1,720,965 research outputs found
Conclusion: The Influence of European Governance on Adult Education Markets
No full textThis chapter clarifies why adult education is the most complex segment of lifelong learning markets on which policy can intervene, thus the difficulty of regulating it within multi-level governance systems like the European Union (EU). Summarising the main results of the empirical studies presented in this volume, this chapter argues that regulatory politics and wealth redistribution are central for the EU to influence national lifelong learning markets through strategic policy coordination. Although the evidence brought together point to a hybrid compensation-comprehensive strategy affecting the development of (at least some segments of) national lifelong learning markets, the chapter concludes that more research is needed on the effects of particular governance mechanisms and policy instruments to fully appreciate how EU institutions contribute to lifelong learning markets development
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The European Semester: How Does It Work? Why Does It Matter?
No full textThis chapter focuses on the European Semester and its yearly cycle of policy coordination of fiscal and macroeconomic policies within the European Union (EU). It traces the shifts that occurred through the first codification of the European Semester in 2011, and up to 2018, from softer to more binding procedures, which set the EU agenda well beyond macroeconomic and fiscal policy. Focusing on the European Semester’s pushing and pulling mechanisms, the chapter argues these have spillover effects also on Europe’s lifelong learning markets
Education and Training 2020
No full textThis chapter focuses on Education and Training 2020 (ET 2020), a significant European policy framework that provides an integrated approach to education and training. The chapter identifies the main governance mechanisms and policy instruments used by the European Union (EU) institutions within ET 2020 that lead to increased domestic policy adaptation. It traces the development of the European policy objectives in the area of education and training and the transformation of governance ‘instrumentation’ that has been increasingly used to achieve policy coordination and domestic adaptation in the member states. Focusing on the structures and policy collaboration within the ET 2020 working groups, and peer-learning activities, the chapter identifies how these groups contribute to domestic adaptation through the mechanisms of standard-setting and elite-learning
The Renewed European Agenda on Adult Learning
No full textThis chapter focuses on the Renewed European Agenda on Adult Learning and elucidates the three substantive authoritative functions (i.e. legal, epistemic and procedural) it performs to ease European governance in the adult education policy domain. It traces the development of the European policy objectives in the area of adult learning and the ‘instrumentation’ used to achieve policy coordination and domestic adaptation in the member states. Focusing on the main governance mechanisms and policy instruments used by the European Union (EU) institutions within the Renewed Agenda, the chapter identifies the EU regulatory politics and its wealth redistributive capacity as the two distinctive qualities that differentiate European from global governance in the adult education domain
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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