1,721,205 research outputs found
Schafer, W M, 433034
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/415556Surname: SCHAFER. Given Name(s) or Initials: W M. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: 433034. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 55885.236202
Item: [2016.0049.47817] "Schafer, W M, 433034
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A Fusarium graminearum polygalacturonase gene is required for full virulence during wheat infection
No full textFusarium graminearum is the main causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereals. In wheat, FHB causes remarkable yield and quality losses because of mycotoxins accumulation in the infected kernels. F. graminearum is known to produce two endo-polygalacturonases (PGs) in liquid culture and during infection of wheat plants. The role played by these PGs during the infection process has not been ascertained yet and it has been often neglected because graminaceous plant tissues have a cell wall consisting mainly of cellulose and xylan. In order to establish the role of these PGs in pathogenesis, we have disrupted by targeted homologous recombination the pg encoding genes of this fungus.
When grown in liquid culture containing pectin as the sole carbon source, the PG activity produced by the ΔPG1 mutant resulted negligible compared to that produced by wild-type and ΔPG2 mutant strains; however, the dry weight of wild-type and of both mutant strains was comparable.
The virulence of each mutant has been evaluated by infecting wheat plants: results indicate that both pg knock-out mutants maintain the capability to infect wheat, although the ΔPG1 mutant shows a significant reduction of virulence compared to the wild-type strain (about 50% less infected spikelets), while no reduction of virulence is observed with the ΔPG2 mutant. Therefore, PG1 can be considered a virulence factor of F. graminearum during spike infection
Characterization of Fusarium graminearum pectic enzymes secreted in liquid culture and during wheat infection
No full textFusarium graminearum (teleomorph Giberella zeae) causes important diseases in cereals, like wheat, barley and maize. During the infection process this fungus produces mycotoxins and secretes several cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) which could have a role in host colonization. Among CWDEs, we analyzed pectic enzymes produced in liquid culture and during wheat infection. In culture, activity of endo-polygalacturonase (endo-PG) resulted much greater than that of pectin lyase (PNL). Two endo-PGs are secreted and they exhibit different pH range and optimum: one of them, named PG1, has an optimum pH of 5.0 and is inactive at pH 8.0; the second one, named PG2, has an optimum pH of 7.0 and is still active at pH 8.0.
Gene expression analysis performed by real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and enzyme activity data showed that, in liquid culture, PG1 was more expressed than PG2. The expression of pg1 and pg2 genes during the infection of wheat spikes was compared to that of pnl gene, encoding a pectin lyase, and xylA gene, encoding an endo-xylanase. This latter gene was later expressed than pg and pnl genes, but its expression resulted higher. To clarify the importance of F. graminearum endo-PGs in the infection process we performed transformation-mediated gene disruptions. A phenotypic characterization of these mutants will be presented
The WEELS model: methods, results and limitations
No full textWithin the European Union (EU)-funded Project 'Wind Erosion on European Light Soils' (WEELS), a model was designed and implemented with the aim of predicting the long-term spatial distribution of wind erosion risks in terms of erosion hours and wind-induced soil loss. In order to ensure wide applicability, the model structure consists of a modular combination of different approaches and algorithms, running on available or easily collected topographic and climatological data input. Whereas the 'WIND', 'WIND EROSIVITY' and 'SOIL MOISTURE' modules combine factors that contribute to the temporal variations of climatic erosivity, the 'SOIL ERODIBILITY', SURFACE ROUGHNESS' and 'LAND USE' modules predict the temporal soil and vegetation cover variables that control soil erodibility. Preliminary simulations over a 29-year period for the Barnham site (UK) (1970-1998) and a 13-year period for the Gronheim site (Germany) (1981-1993) generally resulted in a higher erosion risk for the English test site, where the total mean soil loss was estimated at 1.56 t ha(-1) year(-1) and mean maximum soil loss at about 15.5 t ha(-1) year(-1). The highest rates exceeded 3 t ha(-1) in March, September and November. On the northern German test site, the total mean soil loss was 0.43 t ha(-1) year(-1). The highest erosion rates were predicted in April when they can exceed 2.5 t ha(-1). The total mean maximum soil loss at this site of about 10.0 t ha(-1) year(-1) corresponds to a loss of about 0.65 mm. Predictions based on a land use scenario for the German site revealed that the erosion risk could be reduced significantly by changing land use strategies. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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