24 research outputs found
Management des Ressources Humaines en Temps de Crise : Étude Exploratoire
No full textRésumé : La crise sanitaire de Covid-19 a perturbé le fonctionnement des États et des organisations du monde entier y compris notre pays le Maroc.En période de cette pandémie, plusieurs entreprises et institutions marocaines ont été obligées de prendre un certain nombre de mesures dictées à la fois par l’impératif de la protection de la santé de leurs employés et celui de la continuité de leur activité, tels que : les suspensions des contrats de travail, les licenciements pour motifs économiques, la réduction des heures de travail et des effectifs, le télétravail, ... etc.Dans ce contexte exceptionnel, l’objectif de notre recherche était de mener une étude exploratoire qui vise à décrire le monde du travail et de l’emploi au Maroc, pendant l’avènement de la pandémie de Covid-19, tout en dressant un état des lieux du Management des Ressources Humaines en période de cette crise sanitaire exceptionnelle.Pour atteindre les objectifs de notre recherche, on a adopté une approche qualitative, basée sur la collecte des données par le biais de l’entretien semi-directif avec les personnes ressources. L’analyse des données recueillies a été faite par le logiciel Sphinx d’analyse des données qualitatives. Les résultats de notre recherche aboutissent à l’existence de beaucoup d’implications de la crise sanitaire de Covid-19 sur les relations de travail et sur le Management RH. Nos conclusions tentent à élaborer des propositions afin d’assurer une reprise efficace et durable pour la période du Post-Covid. Mots clés : Management RH, Management de crise, Relations de travail, Licenciement pour motifs économiques, Télétravail, Covid-19.
Abstract: The health crisis of Covid-19 has disrupted the functioning of states and organizations worldwide, including our country, Morocco.During this pandemic, several Moroccan companies and institutions have been compelled to take a number of measures dictated by both the imperative of protecting the health of their employees and the need to ensure the continuity of their activities, such as: suspensions of employment contracts, layoffs for economic reasons, reduction of working hours and staff, remote work, etc.In this exceptional context, the objective of our research was to conduct an exploratory study aiming to describe the world of work and employment in Morocco, during the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, while providing an overview of Human Resources Management during this unprecedented health crisisTo achieve the objectives of our research, we adopted a qualitative approach, relying on data collection through semi-structured interviews with key informants. The analysis of the collected data was conducted using the Sphinx software for qualitative data analysis.The results of our research lead to the identification of numerous implications of the Covid-19 health crisis on labor relations and HR management. Our conclusions aim to formulate proposals to ensure an effective and sustainable recovery for the post-Covid period.Keywords: HR Management, Crisis Management, Labor Relations, Layoffs for Economic Reasons, Remote Work, Covid-19Résumé : La crise sanitaire de Covid-19 a perturbé le fonctionnement des États et des organisations du monde entier y compris notre pays le Maroc.En période de cette pandémie, plusieurs entreprises et institutions marocaines ont été obligées de prendre un certain nombre de mesures dictées à la fois par l’impératif de la protection de la santé de leurs employés et celui de la continuité de leur activité, tels que : les suspensions des contrats de travail, les licenciements pour motifs économiques, la réduction des heures de travail et des effectifs, le télétravail, ... etc.Dans ce contexte exceptionnel, l’objectif de notre recherche était de mener une étude exploratoire qui vise à décrire le monde du travail et de l’emploi au Maroc, pendant l’avènement de la pandémie de Covid-19, tout en dressant un état des lieux du Management des Ressources Humaines en période de cette crise sanitaire exceptionnelle.Pour atteindre les objectifs de notre recherche, on a adopté une approche qualitative, basée sur la collecte des données par le biais de l’entretien semi-directif avec les personnes ressources. L’analyse des données recueillies a été faite par le logiciel Sphinx d’analyse des données qualitatives. Les résultats de notre recherche aboutissent à l’existence de beaucoup d’implications de la crise sanitaire de Covid-19 sur les relations de travail et sur le Management RH. Nos conclusions tentent à élaborer des propositions afin d’assurer une reprise efficace et durable pour la période du Post-Covid. Mots clés : Management RH, Management de crise, Relations de travail, Licenciement pour motifs économiques, Télétravail, Covid-19.
Abstract: The health crisis of Covid-19 has disrupted the functioning of states and organizations worldwide, including our country, Morocco.During this pandemic, several Moroccan companies and institutions have been compelled to take a number of measures dictated by both the imperative of protecting the health of their employees and the need to ensure the continuity of their activities, such as: suspensions of employment contracts, layoffs for economic reasons, reduction of working hours and staff, remote work, etc.In this exceptional context, the objective of our research was to conduct an exploratory study aiming to describe the world of work and employment in Morocco, during the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, while providing an overview of Human Resources Management during this unprecedented health crisisTo achieve the objectives of our research, we adopted a qualitative approach, relying on data collection through semi-structured interviews with key informants. The analysis of the collected data was conducted using the Sphinx software for qualitative data analysis.The results of our research lead to the identification of numerous implications of the Covid-19 health crisis on labor relations and HR management. Our conclusions aim to formulate proposals to ensure an effective and sustainable recovery for the post-Covid period.Keywords: HR Management, Crisis Management, Labor Relations, Layoffs for Economic Reasons, Remote Work, Covid-1
Management de Crise en Milieux Educatifs Marocains : Leçons Tirées d’une Master Class Pédagogique
No full textRésumé :
Le secteur de l’éducation constitue un pilier fondamental du développement des Etats. Récemment, en 2020, une grande crise sanitaire a secoué les milieux éducatifs à l’échelle mondiale, et a troublé le bon déroulement des activités de l’enseignement et de la formation.
Les institutions éducatives marocaines n’étaient pas épargnées des perturbations causées par la crise de Covid-19. Dès l’avènement de cette pandémie, les autorités publiques ont très vite renforcé leurs efforts pour gérer cette crise exceptionnelle imprévue, en imposant plusieurs restrictions sanitaires : confinement, mesures de distanciation, interdiction de circulation, …etc. En éducation, l’enseignement à distance était le mode d’enseignement établi pour pallier à la fermeture des établissements éducatifs. Cependant, des difficultés ont été recensées, en cette période de crise, au niveau de la gestion de ce secteur national important.
L’objectif de cette recherche est de mettre la lumière sur le Management des milieux éducatifs marocains en temps de crise de Covid-19, tout en vérifiant comment le secteur de l’éducation marocain a été dirigé dans ce contexte exceptionnel, afin d’en tirer les enseignements essentiels à la gestion de pareilles crises dans le futur.
Dans le présent article, nous avons mené une recherche empirique, adoptant une approche qualitative basée sur la collecte de données par le biais de la technique du « Focus group », réalisée auprès d’une catégorie étudiants universitaires marocains, dans le cadre d’une Master class pédagogique organisée à leur profit. Le débat recueilli lors de la session Questions/Réponses a été retranscrit, puis réparti en thèmes avant d’être analysé par le logiciel NVivo 10.
Mots clés : Management, Education, Crise de Covid-19, Milieux éducatifs, Enseignement à distance, Focus group, Master class
Abstract:
The education sector constitutes a fundamental pillar of states' development. Recently, in 2020, a major health crisis shook educational environments globally, disrupting the smooth operation of teaching and training activities.
Moroccan educational institutions were not spared from the disruptions caused by the Covid-19 crisis. With the onset of this pandemic, public authorities quickly intensified their efforts to manage this unprecedented crisis by imposing several health restrictions: lockdowns, social distancing measures, travel bans, and so on. In education, distance learning became the established mode of instruction to compensate for the closure of educational institutions. However, difficulties were encountered during this crisis period in managing this important national sector.
The objective of this research is to shed light on the Management of Moroccan educational environments during the Covid-19 crisis, while examining how the Moroccan education sector was handled in this exceptional context, in order to derive essential lessons for managing similar crises in the future.
In this article, we conducted empirical research using a qualitative approach based on data collection through the « Focus group » technique, carried out with a group of Moroccan university students during a Pedagogical Master class organized for their benefit. The debate collected during the Q&A session was transcribed, then categorized into themes before being analyzed by the NVivo 10 software.
Keywords: Management, Education, Covid-19 Crisis, Educational Environments, Distance Learning, Focus Group, Master ClassRésumé :
Le secteur de l’éducation constitue un pilier fondamental du développement des Etats. Récemment, en 2020, une grande crise sanitaire a secoué les milieux éducatifs à l’échelle mondiale, et a troublé le bon déroulement des activités de l’enseignement et de la formation.
Les institutions éducatives marocaines n’étaient pas épargnées des perturbations causées par la crise de Covid-19. Dès l’avènement de cette pandémie, les autorités publiques ont très vite renforcé leurs efforts pour gérer cette crise exceptionnelle imprévue, en imposant plusieurs restrictions sanitaires : confinement, mesures de distanciation, interdiction de circulation, …etc. En éducation, l’enseignement à distance était le mode d’enseignement établi pour pallier à la fermeture des établissements éducatifs. Cependant, des difficultés ont été recensées, en cette période de crise, au niveau de la gestion de ce secteur national important.
L’objectif de cette recherche est de mettre la lumière sur le Management des milieux éducatifs marocains en temps de crise de Covid-19, tout en vérifiant comment le secteur de l’éducation marocain a été dirigé dans ce contexte exceptionnel, afin d’en tirer les enseignements essentiels à la gestion de pareilles crises dans le futur.
Dans le présent article, nous avons mené une recherche empirique, adoptant une approche qualitative basée sur la collecte de données par le biais de la technique du « Focus group », réalisée auprès d’une catégorie étudiants universitaires marocains, dans le cadre d’une Master class pédagogique organisée à leur profit. Le débat recueilli lors de la session Questions/Réponses a été retranscrit, puis réparti en thèmes avant d’être analysé par le logiciel NVivo 10.
Mots clés : Management, Education, Crise de Covid-19, Milieux éducatifs, Enseignement à distance, Focus group, Master class
Abstract:
The education sector constitutes a fundamental pillar of states' development. Recently, in 2020, a major health crisis shook educational environments globally, disrupting the smooth operation of teaching and training activities.
Moroccan educational institutions were not spared from the disruptions caused by the Covid-19 crisis. With the onset of this pandemic, public authorities quickly intensified their efforts to manage this unprecedented crisis by imposing several health restrictions: lockdowns, social distancing measures, travel bans, and so on. In education, distance learning became the established mode of instruction to compensate for the closure of educational institutions. However, difficulties were encountered during this crisis period in managing this important national sector.
The objective of this research is to shed light on the Management of Moroccan educational environments during the Covid-19 crisis, while examining how the Moroccan education sector was handled in this exceptional context, in order to derive essential lessons for managing similar crises in the future.
In this article, we conducted empirical research using a qualitative approach based on data collection through the « Focus group » technique, carried out with a group of Moroccan university students during a Pedagogical Master class organized for their benefit. The debate collected during the Q&A session was transcribed, then categorized into themes before being analyzed by the NVivo 10 software.
Keywords: Management, Education, Covid-19 Crisis, Educational Environments, Distance Learning, Focus Group, Master Clas
Patriarchy, Gender Discrimination and Resistance in Buchi Emecheta’s Second Class Citizen (1974) and Kehinde (1994)
No full text30cm ; 50p.As one of the most figures of the Nigerian Literature, Buchi Emecheta displays a vivid portrayal of the bitter realities of certain patriarchal practices in the African culture, which not only thwarted Black women but also hampered them from having a position in the society. This study selected two of her novels, Second Class Citizen (1974) and Kehinde (1994). It discusses issues of patriarchy, gender discrimination and Resistance in both novels. This thesis is based on Alice Walker’s Womanism, developed in her collection of essays In Search Of Our Mothers Garden: Womanist Prose (1983). In this analysis we have tried to show that despite the fact that the two works are twenty years apart, the author is still discusses the same issues that come from her cultural and personal experiences. The author has portrayed the oppression practiced towards women. She has depicted how women are dominated by men in patriarchal societies. Emecheta has also described how these women rebel and seek for independence through the process of education. This study concludes that Emecheta succeeds in using resistant and powerful female character, aiming at identifying the suffering of women as she underlines a strong autobiographical quality of writing her novels. As well as, women as a subject of oppression are always seeking for freedom
RECONNEXION WITH NATURE AND SOLIDARITY, TWO MAJOR KEYS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST CLIMATE CATACLYSM IN C’EST LE MONDE A L’ENVERS BY NICOLAS VANIER
No full textThis study invites us to reflect on our modern lives where the dramatic consequences of global warming are manifesting on a planetary scale: droughts and famines, massive migrations, oil shortages and soaring prices, economic crises and conflicts, etc. . In this novel, the author pushes us to question the absurdity of our production, our dependence on the economy and our mode of consumption. It nevertheless highlights the moral values which make us capable of reaching a livable future. The story takes place at a time when all the social, climate, ecological and migrant crises that were brewing for years suddenly appear conjugate. In short, this is the great collapse. Severe heatwaves are hitting France and making daily life increasingly difficult. The resulting national power outage and fuel shortage are throwing the lives of millions of people into chaos. Among them, a wealthy couple, Stanislas and Sophie and their “eco-friendly” son Jonathan, living in Paris, will undertake a perilous journey by bike to reach the Morvan, where Stanislas had bought a farm some time earlier. When the family arrived at the farm, Patrick, the farmer, refuses to give the land to the Parisians because he did not benefit from the money received from the sale, having no longer any value. However, the two families end up learning to live together with the resources that nature offers them and thus defining the terms of a new lifestyle. This story could come out as anxiety-provoking, the author nevertheless shows confidence in human beings, believing in solidarity and resilience and adaptation. He finally calls for a reconnection between human beings and nature
Do Process-based Systems Support Emergent, Collaborative and Flexible Processes? Comparative Analysis of Current Systems
No full textAbstractAdvanced process-based applications such as crisis and risk management require Emergent, Collaborative and Flexible (ECF) processes. These three features correspond to specific real-world requirements. Firstly, to face unpredictable situations, emergent processes are needed, i.e. processes whose model/schema is (partially) unknown at design-time and gradually defined/refined at run-time. Secondly, the complexity of the application domain being addressed requires collaborative processes, i.e. processes whose definition and enactment require interactions between groups of actors using their skills and experiences to make the process convergence towards their common goal. Thirdly, to adapt to the frequent changes that occur in their operating environment, flexible processes are needed, i.e. processes whose model/schema can be modified in real time. The objective of this paper is to present a literature review to study the state of the art of process-based systems with a focus on the three above mentioned properties. Our approach is to specify real world requirements, then to discuss the adequacy of current systems to these requirements and finally to provide advices for their improvement. Examined systems fall within the following areas: Business Process Management (BPM), Adaptive Case Management (ACM), Computer Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW) and Knowledge Management (KM). The paper concludes on the insufficiency of existing systems and the need for designing and implementing a specific process-based system that integrates these three properties in a coherent framework
Poétique(s) de l'exil et représentations identitaires dans la littérature algérienne. Approches comparatistes
No full textThis thesis is part of a project dealing with comparative study in literature and aiming to investigate, from a multidisciplinary perspective, the concept of exile, its poetics and its relationship with identity representation systems. Expressing exile in literature is a way of displaying a concept specific to the discursive system of each language, as well as a writing strategy specific to each author, derived from his personal experience. In other words, exile is conceived as a feeling and is present for the authors on a linguistic level, giving rise to translation writing as well as to a poetic approach that addresses rhetoric issues. The choice of the corpus is defined by the links that exist between popular melhûn poetry and Algerian novel. It is constituted by the traditional and classical heritage that work together through poetic language, of which poetry and novel are the recipients. This comparative study is all the more relevant, as the selected corpus deals with the myth of space and its symbolic meaning in relation to exile. The aim is to understand the relationships of the exiled with his land, which mark his identity, initially subject to territorial and tribal control, and subsequently opting for transnational spaces induced by various migrations.Ce projet de thèse s’inscrit dans une étude comparative en littérature, sous un angle pluridisciplinaire, pour étudier le concept d’exil, sa poétique et sa relation avec les systèmes de représentations identitaires. Dire l’exil, c’est déployer un concept propre au système discursif que comporte chaque langue et une stratégie d’écriture propre à chaque auteur, procédant de son expérience personnelle. En d’autres termes, l’exil est traité comme un parcours, un sentiment, une destinée linguistique, donnant lieu, dans les romans, à une écriture de traduction, et une démarche poétique abordant par ce bais la rhétorique. Le choix du corpus se définit de par cette passerelle qui existe entre poésie populaire de type melhûn et roman algérien. Elle est constituée par l’héritage traditionnel et classique qui se conjugue à travers le langage poétique, dont la poésie et le roman sont les récipiendaires. Cette étude comparative retiendra particulièrement notre attention, dans la mesure où le corpus choisi construit une mythologie de l'espace, chargée de symboles, dans un surgissement et une mise en scène de composants textuels sémantiques. Il s’agit d’appréhender la relation de l’exilé avec sa terre, marqueur de son identité, soumise, au départ, à l’emprise territoriale et tribale, et qui opte, par la suite, pour des espaces transnationaux, induits par les différentes migrations
Poetic(s) of exile and representations of identities in Algerian literature. Comparative approaches
No full textCe projet de thèse s’inscrit dans une étude comparative en littérature, sous un angle pluridisciplinaire, pour étudier le concept d’exil, sa poétique et sa relation avec les systèmes de représentations identitaires. Dire l’exil, c’est déployer un concept propre au système discursif que comporte chaque langue et une stratégie d’écriture propre à chaque auteur, procédant de son expérience personnelle. En d’autres termes, l’exil est traité comme un parcours, un sentiment, une destinée linguistique, donnant lieu, dans les romans, à une écriture de traduction, et une démarche poétique abordant par ce bais la rhétorique. Le choix du corpus se définit de par cette passerelle qui existe entre poésie populaire de type melhûn et roman algérien. Elle est constituée par l’héritage traditionnel et classique qui se conjugue à travers le langage poétique, dont la poésie et le roman sont les récipiendaires. Cette étude comparative retiendra particulièrement notre attention, dans la mesure où le corpus choisi construit une mythologie de l'espace, chargée de symboles, dans un surgissement et une mise en scène de composants textuels sémantiques. Il s’agit d’appréhender la relation de l’exilé avec sa terre, marqueur de son identité, soumise, au départ, à l’emprise territoriale et tribale, et qui opte, par la suite, pour des espaces transnationaux, induits par les différentes migrations.This thesis is part of a project dealing with comparative study in literature and aiming to investigate, from a multidisciplinary perspective, the concept of exile, its poetics and its relationship with identity representation systems. Expressing exile in literature is a way of displaying a concept specific to the discursive system of each language, as well as a writing strategy specific to each author, derived from his personal experience. In other words, exile is conceived as a feeling and is present for the authors on a linguistic level, giving rise to translation writing as well as to a poetic approach that addresses rhetoric issues. The choice of the corpus is defined by the links that exist between popular melhûn poetry and Algerian novel. It is constituted by the traditional and classical heritage that work together through poetic language, of which poetry and novel are the recipients. This comparative study is all the more relevant, as the selected corpus deals with the myth of space and its symbolic meaning in relation to exile. The aim is to understand the relationships of the exiled with his land, which mark his identity, initially subject to territorial and tribal control, and subsequently opting for transnational spaces induced by various migrations
COVID-19 pandemic and economic impacts in Arab countries: Challenges and policies
No full textThe economy of Arab countries faces an extremely difficult and complex year 2020. The crisis caused by the shock of the Covid-19 alters the production system by a double shock of supply and demand, it is crucial to draw up a first detailed assessment of the ramifications of this crisis, which would make it possible to better pose the challenges of the economic policy for future years, faced with a seemingly heavy economic record. This paper studies the impact of COVID-19 on the economy of Arab countries and more particularly on financial markets in terms of financial fragility as well as commercial services and the monetary and banking sector in terms of worsening poverty. It offers a series of recommendations in the short term to address the critical phase of the crisis and in the long term to make the economy of Arab countries more resilient. Such suggestions consist chiefly in: (i) central banks and Arab monetary institutions must take serious steps to curb the Corona-virus spread by introducing a package of incentive policies, (ii) the central banks and Arab monetary institutions must adopt expansionary monetary policies by lowering monetary interest rates. In this way, the international community must work to strengthen the synergy of efforts and to take joint measures and policies to reduce the Corona-virus consequences
DEPICTING THE MOROCCAN MUSLIM WOMAN'S STRUGGLE AGAINST THE PATRIARCHAL AFRICAN-MUSLIM CONTEXT IN THE POSTCOLONIAL MOROCCO
No full textThis essay aims to show how much Leila Abouzeid, the author of the novel Year of Elephant, has developed her own discursive space in order to express the unspoken and depict the abrupt trauma of postcolonial Morocco from a postcolonial feminist perspective. The concept of "the Future" or "l'Avenir" of Jacques Derrida should unquestionably be implied in the aftermath of postcolonial Morocco. In this setting, Morocco's post-colonial fallout is obvious and predictable. The marriage, education, and administrative institutions have all been severely corrupted. Women who gave their lives in the armed resistance are now abruptly subject to patriarchy, mistreated by customs, and shunned by the law. Through qualitative description, this paper claims that the experiences of women in colonialism are celebrated. Using feminist research, experiences of women from postcolonial Morocco have been voiced and the novel portrays a woman’s spiritual journey, and it is an event of cross-cultural literary history. Published in 1989, Year of the Elephant has had a great impact on promoting Moroccan women’s legal situation in contemporary Morocco. The new millennium has signaled a new phase for women’s legal triumph
DEPICTING THE MOROCCAN MUSLIM WOMAN'S STRUGGLE AGAINST THE PATRIARCHAL AFRICAN-MUSLIM CONTEXT IN THE POSTCOLONIAL MOROCCO
No full textThis essay aims to show how much Leila Abouzeid, the author of the novel Year of Elephant, has developed her own discursive space in order to express the unspoken and depict the abrupt trauma of postcolonial Morocco from a postcolonial feminist perspective. The concept of "the Future" or "l'Avenir" of Jacques Derrida should unquestionably be implied in the aftermath of postcolonial Morocco. In this setting, Morocco's post-colonial fallout is obvious and predictable. The marriage, education, and administrative institutions have all been severely corrupted. Women who gave their lives in the armed resistance are now abruptly subject to patriarchy, mistreated by customs, and shunned by the law. Through qualitative description, this paper claims that the experiences of women in colonialism are celebrated. Using feminist research, experiences of women from postcolonial Morocco have been voiced and the novel portrays a woman’s spiritual journey, and it is an event of cross-cultural literary history. Published in 1989, Year of the Elephant has had a great impact on promoting Moroccan women’s legal situation in contemporary Morocco. The new millennium has signaled a new phase for women’s legal triumph
