1,720,960 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Everolimus restrains the paracrine pro-osteoclast activity of breast cancer cells
Full text linkBackground: Breast cancer (BC) cells secrete soluble factors that accelerate osteoclast (OC) differentiation, leading
to the formation of osteolytic bone metastases. In the BOLERO-2 trial, BC patients with bone involvement who
received Everolimus had a delayed tumor progression in the skeleton as a result of direct OC suppression through
the inhibition of mTOR, in addition to the general suppressor effect on the cancer cells. Here, we explored the
effect of Everolimus, as mTOR inhibitor, on the pro-OC paracrine activity of BC cells.
Methods: Both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 BC cell lines were incubated with sub-lethal amounts of Everolimus, and
their conditioned supernatants were assessed for their capacity to differentiate OCs from PBMC from healthy
donors, as well as to interfere with their bone resorbing activity shown on calcium phosphate slices. We also
measured the mRNA levels of major pro-OC factors in Everolimus-treated BC cells and their secreted levels by
ELISA, and evaluated by immunoblotting the phosphorylation of transcription factors enrolled by pathways
cooperating with the mTOR inhibition. Finally, the in vivo pro-OC activity of these cells was assessed in SCID
mice after intra-tibial injections.
Results: We found that Everolimus significantly inhibited the differentiation of OCs and their in vitro bone-resorbing
activity, and also found decreases of both mRNA and secreted pro-OC factors such as M-CSF, IL-6, and IL-1β, whose
lower ELISA levels paralleled the defective phosphorylation of NFkB pathway effectors. Moreover, when intra-tibially
injected in SCID mice, Everolimus-treated BC cells produced smaller bone metastases than the untreated cells.
Conclusions: mTOR inhibition in BC cells leads to a suppression of their paracrine pro-OC activity by interfering
with the NFkB pathway; this effect may also account for the delayed progression of bone metastatic disease
observed in the BOLERO-2 trial.
Keywords: BOLERO-2 trial, Breast cancer cells, mTOR, Osteoclastogenesis, Everolimu
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
PTHrP produced by myeloma plasma cells regulates their survival and pro-osteoclast activity for bone disease progression.
No full textTo promote their survival and progression in the skeleton, osteotropic malignancies of breast, lung, and prostate produce parathyroid
hormone–related protein (PTHrP), which induces hypercalcemia. PTHrP serum elevations have also been described in multiple
myeloma (MM), although their role is not well defined. When we investigated MM cells from patients and cell lines, we found that
PTHrP and its receptor (PTH‐R1) are highly expressed, and that PTHrP is secreted both as a full‐length molecule and as small subunits.
Among these subunits, the mid‐region, including the nuclear localization sequence (NLS), exerted a proliferative effect because it was
accumulated in nuclei of MM cells surviving in starvation conditions. This was confirmed by increased transcription of several genes
enrolled in proliferation and apoptosis control. PTHrP was also found to stimulate PTH‐R1 inMMcells. PTH‐R1’s selective activation by
the full‐length PTHrP molecule or the NH2‐terminal fragment resulted in a significant increase of intracellular Ca2þ influx, cyclic
adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) content, and expression of receptor activator of NF‐kB ligand (RANKL) and monocyte
chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1). Our data definitely clarify the role of PTHrP in MM. The PTHrP peptide is functionally secreted by
malignant plasma cells and contributes to MM tumor biology and progression, both by intracrine maintenance of cell proliferation in
stress conditions and by autocrine or paracrine stimulation of PTH‐R1, which in turn reinforces the production of osteoclastogenic
factors
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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