100,311 research outputs found
Analisi della risposta genetico-molecolare allo stress termico e possibili applicazioni al miglioramento genetico di Gerbera jamesonii hybrida (H.B.)
No full textTransformation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi with genes coding for fluorescent proteins
No full textVariazioni nella produzione di etilene e nei patterns polipetidici ed isoenzimatici in fiori di garofano mediterraneo e di Alstroemeria durante la senescenza su pianta o in vaso
No full textEffetti dello stress termico sulla espressione genica in genotipi microtermi di Gerbera jamesonii var. hybrida; confronto tra piante intere e colture "in vitro".
No full textImpiego di marcatori molecolari in garofano e loro applicazione per il miglioramento della qualità post-raccolta
No full textLe tecniche di indagine dei polimorfismi del DNAsono sempre più numerose e perfezionate e il loro utilizzoper lo studio delle specie ornamentali si è dimostratovalido oltre che per la caratterizzazione varietaleanche per l’individuazione diretta di geni che controllano controllanocaratteri qualitativi e quantitativi importanti(Arùs, 2000).In garofano, il saggio della longevità è nella praticail primo tesi effettuato dai breeders sui nuovi genotipiselezionati e, partendo dai semi F1, si impieganoalmeno due anni per effettuare tale screening. Ladurata in vaso è un carattere complesso di tipo quantitativo,in cui sono coinvolti più geni i cui effetti sonodi tipo prevalentemente additivo (Burchi et al., 1999).La disponibilità e l’utilizzo di marcatori molecolaricorrelati a questo carattere permetterebbero una precoceidentificazione dei genotipi più longevi migliorandol’efficienza dei programmi di breeding con unametodologia avanzata (selezione assistita).Allo scopo di identificare tali marcatori sono statireperite sia progenie segreganti per longevità, siavarietà commerciali ben differenziate per il carattere,ed analizzate mediante tecniche RAPD (RandomAmplified Polymorphic DNA), AFLP (AmplifiedFra gment Lenght Polymorphism) e SSCP (Single-Strand Confo rmation Polymo rphism)
Molecular analysis of Limonium genus through RAPD markers.
No full textRAPD analysis was used to determine the genetic similarity in wild species and cultivatedvarieties of Limonium genus and for verification of hybridity in progenies of interspecific crosses.Eleven wild species and ten commercial varieties were tested with ten selected RAPDprimers. A total of 254 bands were scored and used for calculating genetic distances amongentries. Two cultivars were grouped together with L. sinensis. The species L. bellidifolium, L.otolepis and L. caspia were clustered together. The largest cluster grouped five varieties and L.latifolium. The remaining three cultivars, belonging to the ‘Altaica’ group, resulted related toL. gmelinii. The wild species L. tataricum, L. perezii, L. sinuatum and L. longifolium were clearlyseparated from all of the other genotypes.Seven putative interspecific hybrids and their parents were characterised by means of nineselected RAPD primers. The putative parentage was confirmed for only two hybrids; the remainingfive genotypes, on the basis of RAPD patterns, were identified as apomixis and/orself-pollinations.Our results demonstrated that RAPD analysis is a useful tool for the molecular characterizationof Limonium genotypes. This simple technique may enable ornamental plant breedersto improve the efficiency of their breeding programs
Use of RAPD Markers for the Genetic Characterization of Limonium Species
No full textThe genus Limonium (fam. Plumbaginaceae) consists of about 300 species ofmostly herbaceous perennials, some low shrubs, and annuals. Most botanical speciesare endemics in the Mediterranean region, but many species have their centre oforigin in Caucaso, Turkestan, Caspian Sea, Russia, Iran, China, and South Africa.Limonium is grown in several regions of the world for use as a cut flower for bothfresh and dry-flower arrangements.In this work, RAPD analyses were used for thestudy of genetic relationships in Limonium. Thirteen wild species were tested with 10primers. A total of 244 bands were scored and used for the analysis of geneticdistances. The dendrogram obtained from cluster analysis showed high similarityamong three species that some authors report as synonymous and that appearedvery similar from our previous phenotypic observations (L. caspia, L. bellidifoliumand L. otolepis). In order to clarify the genetic relationships, further analyses werecarried out on several genotypes belonging to these species. The new dendrogram,obtained scoring 151 RAPD bands, showed that the genotypes did not group in clearclusters. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) confirmed this trend: the highestgenetic variation resulted among genotypes and only 6,58 % of the total variationresulted among the species. These results suggest that the species can be consideredsynonymous. The use of RAPD markers in our case was thus useful for clarifying thehighly probable identity of the three Limonium species, in a plant genus that isnotably of difficult interpretation
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis for the genetic characterization of potential parents in a breeding program on pot Alstroemeria
No full textRandom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for the characterization of potential parents in a breeding program on Alstroemeria for pot plant production. A similarity matrix was constructed to estimate the genetic similarity values between genotypes. Cluster analysis was performed to examine the relationships among genotypes. The classification of genotypes through the use of four selected primers is in agreement with the expectations based on geographical origin and pedigree data. On the basis of RAPD data, the most distantly related genotypes were selected to start the breeding program. RAPD analysis thus resulted an effective tool for the genetic characterization of potential parents that may enable ornamental plant breeders to improve the efficiency of the breeding program
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis for the verification of hybridity in interspecific crosses of Alstroemeria.
No full textRandom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to verify interspecific hybridization in Alstroemeria. Five putative interspecific hybrids and their parents were analysed by means of four preselected RAPD primers. The putative parentage was confirmed in four hybrids and was excluded in one that showed completely different RAPD patterns from its putative parents and a different phenotype.Our results demonstrated that this molecular technique is a powerful tool for verifying hybridity rapidly if the putative parents are given. This tool will allow screening of small immature seedlings for verification of hybridity and should improve the efficiency of breeding programmes
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