1,720,971 research outputs found
Autotomy: An Important Tool in Spiders to Avoid Life Threatening Situations
No full textIn the present study autotomy was induced in pholcid and lynx spiders. We recorded self amputation in only 13.45% house spiders compared to 42.5% in lynx spiders. Highest self-amputation rate in house spiders was observed in leg II (21%). However, lynx spiders showed 60% self-amputation in leg II. Almost 89% house spiders removed their legs when stretched from femur. However, lynx spiders (90%) automize their leg when stretched from metatarsus. For both group of spiders self amputation was higher in adult and between coxa and trochanter. It is confirmed from the study that self amputation is an important phenomenon in spiders to protect themselves in life-threatening situations
Utilization of health needs assessment survey for delivering health education by medical students in community based education program at Shifa College of Medicine
No full textBackground: Health Needs Assessment (HNA) is a recommended public health tool to plan for community health services. In order to look into the status of a community’s health, elements of Primary Health Care needs to be assessed. Community Based Education (CBE) is in practice at Shifa College of Medicine (SCM), Islamabad as part of 4th year Community and Family Medicine Clerkship. As narrated by Magzoub, there are 3 classes of CBE. Among the service oriented programs there is community development and health interventions. With an aim to improve health care delivery at Nurpur Shahan through CBE, a Primary Health Care Centre in collaboration with Rotary and SCM is in place. Objectives: 1. To determine the health needs of Nurpur Shahan community based on elements of PHC 2. To assess students performance regarding deliverance of heath education to the community at the Primary Health Care Centre.
Methods: A Cross Sectional Survey for the HNA was carried out at Nurpur Shahan after taking approval from the Institutional Review Board of Shifa Tameer –e- Millat University. For this purpose Muslim Colony with a registered population of 3,500 adjacent to Rotary Clinic was selected for data collection. This was surveyed by 4th year Medical students while they were attending Community & Family Medicine (CFM) clerkship. This project is spread over a period of one year through the entire CFM clerkship of 5 batches, so far one clerkship has undergone this project. Questionnaire designed for this study has been divided into 9 sections questions regarding Demography and Elements of PHC .A sample size of 500 was calculated using WHO sample size calculator keeping an arbitrary figure of 50% for the health needs; absolute precision required 4.5%, level of significance 95%. As such data of 100 households per clerkship was collected, thus achieving a sample size of 500 at the end of 5 clerkships. Households were approached through community based workers through simple random sampling. Survey was carried out by interviewing the house hold lady after taking informed consent with the help of a questionnaire which was translated into Urdu after validating through pilot testing. Following collection of data, students entered the data in SPSS and performed data analysis under supervision to identify the health needs. Two days student led interactive sessions were then conducted for the community members from whom data collection was done through interactive session at Rotary clinic. Students’ performance regarding the HNA survey performance was assessed through checklist, which has been adapted from WHO report on Community-based Education of Health Personnel 1987. • Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 19.0. Descriptive statistics were calculated for both Qualitative and Quantitative variables. For qualitative variables, frequency and percentage were calculated. For quantitative variables, mean ± SD were calculated.
Results: Out of a total of 100 households surveyed in one clerkship, the most common health needs identified included: non-availability of safe drinking water 80.76%, solid waste disposal by throwing away in open 76%, oro-dental health problems in 48%, smoking in 48%, antenatal visits less than 4 in 43%, , Hypertension in 43%, Tuberculosis in 25% , physical disability in 30%, contraception use among couples in 29%, incomplete immunization in 15% under 1 year of age Out of 20 students in one clerkship, 8 performed satisfactory while 2 scored excellent on the health education.
Conclusions: Identification of health needs through community based survey by the students of CFM would help to provide targeted services at the PHC. Moreover, deliverance of health education by the students helped to build their confidence and improve their communication skills by interacting with community. This project can be utilized to achieve the CANMED’s competencies in undergraduates.
Key words: HNA, Health Education, PHC, CB
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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