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Art zamanlı kentsel morfoloji: Ait Ben Haddou'nun oluşum süreci, Fas.
No full textThis study focuses on the Ksar (Ighrem) Ait Ben Haddou as an outstanding example of a well-preserved earth settlement in southern Morocco. The fortified town is located in a semi-desert basin within the Draa region and stands on the side of a hill constructed primarily of rammed earth. The site was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987, indicating that the oldest constructions do not date before the 17th century. However, the fortified town conveys ancient construction materials and techniques. Interestingly, Al-Wazzan [1, p. 194], mentions the existence of fortified castles along the Drâa valley in the 15th century. In this respect, the research explores the formation process of Ait Benhaddou by comparing available fragmentary historical data through geographers' and travelers' records and oral history with the results of the typo-morphological analysis based on the Caniggian school of thought. The application of the Caniggian theoretical framework demonstrates the role of urban attractors in forging the urban tissue and the urban grid, and the results reveal that the village originated from the hilltop and gradually expanded downhill from east to west (valley). The typo-morphological study explains a transformation of the urban pattern assisted by the development of building types following the growth direction while maintaining the notion of enclosure. Furthermore, the inspection of social, religious, economic, and commercial local attributes offered valuable insights into the logic of urban growth and the building form as an outcome of local contextual factors that characterize the village in its territory.Bu çalışma, Güney Fas'ta iyi korunmuş bir toprak yerleşiminin olağanüstü bir örneği olarak Ksar (Ighrem) Ait Ben Haddou'ya odaklanmaktadır. Müstahkem kasaba, Draa bölgesindeki yarı çöl bir havzada yer alır ve sıkıştırılmış topraktan inşa edilmiş bir tepenin kenarında durur. Alan, 1987'de UNESCO Dünya Mirası Listesi'ne kaydedildi, bu da en eski yapıların 17. yüzyıldan önce tarihlenmediğini gösteriyor. Ancak müstahkem kasaba kadim inşaat malzemelerini ve tekniklerini taşıyor. İlginçtir ki, Al-Wazzan, 15. yüzyılda Drâa vadisi boyunca müstahkem kalelerin varlığından bahsediyor [1, p. 194]. Bu bağlamda araştırma, Ait Benhaddou'nun oluşum sürecini, coğrafyacıların ve gezginlerin kayıtları ve sözlü tarih aracılığıyla mevcut parçalı tarihsel verileri Caniggian düşünce okuluna dayalı tipo-morfolojik analizin sonuçlarıyla karşılaştırarak araştırıyor. Caniggian teorik çerçevesinin uygulanması, kentsel dokuyu ve kentselleşme ağının yapımında kentsel çekicilerinin rolünü gösteriyor. Sonuçlar, köyün tepesinden kaynaklandığını ve yavaş yavaş yokuş aşağı doğudan batıya (vadi) genişlediğini ortaya koyuyor. Tipo-morfolojik çalışma, kentsel modelin değişimini, bina türlerinin büyüme yönünü izlerken, kapsama kavramını koruyarak gelişmesi yardımıyla açıklanmıştır. Ayrıca, sosyal, dini, ekonomik ve ticari yerel özelliklerin incelenmesi, bölgeyi karakterize eden yerel bağlam faktörlerinin bir sonucu olarak kentsel büyümenin mantığı ve bina şekli hakkında değerli fikirler sundu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Diachronic urban morphology: The formation process of Ait Ben Haddou, Morocco
No full textThis research focuses on the Ksar (Ighrem) Ait Ben Haddou, an outstanding example
of well-preserved settlement in Southern Morocco. This fortified town is located in a semi-desert basin near the city of Ouarzazate, on the side of a hill, and is constructed mainly using local materials. The village is formed by an ensemble of residential building aggregates, which present different characters in terms of their architectural style. In 1987, the settlement was inscribed in the UNESCO’s World Heritage list, and several researches indicated that the oldest constructions in Ait Ben Haddou do not date before the 17th century, although the building techniques used in the South Morocco region have existed and survived for centuries, as reported by Al-Wazzan (2005), he mentions the existence of Kasbahs in the 15th century along the Drâa valley. That being the case, we aim to investigate the formation process of the settlement by comparing the data provided by the fragmentary historical sources and the results of a typo-morphological analysis, extended to the urban organisms and the surrounding territory. The research will correlate chronologically the historical events and the urban form, by building the typological process of the different types, houses and Kasbahs, as a tool to comprehend the built environment. Finally, we will present the diachronic evolution indicating the formation process of Ighrem Ait Ben Haddou, and explain the economic, social and political factors determining the formation process of the settlement of Ait Ben Haddou
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Télécollaboration et enseignement des langues étrangères: réflexion sur son application en contexte universitaire algérien
Get PDFCette contribution se veut une réflexion sur la télécollaboration en contexte universitaire algérien. Elle a pour objectif de voir à quel point la télécollaboration peut fournir un espace d’échange authentique permettant de mettre en relation des apprenants de langues étrangères issus de différentes cultures et de sphères géographiques éloignées. Nous visons, à travers cette étude par questionnaire à identifier des particularités de la situation de communication réelle qui ne peuvent pas être fournies dans une communication numérique en ligne. Pour ce faire, nous avons recouru à Google Forms pour l’administration du questionnaire en ligne sur les réseaux sociaux, en l’occurrence les groupes Facebook des étudiants. Ce questionnaire s’adresse aux étudiants de langues étrangères (tous niveaux confondus) de deux universités : l’université Lounici Ali –Blida2- (Algérie) et l’université de Saida Dr. Moulay Tahar (Algérie). Cette contribution se veut une réflexion sur la télécollaboration en contexte universitaire algérien. Elle a pour objectif de voir à quel point la télécollaboration peut fournir un espace d’échange authentique permettant de mettre en relation des apprenants de langues étrangères issus de différentes cultures et de sphères géographiques éloignées. Nous visons à travers cette étude par questionnaire à identifier des particularités de la situation de communication réelle qui ne peuvent pas être fournies dans une communication numérique en ligne. Pour ce faire, nous avons recouru à Google Forms pour l’administration du questionnaire en ligne sur les réseaux sociaux, en l’occurrence les groupes Facebook des étudiants. Ce questionnaire s’adresse aux étudiants de langues étrangères (tous niveaux confondus) de deux universités : l’université Lounici Ali –Blida2- (Algérie) et l’université de Saida Dr. Moulay Tahar (Algérie). 
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