1,720,971 research outputs found
Performance d'impresa e responsabilità sociale
No full textNegli ultimi due decenni nei paesi OCSE si è assistito alla proliferazione di imprese qualificate come Responsabili Socialmente (CSR acronimo di Corporate Social Responsability). Tale certificazione viene attribuita da enti terzi ed attesta la correttezza comportamentale per l'impresa sia nell'ambito ecologico che in quello prettamente lavorativo. Alcuni lavori in letteratura (fra gli altri Preston e O'Bannon, 1997; Waddock e Graves, 1997; McWilliams e Sieger, 2001; Ullman, 1985) hanno cercato di verificare, se le imprese CSR risultano essere più virtuose rispetto a quelle non certificate. Il risultato che ne è emerso è l'assenza di una risposta univoca al riguardo. Tale ambiguità scaturisce da analisi principalmente di carattere statico e dal dilemma se siano più significativi, per la performance d'impresa, i costi da sostenere per il rispetto dei criteri di certificazione oppure l'incremento di vendite dovuto ad un effetto reputazione. Il presente lavoro vuole testare, dopo aver preventivamente effettuato un approfondito excursus della letteratura, ed utilizzando analisi panel, se taluni indicatori di performance d'impresa siano influenzati dall'appartenenza o meno al gruppo delle imprese responsabilmente certificate. Le novità del presente deriva dall'analisi dinamica del fenomeno e dalla costruzione di un indice di certificazione che consideri l'intersezione di 2 dei 3 principali indici internazionali (Domini 400 Social Index, Dow Jones Sustainability World Index, FTSE4Good Index), al fine di dare oggettività alla certificazione considerata e di avere un campione il più rappresentativo possibile. I risultati del presente lavoro sembrano surrogare la tesi secondo la quale l'appartenenza al gruppo di imprese certificate, migliori la performance d'impresa di lungo periodo poiché, pur comportando costi nel breve periodo, permettono di garantire futuri ricavi e ciò potrebbe derivare da molteplici fattori, quali l'effetto reputazione, la riduzione di costi futuri, l'incremento di vendite in nuove nicchie di mercato
La CSR paga?
No full textNegli ultimi due decenni, nei paesi Ocse un numero crescente di imprese sono state certificate come socialmente responsabili (CSR è l'acronimo di Corporate Social Responsibility). Questo tipo di certificazione è assegnato da società private che garantiscono che il comportamento di una ditta sia corretto da un punto di vista ambientale e sociale. La letteratura economica sta studiando i principali fattori di spinta verso la certificazione e, in particolare, si sta cercando di verificare se vi è un collegamento tra la certificazione di responsabilità sociale e la performance delle imprese. I risultati sono ambigui e sembrano sostenere l'idea che le imprese CSR siano più virtuose, con una migliore performance nel lungo periodo: esse sostengono parte dei costi iniziali, ma ottengo un aumento delle vendite e dei profitti dovuto a diverse cause: un effetto reputazione, una riduzione dei costi di investimento di lungo periodo, aumentando così la domanda di divenire socialmente responsabili
Does corporate social responsibility affect the performance of firms?
No full textOver the last two decades in OECD countries increasingly more firms are certifying as Socially Responsible (CSR is the acronym for Corporate Social Responsibility). This kind of certification is assigned by private companies that guarantee that a certain firm's behaviour is environmentally and sociologically correct. Some papers (including Preston and O'Bannon, 1997; Waddock and Graves, 1997; McWilliams and Sieger, 2001; Ullman, 1985) tried to establish if there exists a link between Social Responsibility certification and the performance of firms. Their results were ambiguous and did not show any common connection. This ambiguity depends mainly on the static nature of their analyses and on the problem of whether performance is affected more by certification costs or by increasing sales due to an effect on reputation. Our work would like to discover whether certain performance indicators are affected by a firm's social responsible behaviour and their certifications by looking at panel data. The novelty of our analysis is due to its dynamic aspect and from a CSR index that intersects two of the three main international indices (Domini 400 Social Index, Dow Jones Sustainability World Index, FTSE4Good Index), to be objective and obtain a representative sample. The main results seem to support the idea that CSR firms which are more virtuous, have better long run performance. They have some initial costs but obtain higher sales and profits due to several causes reputation effect, a reduction of long run costs and increased social responsible demand
Learning by Doing vs. Learning by Researching in a Model for Climate Policy Analysis
No full textMost of the predictions and conclusions in the climate change literature have been made and drawn on the basis of theoretical analyses and quantitative models that assume exogenous technological change. How do these predictions and conclusions change if we endogenize technical progress? In this paper we consider two different drivers of technological change-Research and Development (R&D) and Learning-by-Doing (LbD)-and we embed them into the popular Nordhaus and Yang's RICE model. We then use the corresponding two model versions to simulate different policy scenarios and compare the results focusing on consumption, physical capital, emissions abatement rates, and R&D expenditures. Our findings suggest that R&D-driven and LbD-driven technologies lead to quite similar dynamic patterns of the relevant variables we analyze. However, the greater flexibility enjoyed by agents who are able to optimally choose R&D expenditures seems to imply more welfare relative to the LbD case
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area and the Promotion of a Nexus Approach
No full textThe Sustainable Development Goals call for actions to promote prosperity while protecting the planet and its communities. To that end, an holistic approach is needed. The water–energy–food (WEF) nexus lends itself to behave both as a means of addressing sectoral interdependencies in the management of natural resources and as an approach for implementing the United Nations 2030 Agenda. The concept behind the water–energy–food nexus emerges from the recognition of the synergies and interlinkages of different resource spheres, thus becoming directly relevant also for resource governance and sustainable development. This contribution aims to spotlight the existing interdependencies among the three WEF nexus pillars, while emphasizing the fundamental relationship among the latter and the Goals of the 2030 Agenda. The WEF nexus provides a useful framework for guiding multistakeholder interactions in the food systems, avoiding competition for WEF resources among various users and uses. The case of the Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area and in its role in promoting a nexus approach are described
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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