence in MKS Auditorium (Mikkeli), on 13 December 2024, at 12 noonAbstract
Low back pain (LBP), mostly a non-specific symptom, is a leading cause of years lived with disability: multiple biological, psychological, social and lifestyle factors lead to pain-related disability and use of healthcare. Evidence-based care for LBP comprises active treatments that address biopsychosocial factors and focus on improving functioning, self-management, education, and advice to stay active, also at work. The STarT Back Tool (SBT) and the Örebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire Short Form (ÖMPSQ-SF) were created to enable easy and systematic identification of predictive psychosocial and symptom-related factors. The patient education booklet was designed to support evidence-based care and reduce inappropriate imaging.
The study aim was to evaluate the concordance of the SBT and ÖMPSQ-SF and the accumulation of psychiatric, psychological, lifestyle, and social risk factors in the high-risk groups of both questionnaires among population with LBP. We also aimed to translate and validate the patient education booklet. We separately assessed the effectiveness of the patient education booklet and the classification-based approach to LBP care in primary care and compared it to that of usual care.
SBT and ÖMPSQ-SF were compared in a population-based study using the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. The preliminary evaluation of the patient education booklet was obtained using web-based questionnaires. A cluster randomised study evaluated the effectiveness of the patient education booklet, and a Benchmarking Controlled Trial evaluated the effectiveness of a classification-based approach to LBP care in primary care.
Individual psychological and social risk factors accumulated among the high-risk groups of the SBT and the ÖMPSQ-SF. The education booklet helped patients understand their pain, encouraged them to be physically active, decreased imaging and the number of LBP-related sick leave days. Although classification-based care did not seem to influence physical functioning in the long term, pain was alleviated more quickly, and the use of healthcare services and number of back-related sick leave days decreased in the intervention group.
A combination of education for healthcare professionals, classification-based care using the SBT, and systematic use of the patient education booklet seems to bring value to LBP care in primary healthcare.Tiivistelmä
Alaselkäkipu on yleisin haittaa aiheuttava vaiva, enimmäkseen epäspesifi oire, jossa monet biologiset, psykologiset, sosiaaliset ja elintapatekijät vaikuttavat kipuun liittyvään haittaan ja terveyspalveluiden käyttöön. Näyttöön perustuva alaselkäkivun hoito on aktiivista ja huomioi biopsykososiaaliset tekijät. Hoidon keskiössä on toimintakyvyn parantaminen, omahoito, ohjaus ja neuvonta sekä ohje pysyä aktiivisena työ mukaan lukien. STarT-selkäkysely (SBT) ja Örebro-kipukysely (ÖMPSQ-SF) on kehitetty auttamaan ennustavien psykososiaalisten ja oireeseen liittyvien tekijöiden tunnistamisessa. Uusi potilasopas on kehitetty tukemaan näyttöön perustuvaa hoitoa ja vähentämään tarpeetonta kuvantamista.
Tavoitteemme oli arvioida SBT ja ÖMPSQ-SF yhdenmukaisuutta sekä psykiatristen, psykologisten, elintapaan liittyvien ja sosiaalisten riskitekijöiden kasautumista molempien kyselyiden korkeaan riskiryhmään alaselkäkipuisessa väestössä. Tavoitteena oli myös kääntää ja validoida uusi potilasopas suomeksi. Lisäksi arvioimme erikseen potilasoppaan vaikuttavuutta ja luokitteluun perustuvan hoitomallin vaikuttavuutta alaselkäkipupotilaiden hoidossa perusterveydenhuollossa.
SBT ja ÖMPSQ-SF vertailtiin väestöaineistossa käyttäen Pohjois-Suomen syntymäkohortti 1966 aineistoa. Alustava arvio potilasoppaasta tehtiin nettikyselyillä. Ryvässatunnaistetussa asetelmassa tutkittiin potilasoppaan vaikuttavuutta ja vertaiskontrolloidussa asetelmassa luokitteluun perustuvan hoitomallin jalkauttamisen vaikuttavuutta alaselkäkivun hoidossa perusterveydenhuollossa.
Yksilölliset psykologiset ja sosiaaliset riskitekijät kasautuivat SBT ja ÖMPSQ-SF korkean riskin ryhmiin. Potilasopas auttoi potilaita ymmärtämään heidän kipuansa, rohkaisi heitä olemaan fyysisesti aktiivisia ja vähensi alaselän kuvantamistutkimuksia sekä sairauslomapäiviä. Vaikka luokitteluun perustuva hoitomalli ei vaikuttanut fyysiseen toimintakykyyn pitkällä aikavälillä, kipuoireet näyttivät paranevan nopeammin, terveyspalvelujen käyttö oli vähäisempää ja selkäkipuun liittyvien sairaslomapäivien määrä oli pienempi interventioryhmässä.
Yhdessä terveydenhuollon ammattilaisten koulutus, luokitteluun perustuva alaselkäkipupotilaiden hoito STarT-selkäkyselyä käyttäen ja systemaattinen potilasoppaan käyttö näytti edistävän alaselkäkipupotilaiden hoitoa perusterveydenhuollossa
Electromagnetic Form Factor of the Pion from Twisted-mass Lattice QCD at Nf=2
No full textWe present a lattice calculation of the electromagnetic form factor of the pion obtained using the tree-level Symanzik improved gauge action with two flavors of dynamical twisted Wilson quarks. The simulated pion masses range approximately from 260 to 580 MeV, and the lattice box sizes are chosen in order to guarantee that Mpi*L>~4. Accurate results for the form factor are obtained using all-to-all quark propagators evaluated by a stochastic procedure. The momentum dependence of the pion form factor is investigated up to values of the squared four-momentum transfer Q^2~=0.8 GeV^2 and, thanks to the use of twisted boundary conditions, down to Q^2~=0.05 GeV^2. Volume and discretization effects on the form factor appear to be within the statistical errors. Our results for the pion mass, decay constant and form factor are analyzed using (continuum) chiral perturbation theory at next-to-next-to-leading order. The extrapolated value of the pion charge radius is <r2>_phys=0.456±0.030(stat)±0.024(syst) in nice agreement with the experimental result. The extrapolated values of the pion form factor agree very well with the experimental data up to Q^2~=0.8 GeV^2 within uncertainties which become competitive with the experimental errors for Q^2>~0.3 GeV^2. The relevant low-energy constants appearing in the chiral expansion of the pion form factor are extracted from our lattice data, which come essentially from a single lattice spacing, adding the experimental value of the pion scalar radius in the fitting procedure. Our findings are in nice agreement with the available results of chiral perturbation theory analyses of pi-pi scattering data as well as with other analyses of our collaboration
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