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Caritas: civil society organization implementing human rights
No full textEstima-se o crescente número de descolocados no mundo em decorrência do grave
temor de perseguição, por guerras e conflitos. Só no Brasil, nos últimos 8 anos, foram
mais de 60 mil pessoas buscando o reconhecimento da condição de refugiado. Outro
dado importante é que atualmente há 820 mil entidades que compõem as
organizações da sociedade civil, chamadas de entidades do Terceiro Setor. Com isto,
observamos que o Centro de Referência para Refugiados da Caritas chega a atender,
em média, de dois mil a três mil pessoas forçadas a se deslocarem. Percebe-se que
esta entidade configurada como organismo da Igreja Católica, na cidade de São
Paulo, é uma entidade da sociedade civil, sendo reconhecida como Organização da
Sociedade Civil que atende às demandas dessas pessoas que são obrigadas a migrar.
Sendo assim, esta investigação tem como objetivo buscar desenvolver a observação
da realidade da Caritas. Buscou-se construir um caminho reflexivo, analítico e
descritivo destas atividades, o enquadramento jurídico como associação sem fins
lucrativos, passando pelas certificações existentes e parcerias. Por fim, buscou-se
compreender os conceitos de sociedade civil, direitos humanos, o direito ao refúgio e
a efetividade do direito. A metodologia aplicada para o desenvolvimento do trabalho
contou com as técnicas de coleta de dados mediante pesquisa documental.
Constatou-se que a própria palavra Caritas carrega consigo o animus caritativo para
o exercício das atividades da entidade. As pesquisas revelaram que o Centro de
Referência nada mais é que um local de apoio, onde os solicitantes de refúgio e
refugiados procuram obter serviços como orientação jurídica, assistência à saúde e
cuidados básicos, e a sua integração, por meio da educação e do trabalho. Também
se comprovou que em decorrência disto ela pôde auxiliar na internalização da
Convenção da ONU relativa ao Estatuto dos Refugiados de 1951, ocasionando a
criação do Estatuto do Refugiado no Brasil (Lei 9.474/97) e sua participação no
CONARE. Ademais, por meio do convênio celebrado com o ACNUR, as atividades da
instituição se concentram nas frentes de trabalho da proteção, assistência e
integração. Também, por meio dos documentos jurídicos e demais documentos
disponíveis para a pesquisa, constatou-se que ela é uma Associação sem fins
lucrativos e que promove a assistência social, podendo ser enquadrada como
entidade pertencente ao Terceiro Setor, atualmente reconhecida como Organização
da Sociedade Civil, por exercer o direito à liberdade de associação. Percebeu-se,
ainda, que o Terceiro Setor pode ser compreendido como objeto de estudo dos
Direitos Difusos e Coletivos. Por fim, concluiu-se que estas entidades são novas
arenas da democracia e fonte de efetividade dos direitos, e que a Caritas, por meio
do Centro de Referência para o Refugiado, efetiva Direitos Humanos, nas
perspectivas da proteção, assistência e integração, áreas de fortes atuações dos seus
agentes que acolhem orientam e auxiliam as pessoas que batem a sua porta em busca
de manterem-se vivas e seguir adiante em um novo lugar, qual seja, a cidade de São
PauloThe increasing number of displaced people in the world is estimated due to the severe
fear of persecution, through war and conflict. In Brazil alone, for the last 8 years, there
were more than 60,000 people seeking a refugee status. Another important figure is
that, currently, there are 820,000 entities, which compose civil society organizations,
called third sector organizations. Given that, it can also be observed that the Reference
Center for Refugees of Caritas Arquidiocesana de São Paulo can assist, on average,
from 2,000 to 3,000 people forced to move. This entity, being an organism of the
Catholic Church, in the city of São Paulo, is a civil society entity, being recognized as
a Civil Society Organization, which responds to the requests of these people who are
required to migrate. Therefore, this investigation has as its objective to develop the
observation of the reality in ‘Caritas’. The study sought to construct a reflective,
analytical and descriptive path for these activities, as well as the legal framework as a
non-profit association, going through existing certifications and partnerships. Finally, it
has sought to understand the concepts of civil society, human rights, the right to refuge
and the effectiveness of the Law. The methodology applied to the development of this
work was based on data collection techniques through documentary research. It has
been found that the word ‘Caritas’ itself is provided with the charitable animus for
exercising the entity activities. Researches revealed that the Reference Center is
simply a support place, where asylum seekers and refugees seek services such as
legal guidance, healthcare and basic care, as well as their integration, through
education and work. It was also proved that, as a result, the center could contribute to
the internalization of the United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
in 1951, causing the creation of the Brazilian Refugee Act (Law 9,474 of 1997) and the
country’s participation in NCFR. In addition, through the agreement reached with
UNHCR, the institution's activities are concentrated in the working areas of protection,
assistance and integration. Also, through legal documents and other available
documents for the research, it can be concluded that ‘Caritas’ is a non-profit
association which promotes social assistance, being characterized as a third sector
entity, currently recognized as a civil society organization, by exercising the right to
freedom of association. Moreover, the third sector can be seen as an object of study
of Diffuse and Collective Rights. Finally, it has also been found that these type of
entities are new democracy arenas and a source of effectiveness of rights. Caritas,
through the Reference Center for Refugees, implements human rights, in the
perspective of protection, assistance and integration; areas of strong implementation
of its agents who welcome, guide and assist people who seek survival and hope to
move on to a new place, in the city of São PauloCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPE
Process of construction of the right to a dignified life: interactive complexity of constitutional norms related to the reduction of social inequalities, material equality and social justice
No full textA desigualdade social afeta diretamente o convívio social, principalmente, as relações humanas em todas as partes do mundo. Ela é reproduzida de várias maneiras, seja na situação na qual uns ganham mais do que outros, seja naquela reveladora de que uns podem se alimentar adequadamente, outros não. Todavia, na seara jurídica, a desigualdade social é face de outra moeda, conhecida por igualdade material, relacionada à vida das pessoas em sociedade, a qual perpassa toda compreensão sobre justiça social. Esta tese estuda a relação existente entre direito e desigualdade social, nos contextos do direito como lei e como decisão judicial, e do direito presente no texto da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil. Ao se valer do método da teoria emergente e do pensamento da complexidade, a pesquisa avança e ultrapassa a seara da pergunta inicialmente proposta: O direito como lei e como decisão judicial reduz a desigualdade social? Resta averiguar a existência de dispositivos constitucionais sobre a redução constitucional, leis e julgados que extrapolam os trabalhos científicos sobre o tema. A partir do método de revisão bibliográfica e documental certifica-se a inexistência de pesquisa científica abrangente unicamente do objeto central desta tese. Por derradeiro, para justificar a peculiaridade da investigação, registra-se que, apesar da constatação de inúmeros estudos doutrinários e documentais sobre o tema da desigualdade social, não foram localizados estudos especificamente sobre a conexão e a interação dos temas “desigualdade social, igualdade material e justiça social”, na busca da concretização da vida digna a todosSocial inequality directly affects all social life and especially human relations in all parts of the world, and inequality is reproduced in various ways, from the situation in which some earn more than others, to the one that reveals that some can eat properly and others cannot. However, in the legal field, social inequality is another face of the coin, known as material equality, related to the life of people in society, which, in the sequence, permeates all understanding of social justice. This research studies the relationship between law and social inequality, in the contexts: of the Law as law and as a judicial decision, and of the law which is present in the text of the current Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil. By making use of the method of emerging theory and the thought of complexity, the research advances, managing to overcome the harvest of the question initially proposed to the research, namely: does the Law as a law and as a judicial decision reduce social inequality? It remains to be ascertained the existence of constitutional provisions on constitutional reduction, laws and judgments that extrapolate the scientific works on the subject. From the method of bibliographic and documentary review is certified the inexistence of comprehensive scientific research only of the central object of this thesis. Finally, to justify the peculiarity of the present investigation, it is recorded that, despite of the finding of numerous doctrinal and documentary studies on the theme of social inequality, no studies were found specifically on the connection and interaction of the themes "social inequality, material equality and social justice", in the search for the realization of a dignified life for allFundação São Paulo – FUNDAS
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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