2,476,593 research outputs found
Gender research strategy
No full textThe primary goal of SHiFT’s gender-responsive food system research is to support the achievement of the SHiFT initiative’s objectives through greater attention to gender issues (Table 1). A secondary goal is to ensure that SHiFT research does not exacerbate existing inequalities, and, where feasible, fosters positive change in women’s empowerment. If SHiFT and its partners were to ignore gender issues, the interventions or other solutions that they design and test would likely fail to address the needs of specific groups where inequality persists.Non-PRIFPRI1; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; G Cross-cutting gender them
Shift
Full text link1 box, contains 5 books and 3 folded cards. Each artist created a small book of identical dimensions to reflect her interpretation of the word SHIFT . Edition limited to 20 copies, numbered and signed by artists. Five books issued in drop-lid box, covered in grey fabric with paper title label and magnetic closure. CONTENTS 1825-1862-1918 (Shift) / K. Baldwin -- Shape shifting / Denise Bookwalter -- Shift in position / Sarah Bryant -- A shift in perspective / Macy Chadwick -- Redirecting shift / Tricia Treacy.https://digitalcommons.risd.edu/specialcollections_artistsbooks/1180/thumbnail.jp
Peak Shift in Remembering
No full textIf remembering is discriminative behaviour along the dimension of time and if, as Sargisson and White (2001) argued, generalisation around a peak can occur in this behaviour, then the peak shift which has been shown in discrimination along so many other stimulus dimensions, might also occur in remembering. To examine this hypothesis, 6 hens were trained in a delayed matching-to-sample procedure at delays of 2 and 4 s. The probability of reinforcement for correct responses was initially 0.9 at both delays until performance stabilised. A generalisation probe was then carried out by inserting unreinforced trials at delays of 0, 1, 1.5, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4.5, 5 and 6 s in a session amongst normal training delay trials. The generalisation functions had a slight peak around 2 s. After further training, a second generalisation probe showed a slightly declining function. The probability of reinforcement at the 2 s delay was then dropped to 0.1, so that in the terms of the classical generalisation/peak shift paradigm, 2-s delay trials became S- and 4-s delay trials became S+. A third generalisation probe then was conducted. This resulted in a flat function from 0 s to 3 s, and a large, clear peak in discriminative performance at 4.5 s over all hens. After more of the same differential reinforcement training, a fourth generalisation probe showed a broad curve peaking at 3 s, with minima at 1 s and 6 s and a global maximum at 0 s. Another training condition was then run, with the probability of reinforcement at the 2-s delay dropped to 0, to see if increasing the "aversiveness" of S- would again result in a peak shift. A fifth generalisation probe was then conducted. This showed a sharp decline in discriminability at shorter delays, a dip around 2 s, and a very small area shift beyond 4 s, but no clear peak shift. This was interpreted as being due to overlearning, with the consequences of remembering at S- no longer significantly affecting performance at S+. A final training condition was then run, with S- moved from 2 s to 3 s with zero probability of reinforcement, and for only a short period, to prevent overlearning. It was predicted that this would cause peak shift to re-occur. A sixth generalisation probe was then conducted. This found a further decline in discriminability at shorter delays, a shift in the dip from 2 s to 3 s, and a large, clear peak at 4.5 s. This demonstration of peak shift in a remembering process would not have been predicted by any traditional theory of memory, but strongly supports the conception of remembering as discriminative behaviour along the stimulus dimension of time
Shift work: An occupational health and safety hazard
Full text linkShift work is a major feature of modern work practices. It involves individuals working at times considered unconventional for most workers, such as at night. Although the community often benefits from such work practices, shift work can be hazardous, for both the workers and the community.
The thesis reviews the main problems of shift work, especially when involving night work. These are: an increased risk for accidents and errors; increased sleepiness and fatigue due to difficulties sleeping; increased health problems; and disruption to family and social life. Strategies to limit the risk associated with these hazards are also reviewed, and include using knowledge of circadian principles to plan shift schedules, sleeping schedules and meal times; planned napping; consideration of the work environment; and newer techniques such as using bright lights and melatonin.
While this information is known to the research community, it has not filtered down to many shift work workplaces and thus has had little if any positive effect on actual shift work practices. For a change in shift work practices to occur, the research knowledge must become available to every shift work workplace, as must some incentive or motivation to ensure that workplaces make the necessary changes.
The Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) laws provide such a framework. Considering shift work as an OHS hazard would ensure that all shift work workplaces identified the hazards of shift work, conducted a risk assessment to identify the risk associated with the hazards, and then implemented the appropriate strategies, from the hierarchy of shift work hazard control measures, for both employers and employees, to fulfil their duty of care to minimise the risks. Considering shift work as an OHS issue would ensure that the research information was used as intended - to improve the safety, performance, and quality of life of all shift workers. The present thesis reviews the shift work research and introduces an OHS perspective as a method to manage shift work effectively
Eastward shift of the Walker Circulation under global warming and its relationship to ENSO variability
No full textThis study investigates the global warming response of the Walker Circulation and the other zonal circulation cells (represented by the zonal stream function), in CMIP3 and CMIP5 climate models. The changes in the mean state are presented as well as the changes in the modes of variability. The mean zonal circulation weakens in the multi model ensembles nearly everywhere along the equator under both the RCP4.5 and SRES A1B scenarios. Over the Pacific the Walker Circulation also shows a significant eastward shift. These changes in the mean circulation are very similar to the leading mode of interannual variability in the tropical zonal circulation cells, which is dominated by El Niño Southern Oscillation variability. During an El Niño event the circulation weakens and the rising branch over the Maritime Continent shifts to the east in comparison to neutral conditions (vice versa for a La Niña event). Two-thirds of the global warming forced trend of the Walker Circulation can be explained by a long-term trend in this interannual variability pattern, i.e. a shift towards more El Niño-like conditions in the multi-model mean under global warming. Further, interannual variability in the zonal circulation exhibits an asymmetry between El Niño and La Niña events. El Niño anomalies are located more to the east compared with La Niña anomalies. Consistent with this asymmetry we find a shift to the east of the dominant mode of variability of zonal stream function under global warming. All these results vary among the individual models, but the multi model ensembles of CMIP3 and CMIP5 show in nearly all aspects very similar results, which underline the robustness of these results. The observed data (ERA Interim reanalysis) from 1979 to 2012 shows a westward shift and strengthening of the Walker Circulation. This is opposite to what the results in the CMIP models reveal. However, 75 % of the trend of the Walker Circulation can again be explained by a shift of the dominant mode of variability, but here towards more La Niña-like conditions. Thus in both climate change projections and observations the long-term trends of the Walker Circulation seem to follow to a large part the pre-existing dominant mode of internal variability
Weak function word shift
No full textThe fact that object shift only affects weak pronouns in mainland Scandinavian is seen as an instance of a more general observation that can be made in all Germanic languages: weak function words tend to avoid the edges of larger prosodic domains. This generalisation has been formulated within Optimality Theory in terms of alignment constraints on prosodic structure by Selkirk (1996) in explaining thedistribution of prosodically strong and weak forms of English functionwords, especially modal verbs, prepositions and pronouns. But a purely phonological account fails to integrate the syntactic licensing conditions for object shift in an appropriate way. The standard semantico-syntactic accounts of object shift, onthe other hand, fail to explain why it is only weak pronouns that undergo object shift. This paper develops an Optimality theoretic model of the syntax-phonology interface which is based on the interaction of syntactic and prosodic factors. The account can successfully be applied to further related phenomena in English and German
The shift team formation problem in multi-shift manufacturing operations
Full text linkThis paper addresses the problem of assigning operators to teams that work in single-, two-, or three-day shift systems. The problem was motivated by, and illustrated with a case situation encountered in Dutch manufacturing industry. The problem addressed forms an extension of cell formation problems which are currently in the phase of addressing labor-related issues in cell design. A generalized goal problem formulation is presented to address multiple, conflicting objectives covering cross-training of workers, ensuring adequate levels of labor flexibility and minimizing labor-related costs. The proposed solution procedure consists of two phases. In the first phase, shift systems, in which applicable machines and the sizes of each shift team are identified. The next phase deals with assignment of operators to various teams and identification of specific cross-training needs for various workers. This phase involves the use of interactive goal programming. The methodology is illustrated by details from the case situation as well as a numerical example.
2019 Senate Concurrent Resolution 73 - Shift Worker Protection Study Group Final Report
No full textThroughout the months of August 2018 through January of 2019, legislators from both Chambers,
representatives from the Retail and Hospitality industries, and members from the United
Commercial Food Workers Local 27 (UFCW Local 27) met on various occasions to study
Delaware’s current climate regarding shift work and shift worker scheduling practices
2019 Senate Concurrent Resolution 73 - Shift Worker Protection Study Group Final Report
No full textThroughout the months of August 2018 through January of 2019, legislators from both Chambers,
representatives from the Retail and Hospitality industries, and members from the United
Commercial Food Workers Local 27 (UFCW Local 27) met on various occasions to study
Delaware’s current climate regarding shift work and shift worker scheduling practices
Tapahtuman asiakaspolun suunnittelu : case SHIFT 2019
Full text linkTyön tavoitteena oli koota kattava tietopaketti tapahtuman asiakaspolkua suunnittelevalle ja esimerkkinä käytettiin SHIFT 2019 tapahtumaa. SHIFT on vuodesta 2016 lähtien toiminut turkulainen yritysfestivaali, jossa tuodaan yhteen eri alojen asiantuntijoita sekä yrityksiä ulkoilmafestivaalissa. Tapahtuma-alueella on lavoja erilaisia ohjelmia varten, yrityksien messupisteitä, musiikkia sekä erilaisia aktiviteetteja. Tapahtumapolkua suunnitellessa tulee huomioida turvallisuus, ihmisten perustarpeet, logistiikka sekä osallistujan kokonaiselämys tapahtumasta. Opinnäytetyö koostuu kaikista näistä osioista ja niitä sovelletaan SHIFT 2019 tapahtuman suunnittelun kautta.
Työn kirjoittaja työskenteli SHIFTin tuotantoryhmässä ja oli osa tapahtuman sekä asiakaspolun suunnittelemaa tiimiä. Opinnäytetyön inspiraatio tulee kyseisen työn kautta ja henkilökohtaisten kokemuksien avulla. Lisäksi lähdetietona käytetään alan kirjallisuutta sekä eri tahojen antamia ohjeistuksia.
Työn lopputuloksena on tapahtuman asiakaspolkua suunnittelevalle muistilista, jossa on yksinkertaisesti kuvattu tarvittavat edellytykset toimivaan kokonaisuuteen. Listauksessa on mainittu myös mahdolliset aikarajoitukset. Muistilista toimii yhdessä opinnäytetyön kanssa, sillä siinä on listattuna tarkemmin kaikki yksityiskohdat.Target for this thesis was to combine a knowledge package and checklist of designing a customer path in events. As an example the checklist was referred to SHIFT 2019 event. SHIFT is a business festival that has been held since 2016 in Turku. The main goal is to bring together experties from different fields in an outdoor festival. In the event area there were stages for different kind of program, stands for companies, music and many activities. With designing of the customer path you have to take in to consideration many things like - safety, basic human needs, logistics and the whole customer experience. This thesis is based on all of these things and these are applied through SHIFT 2019.
The writer of this thesis has worked as an production trainee and was a part of event production and designing the customer path. The inspiration for this thesis comes from the work at SHIFT and from personal experience. Additionally, information comes from literature.
The final result is a checklist for customer path designing. The list includes main points from several different fields. Checklist and thesis are linked together, so more information can be found in the thesis
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