1,720,956 research outputs found
On the conceptual link between sovereignty and legitimacy
No full textSovereignty plays a role in many contexts, from religion to political philosophy to law. In law, it is used in the context of constitutional law and international law first and foremost. Particularly in constitutional law, it is often linked to legitimacy, with some scholars arguing that to sever the link between the two is conceptually wrong; that there is a necessary conceptual link between sovereignty and legitimacy. In this contribution, it is argued that the concept of sovereignty is too vague to support such a strong claim. Instead, it depends on which conception of sovereignty one presupposes. To demonstrate this, the author analyses three conceptions of sovereignty in constitutional law and their link to legitimacy: first, the Austinian conception of sovereignty as a social fact (in the sense of habitual obedience by a population of someone not in the habit of habitually obeying another entity); secondly, sovereignty as a legal status attached to an entity by law; and thirdly, sovereignty – in particular popular sovereignty – as an ideal or principle in law. In how far do these different conceptions of sovereignty have a legitimizing function? These analyses do not suggest that there can be no link between sovereignty and legitimacy, but that this link is not a necessary, conceptual one. The contribution closes with a plea for more specificity and transparency in the use of the term sovereignty
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The paradoxical value of sovereignty in post-sovereign society
No full textIn this chapter, I start by analysing internal paradoxes of sovereignty and critically dealing with normative critical and speculative uses of sovereignty. I subsequently focus on the problem of value pluralism in modern society, national identity and state-building to demonstrate internal paradoxes of the modern concept of sovereignty. Criticising social and political theories of values and cultural integration, I draw on functional differentiation of modern society and use the autopoietic social systems theory to discuss the semantic value of sovereignty beyond normative and speculative theories of society. I use the process of European integration and constitution of the EU’s transnational legal and political systems to argue that persistence of the semantics of sovereignty in post-sovereign European society shows sovereignty’s value in the sense of its capacity to semantically support operations of the legal and political systems independently of structures and limitations of the nation state as typical modern organisation of sovereign power. Sovereignty is a more general category than statehood because it persists and continues to be used by lawyers, politicians and the general public even in contemporary supranational and transnational globalised society. Its value, rather than offering ultimate normative and functional resolutions to the legitimacy dilemmas, is intrinsic to the systems of positive law and politics. It semantically organises their internal self-validation and self-constitution. The persuasive force and semantic value of sovereignty, therefore, paradoxically increases in post-sovereign political and legal structures of globalised society
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