123,241 research outputs found
Introduction. Psychiatric epidemiology: the traditions and the challenge
No full textPsychiatric epidemiolog
Introduction
No full textThe United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is an international treaty that embeds the human rights of people with disabilities into international law. The application of the CRPD in the field of psychiatry is not straightforward, especially when various sets of rights are in direct conflict with each other. To open the debate on how best to apply the principles of the CRPD in the field of mental health, we prepared case histories based on real-life stories and asked psychiatrists, ethicists, and lived experience experts to provide commentary on human rights-based mental health care. We then included a series of eight descriptions of countries with different legal traditions partially explaining the differences in the way in which the CRPD would be employed in mental health care. Thirdly, there is a section illustrating the work of non-governmental organizations related to the CRPD by the description of three such organizations—one professional and two non-professional and their work relevant to human rights. We draw the conclusion about the need for a realistic interpretation of the CRPD, and education and training of healthcare workers in the requirements of the CRPD. In addition, we point towards the need for all governments to allocate the resources required to improve social and health services to adopt and implement the principles of the CRPD to protect and promote the rights of people with mental illness.</p
Annotated bibliography of psychiatric epidemiology
No full text(from the cover) A number of the world's experts in psychiatric epidemiology were asked by the World Health Organization to compile a list of the outstanding publications in the field. That list formed the basis of this bibliography, although it has been updated and expanded, and author and subject indexes added. There are over 200 entries with summaries and comment, in what comprises an overview of what is known of the subject today. ((c) 1997 APA/PsycINFO, all rights reserved
Mortality gap and physical comorbidity of people with severe mental disorders: the public health scandal
No full textBackground: Patients suffering from severe mental disorders, including schizophrenia, major depression and bipolar disorders, have a reduced life expectancy compared to the general population of up to 10–25 years. This mortality gap requires urgent actions from a public health perspective in order to be reduced. Main text: Factors associated with the high mortality rates in patients with severe mental disorders can be grouped into four groups: those related to the patients, to psychiatrists, to other non-psychiatrist medical doctors and to the healthcare system. Each of these factors should become the target of specific and dedicated interventions, in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate in patients with severe mental disorders. All these elements contribute to the neglect of physical comorbidity in patients with severe mental. In particular, the long-standing separation of psychiatry from other branches of medicine and the lack of specific training on this issue further contribute to the poor attention dedicated to management of physical comorbidities. Recently, several professional associations have invited national bodies regulating education of healthcare professionals to include the management of physical health of people with severe mental disorders in undergraduate and postgraduate educational programs. Conclusions: The premature mortality in patients with severe mental disorders is a complex phenomenon resulting by the interaction of several protective and risk factors. Therefore, a multilevel approach is needed, in which the different stakeholders involved in health care provision establish workforces for the long-term management of physical and mental health conditions
The Application of the CRPD and Other International Human Rights Instruments in Mental Health Care
No full textThe international human rights framework was adopted by the United Nations in 1948 through the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, followed by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in 1966. There was no specific mention of the right of people with disabilities in these documents. The rights of persons with mental illness received international acknowledgement through the United Nations Mental Illness Principles in 1991. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) adopted by the United Nations in 2006 is a treaty that embeds the rights of people with disabilities into the international law. The CRPD requires the States Parties to protect and promote the economic, social and cultural rights as well as the civil and political rights of people with disabilities. It requires reshaping of mental health legislation and policy by promoting alternatives to coercion and investing into resources required for accessible social and health services. The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the UN Resolution on Mental Health and Psychosocial Disabilities, 2023 incorporate the principles of the CRPD to ensure that no-one is left behind and to reaffirm mental health as an essential component of universal health coverage. This book uses the case history method to promote a conversation to provide practical ways forward to implement the principles of the CRPD for protection and promotion of the human rights of people with mental illness.</p
Impact of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities on Mental Health Care:Way Forward
No full textThe United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is a landmark international treaty based on the central idea of respect for the inherent dignity of every human being. We explored issues that arise in the application of the CRPD in mental health care through case histories modelled on real-life stories in clinical practice. The analysis of case histories emphasized the need to respect autonomy, will, and preference of the person with mental illness and identified the need to implement alternatives to coercion in mental health care. However, there was consensus that involuntary psychiatric treatment was sometimes required to respect the right to health, as the last resort, for a short period, with strong safeguards and monitoring. The case histories displayed that the most common violation of the rights of persons with mental illness was a lack of access to social and health services. This is in part due to the poverty prevailing in some countries and in part to the low priority that is given to the provision of mental health care to those who need it. The section on legislation showed that while most countries had updated their mental health laws to comply with the CRPD, there was no or inadequate focus on economic, social, and cultural rights. The States Parties to the Convention must invest into the social sector for example, housing, employment, social inclusion, and tackling stigma; and healthcare sector including mental health promotion, early intervention, and implementing voluntary recovery-oriented community-based mental health services.</p
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