47 research outputs found
Biochemical and histological alterations induced by UV-328 in the gill tissue of Zebra fish (Danio rerio) and its reversal by Dimethoxy curcumin: Amelioration of UV-328 induced respirotoxicity by DiMC
No full textThe presence of Benzotriazole UV Stabilizer-328 (UV-328) in different biological and natural systems is of fast, regular concern in recent days due to their exuberant use in sunscreens. To learn more about its role of oxidative damage in the gills and to uncover the protective nature of DiMC, we evaluated its sub-lethal toxicity in Zebra fish gill tissue and also evaluated the potential defensive role of Dimethoxy curcumin (DiMC). Grown-up Zebra fish were exposed to 55 µg/L of UV-328 and 50mg/kg of DiMC for four weeks. After the completion of 28 days, gill tissues were dissected out and assessed for their response to oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes status, and histopathological changes. Our results demonstrated that antioxidant such as glutathione (GSH) levels and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and Glutathione S-transferase (GST) were all diminished in the gill tissue along with the profound increase in lipid peroxidation (measured as TBARS) in the UV-328-treated group. Histopathological lesions, for instance, inflammatory cell infiltration with a minimal congestion in primary lamellae, diffuse epithelial hyperplasia and fusion of secondary lamellae, multifocal mucus cell hyperplasia were seen in the UV-328-treated gill tissue of Zebra fish. The UV-328-induced oxidative, biochemical, and histological alterations were almost reverted back to normal in the DiMC enhanced group, suggesting its remediative efficacy against UV-328-induced respirotoxicity. Based on our findings, exposure to UV-328, even at a low level, could be toxic, causing oxidative stress, antioxidant depletion, and pathological gill damage in Zebra fish. And these alterations were almost recuperated in DiMC supplemented group which signifies its protective influence against UV-328 toxicity.
Keywords: UV-328; Oxidative stress; Antioxidants; Histopathology; Zebra fis
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Improvements to strain computation and reliabilty analysis of flexible pavements in the mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide
Get PDFThe first part of this study evaluates the effect of load-strain linear proportionality assumption employed in the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) design of flexible pavements. In the design procedure, the strains computed through Jacob Uzan Layered Elastic Analysis (JULEA) are used to accumulate the damage and distresses over the design period. To minimize computing time, the MEPDG makes the assumption that the computed strains are linearly proportional to the applied load and exploits this assumption to extrapolate strains from an 18 kip single axle load and the specified tire pressure to the entire load spectrum in the traffic composition. However, in reality, for truck loads of interest, the contact (tire inflation) pressure remains within a narrow range whereas the contact area changes with axle load. The study showed that this assumption can lead to significant error in the prediction of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) rutting. A method that computes strains at three reference axle loads, and extrapolates or interpolates the strain values for other axle loads is shown to provide a suitable alternative to the MEPDG assumption. The second phase of the study is on the improvements to the reliability analysis currently used by the MEPDG. This procedure relies on the variability of the measured output (distress) obtained from a data base. This does not directly account for the variability of the input parameters that induce such variability in distress in reliability predictions. This study developed a reliability procedure that directly evaluates the effect of uncertainties in the model input parameters of HMA materials on the reliability of flexible pavements using Monte Carlo and Latin Hypercube simulation and Rosenblueth s 2K+1 point estimate method. The proposed reliability procedure also uses some techniques to reduce the extensive computational time involved in simulations. The Latin Hypercube simulation method is found to be an efficient alternative to the computationally intensive Monte Carlo simulation. Rosenblueth s 2K+1 point estimate method is not capable to capture the output distribution type. Robust sensitivity analyses through Tornado plots and extreme tail analyses are used to identify the relative importance of the input variables on the predicted distress
Anti inflammatory and Analgesic Activity of Nerunjil Samoola Chooranam & Anti Ulcer Activity of Thesathali Kalappu Thool
Get PDFThe drug “NerunjilSamoola Chooranam” has been selected for the study to establish its efficacy in treating Azhal keel vayu.
A brief description pertaining to its botanical aspect ,
phytochemical constituents and gunapadam aspect has been referred.
A review of the literatures about the drug and its significance in medicine since ancient period has been done.
Collected information about the drug from various literatures and websites have been referred.
Bio-chemical analysis of the drug shows the presence of Calcium, Chloride, Starch, Ferrous Iron, Phosphate and
UnsaturatedCompounds.
Pharmacological analysis shows that the drug has got significant acute anti-inflammatory activity and analgesic activity.
Anti Microbial susceptibility test report shows that the drug has got sensitive to Candida albicans,Staphylococcus aureus.
From the clinical assessment, it is inferred that Nerunjil Samoola chooranam has good efficacy in treating Azhal keel vayu. During the clinical trial the patients showed no untoward effects.
Biostatistical analysis also proved that this drug has got significant effect in treating Azhal keel vayu.
Thesathalikalapputhool:
The drug Thesathalikalapputhool was selected for the study to establish its Anti – Ulcer activity on Gunmam.
To collect informations about the drug, various text books, literatures and journals were referred. From then the author came to an idea about the drug and its efficacy on Gunmam.
The Bio – chemical analysis revealed that the drug contains Calcium, Chloride,Starch,Ferrous iron and Unsaturated compound.
Pharmacological experiments exerted that the drug has gotgoodanti – ulcer activity.
Acute toxicity shows that this drug has no toxiceffect.
Biostatistical analysis showed that this drug has significant effect in treating Gunmam without any adverse effects.
From the clinical assessment it was inferred that the drug showed good response to 77.5 % of the cases, moderate response to 17.5% of the cases and poor response to 5% of total cases
Retrieval of secured data for decentralized disruption tolerant network in military environment
No full textBiochemical Perturbations and Metabolic Derangements Induced by Benzophenone-3 at Environmentally Relevant Concentration in the Liver of Danio rerio
No full textUV filters are used daily by millions of people. many wastewater treatments plants are ill-equipped to filter them properly. As a result, UV filters are progressively reaching the environment at an alarming level. Benzophenone-3(BP3) in particular, are toxic to all organisms. Its toxic effects include coral bleaching and interference with metabolic, enzymatic, and reproductive activities. The present study aims to assess the toxic impact of environmentally relevant concentration of BP3(44μg/l) on some selected biochemical variables in the liver tissue of Zebra fish on different exposure periods. The exposed fishes were shown to exhibit significant alterations in the carbohydrate, lipid and protein levels and their metabolism and elevated the level of transaminases in the hepatic tissue. The severity of derangement was slowly increased upon increasing exposure period and more significant at the 45th days of exposure. From our results, it may suggested that BP3 exposure at sub chronic periods even at the environmentally relevant concentration might induce intense biochemical alterations in the liver of D.rerio
Optimal Channel Sensing Strategy for Cognitive Radio Networks With Heavy-Tailed Idle Times
No full textPerformance Analysis of Cooperative Cognitive Distributed MAC Protocol with Full Duplex Links
No full textImplementation of Peak Shaving Algorithm in an Islanded Microgrid for Economic Power Consumption
No full textThe objective and purpose of this study is to implement a peak shaving algorithm in an islanded microgrid for economic power consumption. The simulation of this study has been created through MATLAB/Simulink. This system works for different peak demands and can easily be manipulated, providing us a dynamic approach to the system for maximum efficiency and maximum power generation for the required demand. Added to this, we have also included grid-tied solar panels which are renewable and eco-friendly. The results from the simulation show us clearly that the peak shaving algorithm gets activated as soon as the supply surpasses the peak demand. When this activation happens, the grid is islanded and it goes into self-generation mode. The current use of the grids is aged and is not able to support the current population from time to time. This paper will prove to be a viable, cost-effective and simple solution for the power stations. The simulation, functioning, observation, inference, advantages and disadvantages have been completely provided in this paper with the help of reference papers which have been mentioned towards the end
Potential Nephrotoxic Effect of UV-328 and Its Possible Salvage by Dimethoxy Curcumin in Zebrafish
No full textThe occurrence of Benzotriazole UV Stabilizer-328 (UV-328) in different environmental and natural systems is of fast regular concern these days. In this current paper, we assessed the renotoxicity of UV-328 in zebrafish kidney tissues to know the chore of oxidative devilry in kidney and to recuperate the renotoxicity utilizing Dimethoxy curcumin (DiMC) supplementation. Grown-up zebrafish were exposed 55µg/L of UV-328 and DiMC supplemented through diet at 50mg/kg BW. Close to the completion of 28 days, renal tissues were examined for the responses of oxidative pressure, antioxidant status and histopathological changes. The results demonstrated that antioxidant enzymes such as, Glutathione (GSH) levels and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were all reduced in zebra fish kidneys treated with UV-328. Renal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was brought prominently up in the UV-328 treated fish. All of the altered variables significantly returned to near-normal levels in the DiMC-supplemented group. Histopathological lesions, viz., hypertrophied glomerulus, cytoplasmic and nuclear degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, degeneration of renal tubules were seen in UV-328 treated kidney of zebrafish which were actually reinforced in the DiMC treated fish. From our outcomes, it has been proposed that even at the low-level convergence of UV-328 exposure is malicious and to provoke oxidative insult, cell reinforcement exhaustion and kidney neurotic devilry in zebrafish and remediation with DiMC has been ended up being the better choice to conquer the harmful oppression prompted by UV-328
