1,720,959 research outputs found
Guidelines for urban community gardening: Proposal of preliminary indicators for several ecosystem services (Rome, Italy)
No full textCommunity gardening is a current global phenomenon and the general purposes of these horticultural areas in cities are to provide food but also for food security needs. Other ecosystem services, such as improving people’s quality of life, the urban environment and social relations, are also often underlined. Despite the increasing phenomenon of urban community gardens, planning guidelines concerning specific objectives are still needed. Literature underlines five principal aims in setting up urban community gardening, and we suggest “Cultural values” as an additional one. Moreover, we propose a set of 12 basic indicators to support the best choice for the six aims. We also discuss the importance of these indicators which come within three broad categories: A) environmental parameters: morphology, soil, sunlight, water supply, biodiversity value; B) risk factors due to urban pollution, which needs to be investigated further: local pollution linked to urban traffic, local pollution derived from previous activities on the site; C) accessibility and social context: accessibility, schools, community centres, green areas. Since each parameter has a different influence in relation to the various identified aims, we suggest their relative weights, which have to be considered in the different cases, and their needed minimum values. Last of all, we apply the proposed evaluation criteria in several municipal areas of Rome. Our data show that these indicators can easily be applied in selecting the best solutions for this type of urban planning
Pattern of floristic variation on a montane beech forest in the central Apennine (central Italy)
No full textClimate, history and human land use have a strong influence on the distribution and floristic composition of beech forest communities. In the last
50 years, the decrease in human activities has led to the resumption of reforestation dynamics, so a certain variability in floristic composition is
expected. We aim to identify the causes of local floristic variability in different stands of beech forests, integrating floristic, structural and ecological
analysis.
Cluster analysis and Indicator Species Analysis (ISA) were performed to highlight floristic differences; the clusters obtained were compared through
environmental and topographic variables, Ellenberg indicator values, life forms, Social Behaviour Types (SBT) and structural parameters. The
species heterogeneity derives from a climatic and edaphic gradient. Two main types of beech forests were recognized: a microthermal one, placed
at higher altitudes and cooler aspects (Cardamino kitaibelii - Fagetum sylvaticae), and the termophilous one, lying at lower altitudes and warmer
aspects (Lathyro veneti - Fagetum sylvaticae). SBT and structural parameters were useful for detecting the effects of dynamic processes of reforestation.
The integration of the floristic, structural and ecological analysis led to an accurate coenological overview of the beech forest communities
and to the detection of the natural reforestation processes currently ongoing
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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