1,720,956 research outputs found
Analysis of the expression of Oncidium tryptophan synthase alpha subunit（OTSA）in response to high temperature
No full text文心蘭在夏季高溫的環境下，可縮短花芽發育期，但花序之品質卻明顯降低，花軸分叉數和高度都顯著減少。迄今我們對於影響文心蘭花序分叉數和花軸高度發育的機制，以及參與調控之相關基因的種類及功能卻毫無所知。為期了解夏季高溫影響花序及花軸發育的情形，本論文選殖在高溫下影響文心蘭花軸發育之相關基因，做為日後研究之基礎。實驗採用文心蘭切花品種南西（Oncidium Gower Ramsey）三年株齡之植物個體為材，將帶有20~25公分花軸之植株，分別培養在適溫（25/20℃）及高溫（35/30℃）之下，取其尖端2 cm之組織利用DDRT-PCR（differential display reverse transcription PCR）方法，選殖出表現具有差異性之基因298個。經定序比對，選出一個可能對於花軸生長發育基因有影響的基因，發現此基因在適溫下發育的花軸其表現活性均明顯高於高溫處理的花軸，並將其命名為Oncidium tryptophan synthase alpha subunit (OTSA)。色氨酸(tryptophan)是重要的植物荷爾蒙Indole acetic acid (IAA)的前驅物。前人的研究也已發現，在豌豆中IAA能促進GA 3-oxidase及降低GA 2-oxidase的mRNA表現，進而促使植株莖幹的生長得以變長。設計引子利用RT-PCR及5'RACE的方式，構築其cDNA。以阿拉伯芥的Heat Shock Protein 101的啟動子與其構築在一起，觀察其在高溫影響下表現活性的變化模式。由於目前文心蘭轉殖的技術尚未成熟，故將此融合基因，利用農桿菌轉殖的方式轉入阿拉伯芥中，觀察其基因高溫下之表型的改變。本實驗也調查了不同溫度下阿拉伯芥內生性tryptophan synthase alpha subunit（AtTRP3）基因的表現，發現高溫下阿拉伯芥花軸中AtTRP3的表現量明顯減少。這與文心蘭的情形相似。除此之外，也將其轉殖進入阿拉伯芥的trp3-1突變株中，觀察其基因及表型在不同溫度下的改變。Development of the Inflorescence of Oncidium could be shortened under high temperature in summer, but the qualities in terms of the length and branch number, drop dramatically. We have no idea about the mechanism of branching, and growing of inflorescence and what kinds of genes involved in regulation. For understanding how Oncidium's Inflorescence develop under high temperature, we cloned genes which affect inflorescence of Oncidium under high temperature. We used three-year-old Gower Ramsey plants as material, and cultured them under moderate temperature（28/23℃）and high temperature（35/30℃）. We used DDRT-PCR（differential display reverse transcription PCR）to clone 298 genes from the top 2 cm of inflorescences. We chose one gene which could affects the growth and development of inflorescence. Expression of this gene is higher under optimal temperature than high temperature. We named it as Oncidium Tryptophan Synthase Alpha subunit(OTSA). Tryptophan is the precursor of the plant hormone-indole acetic acid (IAA). IAA can promote the expression of PsGA 3 oxidase and repress the expression of PsGA 2 oxidase in pea, and promote the growth of stem. We used 5’RACE to obtain cDNA of OTSA and construct a vector with a promoter of Heat Shock Protein 101. Because transformation of Oncidium is difficult, we transform this fusion gene to Arabidopsis thaliana by Agrobacteria. We also investigated the expression of endogenous tryptophan synthase alpha subunit gene(AtTRP3) in Arabidopsis thaliana and found AtTRP3 expressed less amount in inflorescence under high temperature than under optimal temperature.中文摘要…………………………………………………………………..i
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………..ii
前言……………………………………………………………………….1
材料與方法…………………………………………………...................7
結果…………………………………………………………..................22
一、 文心蘭花軸性狀與生長時期之溫度的關係.................................................22
二、 文心蘭花軸DDRT- PCR所釣取之基因及其表現… .……..............................22
三、 OTSA基因全長之釣取與HSP101之啟動子－OTSA融合基因之構築................23
四、 OTSA基因之轉殖及其子代分析………………………….……….….…...24
討論…………………………………………………………..................25
圖表…………………………………………………………..................29
參考文獻……………………………………………………..................39
附圖………………………………………………………………………4
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Nitric oxide activates superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase to repress the cell death induced by wounding
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
