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Task sharing can change the fate of task irrelevant information: Evidence from the joint Picture-Word interference paradigm
No full textThe joint version of the picture-word interference (PWI)
paradigm was employed to investigate how people can
deal with the task irrelevant information when they share
an interference paradigm with another person. Participants
performed the PWI paradigm, which requires to name a
picture while ignoring a distractor word, both individually
(baseline) and co-acting with an alleged partner (joint
task). Results showed that, compared to the baseline and
to a control condition in which participants continued to
perform the PWI individually, the belief of co-acting with
another individual suppressed the semantic interference
effect (i.e., slower naming times for semantically related
picture-word pairs) when the co-actor was thought to
be in charge of the distractor words but not when s/he
was thought to work on the same stimuli (pictures) as
the participant. Task sharing was effective in eliminating
the semantic interference effect only when written word
recognition was made more difficult by presenting
distractor words in case alternation letters (mOuSe). These
results can be explained by assuming that the information
about the co-actor’s task in a context of impaired word
recognition would provide participants with an effective
strategy to ignore the task irrelevant information when
another person is in charge of this information
Personality assimilation across species: enfacing an ape reduces own intelligence and increases emotion attribution to apes
Full text linkSeeing another person’s face while that face and one’s own face are stroked synchronously or controlling a virtual face by moving one’s own induces the illusion that the other face has become a part of oneself—the enfacement effect. Here, we demonstrate that humans can enface even members of another species and that this enfacement promotes “feature migration” in terms of intelligence and emotional attribution from the representation of other to the representation of oneself, and vice versa. We presented participants with a virtual human face moving in or out of sync with their own face, and then morphed it into an ape face. Participants tended to perceive the ape face as their own in the sync condition, as indicated by body-ownership and inclusion-of-others-in-the-self ratings. More interestingly, synchrony also reduced performance in a fluid-intelligence task and increased the willingness to attribute emotions to apes. These observations, which fully replicated in another experiment, fit with the idea that self and other are represented in terms of feature codes, just like non-social events (as implied by the Theory of Event Coding), so that representational self–other overlap invites illusory conjunctions of features from one representation to the other
When task sharing eliminates interference: Evidence from the joint Picture-Word interference paradigm
No full text
When task sharing reduces interference: Evidence for division-of-labour in Stroop-like tasks
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