1,721,131 research outputs found
Optimization of the preselection algorithm for travel-time data inversion
No full textSeismic tomography based on body-wave travel-time inversion involves the solution of unstable problems in many applications, where the instabilities are chiefly due to the ill-conditioned mathematical operators that must be inverted in order to compute the wave-velocity fields. In problems where the region under study is discretized into cells with uniform velocity, an efficient way to mitigate the instabilities was proven to be an appropriate preselection of the seismic rays. In this paper an enhanced version of the preselection algorithm is given which essentially makes the selection procedure faster and more efficient
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Neoplasie testa-collo e cure palliative, sintomi e qualità di vita.revisione della letteratura
No full textHead-neck neoplasms are the fifth most common
cancer. Head-neck patients are particularly exposed
to quality of life impairment due to the central anatomical-
functional role of this region in primary functions such
as breathing, swallowing and phonation. Many patients
are already at an advanced stage of the disease at the
time of diagnosis and their prognosis remains unfavourable
despite new treatment options. They face daily with
multiple and simultaneous symptoms. In 20% of cases
the average survival is only 5 months, making it appropriate
to take charge early for the important need of palliative
care. The aim of this review is to deepen the knowledge
concerning the neoplasms of the head-neck district,
with particular reference to the symptoms and quality of
life of people in advanced stage and in palliative care.
The literature review was performed through CINAHL,
Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus
and Web of Science. The research identified 9 studies
that met the inclusion criteria. The results of the studies
showed the prevalent symptoms of dyspnea, fatigue,
nutrition and oral problems, pain, insomnia, anxiety and
depression. Oral nutrition could be compromised, producing
weight loss and malnutrition. In such a condition,
the enteral route could be necessary. The impact of the
symptoms was greater for those who could not maintain
adequate nutrition and was a predictor of reduced food
intake, weight loss and survival. Malnutrition influenced
the performance status and quality of life which seemed
to remain unchanged as the end of life approached. Mucositis,
dysphagia and xerostomia had a strong association.
Dysphagia was related to dysphonia. A worsening
of emotional distress was shown in relation to the female
gender and the tumor site. Head-neck cancer had
a strong impact on the quality of life. Patients considere
dyspnea, dysphonia, mobility problems, anger and weakness
as the most important issues. Earlier interventions
could allow a partial and temporary improvement of
quality of life compatible with the patient’s conditions.
Nursing care involves multidimensional assessment and
an early individualized, symptom-driven and needs-oriented
approach
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Tsunami generation in Stromboli island and impact on the south-east Tyrrhenian coasts
No full textStromboli is one of the most active volcanoes in the Aeolian island arc in south Tyrrhenian sea, Italy. In the last 100 years the most relevant volcanic eruptions have been accompanied by local tsunamis, that have caused damage and casualties. In some cases the direct mechanism of local tsunami generation is clear, i.e. pyroclastic flows entering the sea. In some others it is uncertain and some speculation concerning the collapse of the eruptive column on the sea surface or the failure of some underwater mass can be made. But the ordinary activity is unlikely to generate large regional tsunamis. These can be produced by the lateral collapse of the volcanic cone that geomorphological and volcanological investigations have proven to have occurred repeatedly in the recent history of the volcano, with return period in the order of some thousands of years. The last episode is dated to less than 5 ka BP, and left the Sciara del Fuoco scar on the north-west flank of Stromboli. Based on previous studies, the possible collapse of the north-western sector of Stromboli and the consequent generation and propagation of a tsunami are explored. The impact on Stromboli and on the other islands of the Aeolian archipelago is estimated, as well as the impact on the coast of Sicily and the Tyrrhenian coasts of Calabria. The simulation is carried out by means of a double model: a Lagrangian block model to compute the motion of the collapsing mass, and a finite-element hydrodynamic model to compute the evolution of the tsunami. Two distinct tsunami simulations are carried out, one on a very fine grid around the source region to evaluate the tsunami near Stromboli, and one utilising a coarser grid covering the whole south-east Tyrrhenian sea to compute the tsunami propagation toward Sicily and Calabria. It is found that a huge-volume collapse of the northwestern flank of the Stromboli cone is capable of producing a regional tsunami which is catastrophic at the source and devastating on long stretches of Tyrrhenian coasts, but particularly in the neighbouring islands of Panarea and Salina, and along the Calabria coasts around Capo Vaticano. © European Geoscience Union 2003
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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