1,721,148 research outputs found
Disabilità, istruzione universitaria e lavoro. Un'analisi fuzzy sull'Ateneo di Modena e Reggio Emilia
Full text linkIn questo paper si applica un’analisi fuzzy per ricavare gli indici relativi all’esperienza universitaria e all’inserimento lavorativo di un certo numero di laureati con disabilità dell’Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, a cui è stata sottoposta un’indagine ad hoc. In generale, dagli esiti della somministrazione e dall’analisi fuzzy emergono risultati migliori per quanto riguarda l’esperienza universitaria. L’inserimento lavorativo, invece, seppur con valori mai negativi, raggiunge livelli minori. Il cammino intrapreso con quest'indagine può essere un punto di partenza per un’analisi più estesa, ampliando il bacino di somministrazione
Access to work and disability: the case of Italy
Full text linkThis paper is an empirical study on the work opportunities of people with disability using the Istat survey on health conditions 2004-2005, that collects information on the health status and disability condition on the whole Italian population and allows a comparison between disabled and not disabled persons. For this purpose we investigate the probability to be employed by disability status. People with disability show a lower probability of being employed and their employment probability is even lower if with psychic disability. By disaggregating by disability status our analysis can recognize a higher positive effect of investing in education on the probability of employment for people with disabilities.This paper is an empirical study on the work opportunities of people with disability using the ISTAT survey on Health Conditions and Use of Health Services Survey 2004-2005, that collects information on the health status and disability condition on the whole Italian population and allows a comparison between disabled and not disabled persons. For this purpose we investigate the probability to be employed by disability status. People with disability show a lower probability of being employed, the availability of data on the type of disability allows to detect amongst disabled a lower employment probability for individuals with psychic disability. By disaggregating by disability status our analysis can recognize a higher positive effect of investing in education on the probability of employment for people with disabilities
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Does disability discourage? An empirical analysis of the disabled labour force in Italy
Full text linkThis paper is an empirical study on the work opportunities of people with disability using Italian data collected through a survey carried out by ISTAT in 2004. Our analysis is guided by the conceptual framework of the Capability Approach and investigates the role of conversion factors in the ability to be employed and the type of employment. We first use a simple probit for labour force participation and then a sequential logit model for the outcomes of participation as well as employment status. In all variants we find that chronic illness is a stronger deterrent for labour force participation than disability. Women are more discouraged by disability compared to men. For the disabled, intellectual disability is the strongest barrier as can be expected and hearing the least influential. In a sequential decision-making process, one finds that disability affects both labour force participation decision and the ability to be employed but not so much the choice between part time and full time
Disability, life satisfaction and social interaction in Italy
Full text linkThis paper will focus on the living conditions of disabled people with different degree of limitations as regards to daily activities. In a first step of analysis we focus on the predictors of four specific domains of life satisfaction. In a second step, we attempt to define the different well-being dimensions of disabled people by using the indicators available in the 2011 ISTAT Survey on social inclusion of people with disabilities and by comparing the well-being attainments with respect to the different levels of functional limitations. Given the relevance of social interaction in the life satisfaction of individuals, we focus on this dimension of well-being by analysing the effect of functional limitations on its development, measured by using the observable indicators on the satisfaction of interaction with friends and relatives, the extent of this interaction, and frequency and satisfaction on internet use
Is the development of obesogenic food environments a self-reinforcing process? Evidence from soft drink consumption
Full text linkBackground: Understanding how the development of obesogenic food environments and the consumption of ultra-processed foods and beverages influence each other can help policymakers to identify effective ways to curb the current obesity epidemic. This paper was designed to investigate whether, and to what extent, the consumption of soft drinks and the prevalence of obesity are linked through feedback effects. Methods: An ecological study design and a simultaneous equation model were used to investigate the existence of a vicious cycle between the consumption of soft drinks and the prevalence of obesity. The analysis was based on a longitudinal dataset covering per capita sales of soft drinks, the age-standardised prevalence rate of obesity and several demographic and socio-economic control variables in a sample of 98 countries worldwide for the period 2005–2019. Results: Using a Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) regression model with fixed effects, we documented a self-reinforcing process that links consumption and obesity. Changes in the spread of obesity were associated with changes in soft drink consumption: a one-unit increase in the age-adjusted prevalence rate of obesity increased consumption by about 2.39 l per person per year. Similarly, as the consumption of soft drinks rose, so did the prevalence of obesity: the age-adjusted rate of obesity increased by 0.07% for every additional litre consumed per capita. Computing the impact multipliers, we found that the outcome of a one-unit decrease in the average price of soft drinks was twofold: a) the prevalence of obesity increased by around 0.17%; and b) consumption increased by around 2.40 l per person, the sum of the increase directly caused by the price reduction (2 l) and the increase due to the interplay between consumption and obesity (0.4 l). Conclusions: This study has identified a feedback loop between unhealthy habits (i.e. the consumption of soft drinks) and health outcomes (i.e. the prevalence of obesity). This interplay amplifies the impact of any exogenous changes in the determinants of consumption and obesity. These feedback effects should be considered and exploited in planning effective strategies to tackle the burden of obesity and the global epidemic of non-communicable diseases
Female smoking prevalence: Are we moving toward a tobacco free-world?
No full textIn this paper, we applied the concept of convergence to examine the evolution of smoking prevalence among women in 191 countries worldwide during the period 1990–2019. The nonlinear time-varying factor model proposed by Phillips and Sul was adopted to identify potential clusters (clubs), wherein groups of countries converge to similar female smoking rates. An ordered logit regression model was used to assess the impact of cigarettes affordability on the probability of countries to fall within a given cluster. The hypothesis of global convergence was rejected
To what extent does disability discourage from work? An empirical analysis of labour force participation of disabled people in Italy
Full text linkThis paper is an empirical study on the work opportunities of people with disability
using Italian data collected through a survey carried out by ISTAT in 2004. Our analysis
is guided by the conceptual framework of the capability approach and investigates the
role of conversion factors in the ability to be employed and the type of employment.
We rst use a simple probit for labour force participation and then a sequential logit
for the outcomes of participation as well as employment status. In all variants we nd
that chronic illness is a stronger deterrent for labour force participation than disability.
Women are more discouraged by disability compared to men. Among the various types of
disabilities, `intellectual' disability is the strongest barrier as can be expected and hearing
the least in
uential. In a sequential decision-making process, we nd that disability
a ects both labour force participation decision and the ability to be employed but not so
much the choice between part-time and full-time
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