1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Implementing parallel processing for DSSAT
Full text linkThere is a recognized need for implementing parallel computing within simulation models. Recently, there has been renewed interest in improving legacy models and their improvement in terms of hardware usage. Several studies have documented applications of environmental models using server, super- and high-performance computer frameworks. They showed that both the implementation process and the results of such simulation had potential to sharpen and to better understand biophysical processes. Nevertheless, parallelization has received limited attention in the development of the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) modeling system. For the past decades, DSSAT development has been largely focused on extending the list of crop models for various crops, development of additional tools and improvement of the existing ones for its operational tasks (e.g., calibration) and better compatibility with different operating systems (OS). We addressed this gap by proposing a non-invasive method to be implemented with DSSAT that allows simulations to be run in parallel on a Windows OS. The simulation benchmark presented here confirms that there is significant decrease in execution time when splitting runs to multithreaded workload
Advances in SAR-Based Soil Moisture Retrieval Techniques, Applications, and Challenges
Full text linkSynthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) remote sensing has emerged as a promising tool for soil moisture monitoring, due to its ability to penetrate clouds and measure the moisture content of the soil surface. In recent years, a wide range of SAR-based soil moisture retrieval techniques have been developed, from empirical regression models to physically-based models that incorporate surface roughness and vegetation effects. This review paper provides an overview of the latest advances in SAR-based soil moisture retrieval, covering the different techniques and algorithms that have been proposed, as well as the applications and challenges associated with the use of SAR data for soil moisture monitoring and management. The paper also discusses the limitations and uncertainties of SAR-based soil moisture retrieval, and provides recommendations for future research directions. Overall, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the state-of-the-art in SAR-based soil moisture retrieval, and to highlight the potential benefits and limitations of this approach for soil moisture monitoring and management
Integrated crop-hydrologic Modelling: Methods, frameworks and communities of coupling
Full text linkThe core of agro-hydrologic research area is a multi-paradigms subject (i.e.: food security, climate variability, resources conservation, etc.). In order to make progress in understanding these dynamic structures, coupled models are becoming valuable instruments. They result from the sharing of data or processes within a determined system between individual models. However, there are no universal guidelines for coupling models, and the studies available in the literature are either study-case dependent or programmer-oriented guides. The objective of the present work is to providing an overview of the current coupling methodologies that are applicable for modeling of agro-hydrologic systems, as well as their communities of work
Durum Wheat Cover Analysis in the Scope of Policy and Market Price Changes: A Case Study in Southern Italy
No full textAgricultural land systems are the result of human interactions with the natural environment, and subjective evidence of socio‐economic and environmental interactions has been demonstrated. Nevertheless, it is still difficult to analyze empirically the link between agricultural market and policy, as well as the environmental response due to changes in crop management by local stakeholders. In this study, we propose a cross investigation and analysis to bring the link between vegetation cover, policy, market and farmer's behavior to light. Our methodology is a combination of a rational positive and analogical approach between the quantifiable and non‐quantifiable agents on a temporal basis. The method is applied to a dominant mono‐crop agricultural watershed in Southern Italy that has been dedicated to durum wheat cultivation. In this region, we studied the relationship between the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), durum wheat market price, vegetation cover and land allocation. As a first step, we conducted a separate analysis for each factor, exploiting Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite observed Leaf Area Index (LAI) to analyze the land vegetation space–time distribution over the period 2000–2014 and three Land Satellite (Landsat) validated images as check‐points for the agricultural pattern and CAP's reforms
Water runoff harvesting systems for restoration of degraded rangelands: A review of challenges and opportunities
Full text linkMismanagement of rangelands worldwide has accelerated processes of overland flow and soil erosion, resulting in extensive land degradation. Wherever self-restoration processes of degraded rangelands are hindered or negated, active recovery efforts, coupled with livestock pressure management, might be needed. The objective of this review paper is to provide land managers and environmental planners with applied and practical knowledge on advantages and disadvantages of the main methodologies and practices for runoff harvesting in rangelands. Preferably, restoration efforts should focus on forming low-footprint runoff harvesting systems on hillslopes which encompass the runoff’s source area. These systems should imitate natural patchiness, strengthening source-sink relations, accelerating re-establishment of herbaceous and woody vegetation, maximizing the retaining of water on hillslopes, regulating hydrological connectivity, lessening soil erosion, and minimizing transmission of water to stream channels. The resulting lower-energy floods are expected to negate the need for massive check dams in channels. If flood dissipation in streams is still necessary, then high-to medium-porosity check dams, made of local materials, might be effective for lessening scour processes and sediment transport. Furthermore, in terms of environmental sustainability, a large number of pointed (e.g., branch bundles; brush or woody piles; micro-catchments) or low-to medium-footprint lineal means for regulating surface processes in hillslopes (e.g., stone terraces; contour furrows/trenches/ditches) and channels (e.g., log check dams; loose rock check dams; porous or semi-permeable rock check dams; gabions) are expected to be more cost-effective than a small number of massive means (e.g., contour bench terraces; earth bunds/dykes; concrete check dams)
AI-Powered Gene-Based Crop Modelling: Advancements and Future Directions
Full text linkGene-based crop modelling is a rapidly evolving field that uses genetic data to improve crop breeding and management. The recent integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in gene-based crop modeling has enabled researchers to analyze large amounts of genetic data and identify patterns that are difficult for humans to detect. In this article review, we explore the current state of AI-powered gene-based crop modeling and its applications in crop breeding and management. We also discuss the challenges and limitations of this approach, as well as future directions for the field. Overall, the use of AI in gene-based crop modeling has the potential to revolutionize the way we approach crop breeding and management, leading to more efficient and sustainable agricultural practices
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