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PERGESERAN NILAI BUDAYA PANTANG CERAI PADA MASYARAKAT ADAT LAMPUNG PEPADUN ABUNG SIWO MEGO DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM (Studi di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah)
No full textABSTRAK
Budaya pantang cerai memliki kedudukan yang urgent dalam
menghindari atau mengurangi angka perceraian di wilayah provinsi
Lampung khususnya masyarakat Lampung Abung Siwo Mego. Namun
dengan perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang diiringi
dengan perbauran budaya, tradisi ini tergerus sehingga terdapat perceraian
di kalangan mereka, hal ini didapati banyaknya kasus perceraian pada
masyarakat Lampung Pepadun Abung Siwo Mego.
Permasalahan yang diamati dalam penelitian ini yaitu Apa Faktor�faktor penyebab pergeseran nilai budaya pantang cerai pada Masyarakat
Abung Siwo Mego di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah. Bagaimana Tinjauan
Hukum Keluarga Islam tentang Pergeseran Nilai Budaya Pantang Cerai
pada Masyarakat Abung Siwo Mego di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah.
Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif yaitu metode
menghasilkan data deskriptif. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan
normatif dan sosiologi dengan metode deskriptif. Peneliti menggunakan
pengumpulan data meliputi: observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi.
Berdasarkan temuan lapangan maka kesimpulan dari penelitian ini
adalah Faktor penyebab pergeseran nilai budaya pantang cerai pada
Masyarakat Abung Siwo Mego di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah
disebabkan karena faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal
meliputi kurangnya pengalaman dan pengajaran adat kepada generasi
muda, rendahnya tingkat strata pendidikan pengetahuan dan pengalaman
ajaran agama dan tata krama dalam masyarakat, minimnya pembelajaran
pendidikan tentang masalah adat istiadat dan terdapat masalah dalam
ekonomi. Faktor eksternal meliputi pengangkatan Penyimbang adat saat
ini lebih ke arah status sosial dan ekonomi seseorang, perkembangan
informasi dan komunikasi, seiring berkembangnya teknologi informasi
dan komunikasi, tidak ada lagi batasan bagi masyarakat untuk dapat
mengakses informasi apapun yang mereka inginkan, dan eksistensi hukum
positif dan hukum Islam yang sedikit banyak dapat mendistraksi hukum
adat hukum positif yang berlaku pada masyarakat lebih mengatur
kehidupan masyarakat secara komprehensif, karena pelaksanaannya yang
secara resmi terorganisir. Dampak pergeseran budaya pantang cerai pada
masyarakat Abung Siwo Mego di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah adalah
rendahnya persentase angka perceraian mengurangi kenakalan remaja akibat broken home, menjaga kelestarian norma yang hidup di masyarakat
dengan terwujudnya rumah tangga yang harmonis sakinah mawaddah
warohmah. Tinjauan hukum keluarga Islam tentang pergeseran budaya
pantang cerai pada masyarakat Abung Siwo Mego adat Lampung Pepadun
di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah ini tidak bertentangan dengan norma
agama Islam dan hukum adat juga Undang-Undang Nomor 01 Tahun 1974
Tentang Perkawinan, karena harus tetap mengikuti aturan dalam hukum
Islam juga dalam hukum adat, karena jika budaya pantang cerai pada
masyarakat Abung Siwo Mego di Kabupaten Lampung Tengah tidak
diikuti dengan hukum Islam dan hukum adat yang benar akan
dikhawatirkan terjadinya kesalahan dalam pelaksanaan maupun
penyelesaianya.
Kata Kunci: Budaya Pantang Cerai, Abung Siwo Mego.ABSTRACT
The culture of abstinence from divorce has an urgent position in
avoiding or reducing the divorce rate in the province of Lampung,
especially the people of Lampung Abung Siwo Mego. However, with the
development of science and technology accompanied by cultural mixing,
this tradition was eroded so that there were divorces among them, it was
found that there were many cases of divorce in the people of Lampung
Pepadun Abung Siwo Mego.
The problems observed in this study are what are the factors that
influence the shift in cultural values of abstinence from divorce in the
Abung Siwo Mego community in Central Lampung Regency. What is the
Review of Islamic Family Law regarding the Shift in Cultural Values of
Abstinence from Divorce in the Abung Siwo Mego Community in Central
Lampung Regency. The method used is a qualitative method that is a
method of producing descriptive data. This research also uses normative
and sociological approaches with descriptive methods. Researchers used
data collection including: observation, interviews, and documentation.
Based on field findings, the conclusion of this research is that the
factors causing the shift in cultural values of abstinence from divorce in
the Abung Siwo Mego Community in Central Lampung Regency are
caused by internal and external factors. Internal factors include a lack of
experience and traditional teaching to the younger generation, a low level
of educational level, knowledge and experience of religious teachings and
etiquette in society, minimal educational learning about customary issues
and problems in the economy. External factors include the current
appointment of traditional balancers more towards a person's social and
economic status, no longer seen from seniority, lineage, scholarship,
wisdom, leadership spirit, piety and so on, the development of information
and communication, along with the development of information and
communication technology, no there are more restrictions for people to be
able to access whatever information they want, and the existence of
positive law and Islamic law which can more or less distract from
customary law. Positive law that applies to society regulates people's lives
more comprehensively, because its implementation is officially organized,
has a basis strong law is binding in executing its rules. Review of Islamic
family law regarding the shift in the culture of abstinence from divorce in the Abung Siwo Mego community, the Lampung Pepadun tradition in
Central Lampung Regency, does not conflict with Islamic religious norms
and customary law as well as Law Number 01 of 1974 concerning
Marriage, because you must continue to follow the rules in Islamic law is
also included in customary law, because if the culture of abstaining from
divorce in the Abung Siwo Mego community in Central Lampung Regency
is not followed by correct Islamic law and customary law, there will be
concerns about errors in its implementation and resolution.
Keywords: Abstinence Divorce Culture, Abung Siwo Mego, Traditional
Leaders
ANALISIS PENDAPAT IMAM ABU HANIFAH DAN IMAM SYAFI’I TENTANG KRITERIA SAKSI ADIL DALAM PERKAWINAN
Get PDFABSTRAK
Kehadiran saksi dalam suatu akad nikah adalah sebagai penentu sah tidaknya akad nikah. Jumhur ulama
berpendapat, perkawinan tidak sah tanpa bukti, tidak sah hingga ada saksi yang hadir pada saat
akad nikah meski pemberitahuan pernikahan terlaksana dengan cara lain. Salah satu syarat saksi yang
disebutkan dalam hadis adalah adil. Imam Abu Hanifahdan Imam Syafii berbeda pendapat mengenai
penentuan dan kriteria saksi adil dalam perkawinan. Imam Abu Hanifah mengatakan seorang saksi tidak
harus adil sedangkan Imam Syafii mengatakan perkawinan tidak sah bila tidak di hadiri dua orang
saksi yang adil. Berpijak dari latar belakang tersebut, dalam skripsi ini penulis tertarik membahas
pendapat Imam Abu Hanifah dan Imam Syafii mengenai kriteria saksi adil dalam perkawinan dan
istinbath hukum yang digunakan kedua Imam dalam menetapkan kriteria adil bagi saksi.Penelitian ini
merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Untuk memperoleh data-data yang dipaparkan
dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan data sekunder yaitu buku-buku, kitab- kitab, dan
literatur-literatur kedua Imam yang terkait dalam penelitian. Setelah data data tersebut terkumpul,
lalu disusun, dijelaskan, kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan analisis
komparatif, yaitu membandingkan antara pendapat Imam Abu Hanifah dan pendapat Imam_Syafi‟i.Hasil
penelitian menyimpulkan, menurut Imam Abu Hanifah seorang saksi tidak harus adil, saksi yang fasik
pun dapat menjadi saksi, karena pada dasarnya semua muslim adil, karena apabila ingin menilai
keadilan sesorang cukup dilihat dari sisi lahiriahnya. Sedangkan menurut Imam Syafii pernikahan
tidak sah tanpa menghadirkan dua orang saksi yang adil. Menurut beliau kriteria adil bagi saksi
yakni orang yang salih, orang yang menjauhi dosa besar dan kecil, orang yang dapat menahan
amarahnya, dan yang dapat menjaga muru’ah (kehormatan diri). Istinbath hukum yang digunakan Imam
Abu Hanifah dalam menentukan krieria adil bagi saksi berdasarkan dalil Al-Quran Surah Al-Hujurat
Ayat 6 yang menyebutkan bahwa Allah SWT tidak memerintahkan untuk menolak ucapan orang fasik secara
mutlak, sesungguhnya Allah hanya memerintahkan pemeriksaan selektif terhadanya. Dan Hadis riwayat
Ibnu Abi Syaibah yang menyatakan semua orang muslim adil. Imam Syafi‟i mengistibathkan hukum dalam
menentukan kriteria adil bagi saksi berdasarkan dalil Al-Quran surah At-Talaaq ayat 2yang
menyebutkan bahwa persaksian harus disaksikan dengan dua orang saksi yang adil dan hadis yang
diriwayatkan oleh Ad-Daruqutni
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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