1,721,378 research outputs found
Use of isolated peptide belonging to Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis, having specific homology, or isolated antibody, as biomarker in an in vitro test for diagnosing individual who is susceptible to or who is developing type I diabetes
No full textAbstract: NOVELTY - As biomarker in an in vitro test for diagnosing an individual who is susceptible to or who is developing type I diabetes, a peptide selected from at least one isolated peptide belonging to Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis-3865c (MAP3865c), at least one peptide having an homology of at least 50% in comparison to a corresponding peptide belonging to human zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) sequence after optimal alignment, or at least one isolated antibody specific for the peptide, is used.
USE - As biomarker in an in vitro test for diagnosing an individual who is susceptible to or who is developing type I diabetes; and in vaccine for the treatment or prophylaxis of type I diabetes (claimed).
ADVANTAGE - The method is more sensitive than the prior art method; and is able to allow to intervene in time with a treatment for preventing or delaying the onset of type I diabetes, for instance by avoiding, controlling or monitoring Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION - As biomarker in an in vitro test for diagnosing an individual who is susceptible to or who is developing type I diabetes, a peptide selected from at least one isolated peptide belonging to Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis-3865c (MAP3865c), at least one peptide having an homology of at least 50% in comparison to a corresponding peptide belonging to human ZnT8 sequence after optimal alignment, or at least one isolated antibody specific for the peptide; or a peptide selected from at least one isolated peptide belonging to ZnT8 sequence having amino acids 174-194, peptide having an homology of at least 50% in comparison to a corresponding peptide belonging to MAP3865c from amino acids 121-141, or isolated antibodies specific for the peptide, as biomarkers in an in vitro test for diagnosing an individual who is susceptible to or who is developing type I diabetes, is used. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following: 1) new isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding for the peptide; 2) new vector comprising the nucleic acid molecule; new isolated cell comprising the vector; 3) a kit comprising a container containing the peptide or the nucleic acid molecule; 4) new isolated antibody specific for the peptide; 5) use of vaccine comprising the isolated peptide for the treatment or prophylaxis of type I diabetes; and 6) use of anti Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis drugs in the prevention and treatment of type I diabetes
Mycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosisbacteremia in type 1 diabetes mellitus: an infectious trigger?
No full textMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis(MAP) is the
established cause of paratuberculosis in
ruminants (i.e., Johne disease). The bacterium
is shed in the milk of infected cows
and survives pasteurization. Recently, an
association between MAP and Crohn disease
has been suggested, wherein MAP has
been found to persist in a cell wall–deficient
form, escaping clearance by the host
immune system
Evaluation of mycobacteria infection prevalence and optimization of the identification process in North Sardinia, Italy
No full textMycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are the most common pathogens of mycobacterial infection, and their prevalence varies around the world. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of mycobacterial infection and drug resistance in North Sardinia, Italy and to optimize the process of mycobacteria identification. From January 2020 to April 2023, samples from 1,836 suspected individuals in North Sardinia were analyzed. Conventional methods (microscopy smear and culture) and molecular methods (polymerase chain reaction, DNA probe, and mass spectrum) were used in MTB and NTM identification. Among 1,836 suspected individuals, 89 were MTB-positive and 44 were NTM-positive. Bronchial aspiration and bronchoalveolar lavage performed well as substitute specimens for sputum in MTB detection. For drug resistance, 71.91% of MTB and 83.33% of NTM were resistant to at least one antibiotic. The average turn-around time of MTB, slowly growing mycobacteria, and rapidly growing mycobacteria was 7.12, 48.87, and 11.27 days, respectively. Overall, our results show that the prevalence of mycobacterial infection in North Sardinia is relatively optimistic. However, the high proportion of drug resistance detected in the isolates is alarming. The implementation of advanced techniques could help optimize the process of mycobacteria identification
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis as a trigger of type-1 diabetes: destination Sardinia, or beyond?
No full text
Anti-HERV-K Drugs and Vaccines, Possible Therapies against Tumors
No full textThe footprint of human endogenous retroviruses (HERV), specifically HERV-K, has been found in malignancies, such as melanoma, teratocarcinoma, osteosarcoma, breast cancer, lymphoma, and ovary and prostate cancers. HERV-K is characterized as the most biologically active HERV due to possession of open reading frames (ORF) for all Gag, Pol, and Env genes, which enables it to be more infective and obstructive towards specific cell lines and other exogenous viruses, respectively. Some factors might contribute to carcinogenicity and at least one of them has been recognized in various tumors, including overexpression/methylation of long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1), HERV-K Gag, and Env genes themselves plus their transcripts and protein products, and HERV-K reverse transcriptase (RT). Therapies effective for HERV-K-associated tumors mostly target invasive autoimmune responses or growth of tumors through suppression of HERV-K Gag or Env protein and RT. To design new therapeutic options, more studies are needed to better understand whether HERV-K and its products (Gag/Env transcripts and HERV-K proteins/RT) are the initiators of tumor formation or just the disorder’s developers. Accordingly, this review aims to present evidence that highlights the association between HERV-K and tumorigenicity and introduces some of the available or potential therapies against HERV-K-induced tumors
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