1,354,320 research outputs found
CYP2D6 genotyping by a multiplex primer extension reaction
No full textwe designed a cost-effective and technically
feasible CYP2D6 genotyping technique through a
2-step assay that provides a straightforward interpretation of results. It allows detection of 11 of the most relevant polymorphic positions, the assessment of wholegene deletion and duplication, and unlike most available typing methods, the allele composition of the gene duplication
International collaboration in mass disasters involving foreign nationals within the EU : medico-legal investigations of Finnish victims of the Milan Linate airport SAS SK 686 aircraft accident on 8 October 2001
No full textIdentification of and investigation into the cause of death of foreign nationals in mass disasters are generally conducted according to the jurisdiction of the country in which the disaster occurs. However, such identification can be achieved only through co-operation with the authorities of the victims' countries of residence. On October 8th 2001 at Linate airport in Milan, Italy, an MD87 SAS airplane with 110 crew members and passengers on board collided on the ground with a Cessna Citation II jet with 2 pilots and 2 passengers. The plane then caught fire after having crashed into an airport baggage hangar causing the death of 4 other victims among the groundstaff. The accident claimed a total of 118 victims of 9 nationalities. Based on our experience from investigation of the Finnish victims, we explore how current national legislations of the EU member states and varying compliance with existing recommendations may influence the medico-legal investigation of a mass disaster. Legislative measures and further harmonisation of medico-legal procedures in connection with mass disasters within the EU are needed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
The Thursday Murder Club: Launching a megabrand author - a publishing case study
No full textIn 2020, the Christmas book charts in the UK made headlines: Barack Obama’s eagerly awaited autobiography, The Promised Land, was beaten to the top spot by The Thursday Murder Club by Richard Osman, a debut cosy crime novel set in a retirement village. Not only did Osman’s book beat the former US president’s expected bestseller, it also broke records, becoming the fastest-selling debut crime novel of all time. Although Osman has a certain level of fame in the UK from his TV appearances on shows such as Pointless, his celebrity status does not entirely explain the novel’s huge sales. This article tracks the acquisition, publication, and promotion journey of The Thursday Murder Club in order to understand the industry and cultural context of its success and to interrogate the role of celebrity in the creation of author brands. The findings suggest that the unexpected scale of the success of the book owed to a number of factors, including in-depth editing by the novel’s agent, editor, and author to tighten up the plot, an extensive and strategic promotional campaign, the pandemic (which drove interest in the book’s genre and themes), and the quality of the writing. We find that the book’s success was accentuated by Osman’s celebrity status rather than being entirely reliant on it. This research adds to the growing scholarship on celebrity authorship by means of an in-depth case study and provides insight into the processes behind publishing a ‘celebrity’ book and launching a megabrand author
Pharmacogenetic variation at CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 at global and micro-geographic scales
No full textObjectives
CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 belong to a subfamily of cytochrome P450 (CYP)
enzymes, associated mainly with the metabolism of exogenous compounds in the human
body. The genes coding for these enzymes are highly polymorphic and thus of major
pharmacogenetic importance. By systematically retrieving data from the literature and
genotyping new population samples, we aimed at describing the worldwide distribution
of genetic variation at these loci. We created a comprehensive resource of frequency data
for the most important CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6 genetic variants in 129, 146,
and 55 different population samples, respectively. Furthermore, we showed how
demographic history can affect pharmacogenetic variation at a micro-geographic scale by
analysing regional samples from Finland, which represents a well-known genetic isolate.
Methods
Data were obtained from the literature from 1991 to 2007 as well as by genotyping new
population samples at four CYP2C9, two CYP2C19 and twelve CYP2D6 variable sites
affecting enzymatic activity.
Results and conclusions
Our study shows that: (i) altered activity variants of CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP2D6
occur globally in all geographic regions, reaching extremely high frequencies in some
populations; (ii) each of the CYP genes studied shows a distinct geographic pattern of
variation; (iii) population substructure can strongly affect the variation seen in 3 pharmacogenetic loci; and (iv) several geographic regions of pharmacogenetic interest are still poorly characterized
CYP2D6 worldwide genetic variation shows high frequency of altered activity variants and no continental structures
No full textBackground and objective CYP2D6, a member of the
cytochrome P450 superfamily, is responsible for the
metabolism of about 25% of the commonly prescribed
drugs. Its activity ranges from complete deficiency to
excessive activity, potentially causing toxicity of medication
or therapeutic failure with recommended drug dosages.
This study aimed to describe the CYP2D6 diversity at the
global level.
Methods A total of 1060 individuals belonging to 52
worldwide-distributed populations were genotyped at
12 highly informative variable sites, as well as for gene
deletion and duplications. Phenotypes were predicted on
the basis of haplotype combinations.
Results and conclusions Our study shows that (i)
CYP2D6 diversity is far greater within than between
populations and groups thereof, (ii) null or low-activity
variants occur at high frequencies in various areas of the
world, (iii) linkage disequilibrium is lowest in Africa and
highest in the Americas. Patterns of variation, within
and among populations, are similar to those observed for
other autosomal markers (e.g. microsatellites and protein
polymorphisms), suggesting that the diversity observed
at the CYP2D6 locus reflects the same factors affecting
variation at random genome markers
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