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Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi Kompleks Dengan Menggunakan Flash Fiction Pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA PGRI Batu
Get PDFPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya permasalahan tidak maksimalnya proses pembelajaran dan hasil menulis teks eksplanasi kompleks. Atas dasar itu diadakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan menggunakan bahan otentik flash fiction. Teks flash fiction dapat membantu menggali kreatifitas siswa dalam menentukan tema dan topik pada saat mengarang teks eksplanasi kompleks. Teks flash fiction mampu menumbuhkan daya tarik siswa dalam menulis teks eksplanasi kompleks, pemilihan teks flash fiction yang tepat dan penggunaan bahasa yang mudah mampu membantu menyelesaikan semua kendala yang dihadapi siswa dalam penulisan teks eksplanasi kompleks dan membuat siswa menjadi kreatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan hasil pembelajaran siswa dengan menggunakan flash fiction sehingga dapat diketahui peningkatan kemampuan siswa dalam menulis teks eksplanasi kompleks. Subyek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMA PGRI Batu sebanyak 22 siswa. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan dalam 2 siklus. Di setiap siklus dilakukan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan refleksi. Dari hasil perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan refleksi pada siklus I tersebut, hasilnya masih belum memuaskan. Selanjutnya, dari hasil tindakan siklus I digunakan untuk penyempurnaan pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada tindakan siklus II. Dari siklus II menghasilkan hasil pembelajaran yang meningkat, ini berarti bahwa pembelajaran menulis teks eksplanasi kompleks dengan flash fiction dalam proses pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dapat menigkatkan kemampuan dalam menulis teks eksplanasi kompleks pada siswa kelas XI SMA PGRI Batu. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan meningkatnya hasil persentase pada hasil observasi guru dan siswa dan penilaian hasil pembelajaran dari siklus I ke siklus II
Karakterisasi genom kultivar pisang berdasarkan marka morfologi dan marka molekuler RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)
Get PDFINDONESIA:
Pisang merupakan tumbuhan monokotil yang ditemukan di lebih dari 120 negara. Pisang terdiri dari berbagai macam jenis dengan ciri morfologi yang berbeda-beda.Salah satu jenis pisang yang banyak dijumpai saat ini berasal dari kelompok genus Musa. Keanekaragaman pisang dari genus Musa banyak terpusat di wilayah Asia Tenggara yang memiliki lebih dari 80 kultivar pisang. Hal ini menimbulkan permasalahan tata nama kultivar pisang serta permasalahan identifikasi dan pengelompokan kultivar pisang berdasarkan ciri morfologi maupun genetik (genom) nya. Penelitian mengenai karakterisasi genom kultivar pisang menggunakan marka morfologi telah banyak dilakukan, namun hasil dari penelitian ini seringkali bersifat subjektif dan dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan dan fase pertumbuhan. Oleh karena itu perlu didukung dengan menggunakan pendekatan marka molekuleruntuk membedakan genotip individu intra maupun inter-spesies secara tepat yang nantinya dapat menunjang upaya pemuliaan kultivar pisang di kemudian hari. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan adanya klasifikasi genom kultivar pisang berdasarkan marka morfologi dan marka molekuler RAPD. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil karakterisasi genom kultivar pisang berdasarkan marka morfologi, marka molekuler RAPD, serta perbandingan antar keduanya.
Penelitian ini menggunakan 14 sampel kultivar pisang dari genom AA, AAA, AAB, ABB, dan BB. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif eksploratif kualitatif. Tahap penelitian yang dilakukan adalah uji kualitatif, kuantitatif dan amplifikasi menggunakan primer RAPD OPA 1-20. Data analisis yang digunakan adalah hasil skoring data, analisis kekuatan primer, dan analisis clustering (pengelompokan) berdasarkan marka morfologi dan marka molekuler RAPD.
Hasil analisis kekuatan primer memperlihatkan primer yang paling efisien digunakan untuk mengamplifikasi DNA kultivar pisang berdasarkan nilai PIC (Polymorphism Information Content) dan jumlah pita polimorfik yang terbentuk adalah primer OPA 7 dengan nilai PIC sebesar 0,5. Hasil skoring data berdasarkan marka morfologi dan marka molekuler akan digunakan dalam analisis clustering (pengelompokan). Hasil analisis morfologi menunjukkan ke 14 kultivar pisang belum dapat mengelompok dengan baik berdasarkan genomnya. Hal ini disebabkan oleh faktor lingkungan dan faktor subyektivitas peneliti. Sedangkan hasil clustering berdasarkan analisis PCR RAPD menunjukkan ke 14 kultivar pisang dapat mengelompok dengan baik berdasarkan genomnya (AA, AAA, AAB, ABB, dan BB). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwasannya marka molekuler RAPD sangat efisien digunakan untuk mengelompokkan kultivar pisang berdasarkan genomnya.
ENGLISH:
Bananas are monocot plants that can be found in more than 120 countries. Bananas consist of various types with different morphological characteristics. One type of banana that is often found today comes from the group of genus Musa. The diversity of bananas from the genus Musa are more concentrated in Southeast Asia which has more than 80 species of bananas. This creates some problems in nomenclature, identification and grouping of banana cultivars based on morphological and genetic characteristics (genome). Research on the genome characterization of banana cultivars using morphological markers has been carried out, but the results of this study are often subjective and are influenced by environmental factors and growth phases. Therefore it needs to be supported by using the molecular markers approach to distinguish genotypes of intra and inter-species individuals precisely which can later support efforts to breed banana cultivars in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to classify banana cultivar genomes based on morphological markers and RAPD molecular markers. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of the characterization of banana cultivar genomes based on morphological markers, RAPD molecular markers, as well as comparisons between both of them.
This study used 14 samples of banana cultivars from the different genomes AA, AAA, AAB, ABB, and BB . This type of research is descriptive explorativequalitative . The research phase is qualitative, quantitative and amplification tests using OPA RAPD primers 1-20. The analysis data that used are the results of data scoring, primary strength analysis,andclusteringanalysisbased on morphological markers and RAPD molecular markers .
The primary strength analysis results show that the most efficient primer is used to amplify banana cultivar DNA based on PIC (Polymorphism Information Content) value and the number of polymorphic bands formed is OPA 7 primer with a PIC value of 0.5. The results of data scoring based on morphological markers and molecular markers will be used in clustering analysis. Morphological analysis results showed the 14 banana cultivars have not been able to group properly based on their genomes. This is caused by environmental factors and the subjectivity of the researcher. While the results of clustering based on PCR RAPD analysis showed that 14 banana cultivars could group well based on their genomes (AA, AAA, AAB, ABB, and BB). This shows that RAPD molecular markers are very efficiently used to classify banana cultivars based on their genomes
Etnobotani Tumbuhan Liar sebagai Sumber Pangan di Dusun Mendiro, Kecamatan Wonosalam, Jombang
Get PDFMendiro Village is a small hamlet located in Wonosalam District, Jombang Regency. Indigenous villagers in Mendiro Village have a knowledge related to the use of wild plants as foods to fullfill life necessities. This study aims to determine the types, parts of plant organs, processing methods, and categories of utilization of wild plants in Mendiro Village, Wonosalam District, Jombang Regency. This research was conducted in March-May 2018. This study used a qualitative method with ethnobotany approach techniques through semistructured interviews and participatory observation. The results of the study found 43 species of wild plants that were used as food plants and belonging to the 26 families. The most widely used families were Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, and Poaceae. Plant parts that were widely used were leaves and fruits. The utilization of wild plants is conducted by directly consuming and by processing first. Wild plants are found in several places, such as forests, fields, yards, and on the roadside. The highest frequency of citation in this study that reached 100% are for pegagan (Centella asiatica), jelateng (Toxicodendron radicans), basil (Ocymum basilicum), simbukan (Paederia foetida), bayam banci (Amaranthus tricolor), mint leaves (Mentha piperita Linn), mbotem (Colocasia esculenta), suweg (Morphophallus campanulatus), and kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth).
Keywords: citation frequency, ethnobotany, food plants, mendir
ANALISIS PENAMBAHAN RECLOSER DENGAN SKENARIO PECAH SECTION PADA PENYULANG NGULING ULP GRATI
Get PDFThe flow of electrical energy has the potential to experience disturbances which are often caused by short circuit currents between phases or phase to ground short circuits. Maintenance improvements by PT PLN (Persero) Grati Customer Service Unit (ULP) need to be carried out by adding tools to inhibit the blackout process. One of the largest distribution of electrical energy at ULP Grati is the Nguling Feeder, with 24 disruptions occurring in 2023-2024. This interference can be reduced by adding a recloser to the Nroll Feeder. Apart from making additions, it is necessary to carry out an analysis of the determination or placement of the recloser on the Nguling Feeder with the aim of detecting disturbance conditions. Several scenarios can be applied to obtain optimal results by taking into account the selling kWh value, SAIDI SAIFI, and the number of blackout areas as an effort to minimize blackout areas. The broken section method can be a fairly accurate calculation in determining the SAIFI SAIDI value and saved selling kWh. The results of the research show that the use of a recloser and determining its configuration is very important to minimize the outage area. Before installing the recloser, the SAIDI percentage was 43% with an index of 20.76, while the SAIFI percentage was 11% with an index of 5.50. After installing the recloser based on the section rupture scenario, the SAIDI SAIFI percentage decreased, namely: SAIDI 36% with an index of 17.24 and SAIFI 10% with an index of 4.97. This shows that the SAIDI SAIFI target as an indicator for measuring the recloser on the Nguling Feeder is appropriate for determining system reliability.
Keywords: Broken Section, Recloser, Penyulang Nguling, SAIDI SAIFI
ABSTRAK
Aliran energi listrik memiliki potensi mengalami gangguan yang sering ditimbulkan oleh arus hubung singkat antar fase atau hubung singkat fase ke tanah. Adanya perbaikan pemeliharaan oleh PT PLN (Persero) Unit Layanan Pelanggan (ULP) Grati perlu dilakukan dengan menambah alat untuk menghambat proses pemadaman. Distribusi energi listrik terbesar pada ULP Grati salah satunya adalah Penyulang Nguling, dengan 24 kali terjadi gangguan pada tahun 2023-2024. Gangguan tersebut dapat dikurangi denngan menambahkan recloser pada Penyulang Nguling. Selain melakukan penambahan, perlu dilakukan analisis penentuan atau peletakan recloser pada Penyulang Nguling dengan tujuan mendeteksi kondisi gangguan. Beberapa skenario dapat diterapkan untuk mendapatkan hasil optimal dengan memperhatikan nilai kWh jual, SAIDI SAIFI, dan jumlah section area padam sebagai updaya meminimalkan area padam. Metode pecah section dapat menjadi salah satu perhitungan yang cukup akurat dalam menentukan nilai SAIDI SAIFI dan kWh jual yang terselamatkan. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwasannya penggunaan recloser dan penentuan konfigurasi memang sangat penting untuk meminimalkan area padam. Sebelum pemasangan recloser, persentase SAIDI adalah 43% dengan indeks 20.76, sedangkan persentase SAIFI adalah 11% dengan indeks 5.50. setelah dilakukan pemasangan recloser berdasarkan scenario pecah section, persentase SAIDI SAIFI mengalami penurunan, yakni: SAIDI 36% dengan indeks 17.24 dan SAIFI 10% dengan indeks 4.97. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa target SAIDI SAIFI sebagai indikator pengukuran recloser pada Penyulang Nguling menjadi tepat guna untuk menentukan keandalan sistem
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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