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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Intestinal inflammation in children with cystic fibrosis
No full textA fibrose cística (FC) é uma doença autossômica recessiva, com acometimento de múltiplos órgãos e sistemas. Evidências de inflamação intestinal vêm sendo demonstradas nessa doença e a etiologia parece ser multifatorial. A calprotectina fecal (CLP) é um biomarcador de inflamação intestinal e os estudos vêm mostrando seu aumento em pacientes com FC. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os valores de CLP entre crianças com fibrose cística e indivíduos saudáveis, avaliar se há diferença dos níveis desse marcador de acordo com a faixa etária ( 4 anos) e investigar a relação entre a CLP e as características clínicas dos pacientes com FC. Foi realizado um estudo transversal. Foram avaliadas 30 crianças com FC, detectadas pelo teste de triagem neonatal e 39 saudáveis, com médias de idade (DP) de 47,63 (27,60) e 43,64 (25,93) meses. A CLP foi determinada por um teste de ELISA. Para a comparação das médias dos valores de calprotectina entre os grupos FC e saudáveis e para avaliar associação entre a CLP e as características clínicas dos pacientes com FC, foram utilizados modelos de regressão linear, simples e múltiplos (ajustado por tipo de parto e dieta). A relação entre duas variáveis quantitativas foi avaliada pelo coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Houve uma correlação negativa entre os níveis de calprotectina fecal e a idade, tanto nos saudáveis como nos fibrocísticos. Observou-se uma ampla variabilidade dos valores de CLP nos pacientes com FC com idade <= 4 anos, com aumento significativo em relação aos saudáveis (p = 0,03). Nas crianças acima de 4 anos, não houve diferença da CLP entre os grupos (p = 0,74). Para os maiores de 4 anos, ao usar um ponto de corte de 50 mg/kg, notou-se elevação de CLP em 92,86% das crianças com FC e em 70,59% dos saudáveis (p = 0,18). Utilizando um ponto de corte de 100 mg/kg, observou-se aumento em 64,29% e 47,06%, respectivamente (p = 0,47). Nas crianças com FC, houve associação entre CLP e ocorrência de síndrome de pseudo-Bartter (p = 0,01). Não houve relação desse marcador com outras características presentes na FC como anemia hipoalbuminêmica (p = 0,24), insuficiência pancreática (p = 0,49), tipo de infecção respiratória por Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p = 0,19), estado nutricional (p = 0,12), uso de inibidor de bomba de prótons (p = 0,34), número de ciclos de antibióticos (p = 0,51) ou de hospitalizações durante a vida (0,17). Em conclusão, os níveis de calprotectina fecal nas crianças com FC se diferem das saudáveis, sugerindo alteração do ambiente intestinal desde os primeiros anos de vida. Há uma tendência à redução desse marcador com a progressão da idade.Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disease, involving multiple organs and systems. Evidence of intestinal inflammation has been demonstrated in this disease and the etiology seems to be multifactorial. Fecal calprotectin (CLP) is a biomarker of intestinal inflammation and studies have been showing its increase in CF patients. The aim of the study was to compare CLP values among children with cystic fibrosis and healthy individuals, to evaluate whether there are differences in levels of this marker according to the age range ( 4 years) and to investigate the relationship between CLP and the clinical characteristics of CF patients. A cross-sectional study was carried out. We evaluated 30 children with CF, detected by the neonatal screening test and 39 healthy, mean age (SD) of 47.63 (27.60) and 43.64 (25.93) months. CLP was determined by an ELISA test. In order to compare the mean values of calprotectin between the CF and healthy groups and to evaluate the association between CLP and the clinical characteristics of CF patients, linear and simple regression models were used (adjusted by type of delivery and diet). The relationship between two quantitative variables was evaluated by the Spearman correlation coefficient. The level of significance was 5%. There was a negative correlation between fecal calprotectin levels and age in both healthy and fibrocystic patients. A wide variability of CLP values was observed in CF patients aged <= 4 years, with a significant increase in relation to the healthy ones (p = 0.03). In children older than 4 years, there was no difference in CLP between groups (p = 0.74). For those over 4 years of age, when using a cut-off point of 50 mg/kg, CLP was elevated in 92.86% of the children with CF and in 70.59% of the healthy ones (p = 0.18). Using a cut-off point of 100 mg/kg, an increase was observed in 64.29% and 47.06%, respectively (p = 0.47). In children with CF, there was an association between CLP and the occurrence of pseudo-Bartter syndrome (p = 0.01). There was no relation of this marker with other characteristics present in CF such as hypoalbuminemic anemia (p = 0.24), pancreatic insufficiency (p = 0.49), type of respiratory infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p = 0.19), nutritional status (p = 0.12), proton pump inhibitor use (p = 0.34), number of antibiotic cycles (p = 0.51) or lifetime hospitalizations (0.17). In conclusion, the levels of fecal calprotectin in children with CF differ from healthy ones, suggesting a change in the intestinal environment from the first years of life. There is a tendency to reduce this marker with the progression of age
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Oral manifestations, socioeconomic classification and quality of life in children and adolescents with gastroesophageal reflux disease
No full textA Doença do Refluxo Gastroesofágico (DRGE), comumente observada em crianças e adolescentes, é uma das causas intrínsecas mais frequentes do desgaste erosivo. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi realizar um estudo exploratório e analítico em crianças e adolescentes com idade entre 10 e 15 anos com DRGE e identificar possíveis diferenças entre grupos Casos e Controles quanto à presença de halitose, fluxo salivar, pH, capacidade tampão da saliva, lesões de desgaste erosivo e cárie dentária, classificação socioeconômica e qualidade de vida. Trinta voluntários participaram da pesquisa, sendo 15 do grupo Caso e 15 do grupo Controle. Informações sexo e idade foram coletadas durante a anamnese. A presença de halitose foi verificada por meio de avaliação organoléptica. A avaliação salivar foi realizada pelo fluxo salivar estimulado e o pH e a capacidade tampão (técnica de Ericsson), medidos com um pHmetro digital. Para a classificação econômica, utilizou-se o Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil 2014 (CCEB/2014). Os voluntários responderam um questionário sobre qualidade de vida, validado no brasil (Child-OIDP) para faixa etária de 11-14 anos de idade. Além disso, foi realizado exame clínico para detecção de desgaste erosivo e cárie dentária de acordo com os índices BEWE e ICDAS, respectivamente. Os dados foram analisados pelo software STATA 9. As variáveis categorizadas sexo, idade, halitose e classificação socioeconômica e as variáveis numéricas fluxo salivar, capacidade tampão e pH não apresentaram diferença estatística entre os grupos (p > 0,05). O grupo Caso apresentou diferença significativa comparado ao grupo Controle para as variáveis BEWE e ICDAS. Apenas o desgaste erosivo e a presença de lesões de cárie foram associados a DRGE. O BEWE e o ICDAS podem ser considerados métodos auxiliares para o diagnóstico de pacientes com refluxo patológico. A relação interdisciplinar entre os profissionais de saúde, em especial, cirurgiões dentistas e médicos gastroenterologistas, é essencial para melhor conduta médica-odontológica de pacientes com Doença do Refluxo Gastroesofágico.Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), commonly observed in children and adolescents is one of the most common intrinsic causes of the erosive wear. The aim of this research was to conduct an exploratory and analytical study in children and adolescents aged between 10 and 15 years with GERD and to identify possible differences between Cases and Controls groups for the presence of halitosis, salivary flow, pH, saliva buffering capacity, erosive wear and dental caries, socioeconomic classification and quality of life. Thirty volunteers participated in this study, but fifteen were in the Case group and fifteen were in the Control group. Information about age and sex were collected during the anamnesis. The presence of halitosis was verified by organoleptic evaluation. The salivary tests were performed by saliva stimulated salivary flow; pH and buffering capacity (by Ericsson technique) were measured with a digital pH meter. Economic classification was evaluated by Economic Classification Criteria Brazil 2014 (CCEB/2014). The volunteers answered a questionnaire about quality of life, validated in Brazil (Child-OIDP) for the age group of 11-14 years. Furthermore, the clinical examination was conducted to erosive wear and caries detection in accordance with BEWE and ICDAS index, respectively. The data were analysed by Stata 9.0 software. Categorical variables sex, age, halitosis and socioeconomic classification and numeric variables salivary flow, buffer capacity and pH had not statistical difference between groups (p > 0.05). The Case group had significant difference compared to the Control group using BEWE and ICDAS variables. Only erosive tooth wear and carious lesions were associated with GERD. The BEWE and ICDAS can complement the methods for the diagnosis of patients with pathological reflux. The interdisciplinary relationship between dentists and gastroenterologists is essential for better medical and dental management of patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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