1,998 research outputs found
The Ukrainian Dimension of Mass Culture: Philosophy and Culture Studies Analysis
No full textThe up-to-date topic of the humanities is the mass culture phenomenon that influences the worldview of modern Ukrainians. The author of the article investigates the genesis of the Ukrainian segment of mass culture, considers its condition at the present stage using world and local examples
A stochastic model for stationary dynamics of prices in real estate markets. A case of random intensity for Poisson moments of prices changes
No full textMorphological plasticity of astroglia: Understanding synaptic microenvironment
No full textMemory formation in the brain is thought to rely on the remodeling of synaptic connections which eventually results in neural network rewiring. This remodeling is likely to involve ultrathin astroglial protrusions which often occur in the immediate vicinity of excitatory synapses. The phenomenology, cellular mechanisms, and causal relationships of such astroglial restructuring remain, however, poorly understood. This is in large part because monitoring and probing of the underpinning molecular machinery on the scale of nanoscopic astroglial compartments remains a challenge. Here we briefly summarize the current knowledge regarding the cellular organisation of astroglia in the synaptic microenvironment and discuss molecular mechanisms potentially involved in use-dependent astroglial morphogenesis. We also discuss recent observations concerning morphological astroglial plasticity, the respective monitoring methods, and some of the newly emerging techniques that might help with conceptual advances in the area. GLIA 2015
Asymptotic model selection and identifiability of directed tree models with hidden variables
No full textThe standard Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) is derived under
some regularity conditions which are not always satisfied by the graphical
models with hidden variables. In this paper we derive the BIC score for
Bayesian networks in the case when the data is binary and the underlying
graph is a rooted tree and all the inner nodes represent hidden variables. This
provides a direct generalization of a similar formula given by Rusakov and
Geiger in [10]. Geometric results obtained in this paper are complementary to
the results in the previous paper [18] extending our understanding of this class
of models. The main tool used in this paper is the connection between asymptotic
approximation of Laplace integrals and the real log-canonical threshold
Mitochondrial ROS control neuronal excitability and cell fate in frontotemporal dementia
No full textIntroduction: The second most common form of early-onset dementia—frontotemporal dementia (FTD)—is often characterized by the aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein tau. Here we studied the mechanism of tau-induced neuronal dysfunction in neurons with the FTD-related 10+16 MAPT mutation. Methods: Live imaging, electrophysiology, and redox proteomics were used in 10+16 induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and a model of tau spreading in primary cultures. Results: Overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in 10+16 neurons alters the trafficking of specific glutamate receptor subunits via redox regulation. Increased surface expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors containing GluA1 and NR2B subunits leads to impaired glutamatergic signaling, calcium overload, and excitotoxicity. Mitochondrial antioxidants restore the altered response and prevent neuronal death. Importantly, extracellular 4R tau induces the same pathological response in healthy neurons, thus proposing a mechanism for disease propagation. Discussion: These results demonstrate mitochondrial ROS modulate glutamatergic signaling in FTD, and suggest a new therapeutic strategy
Vesuvianite from the somma-vesuvius complex: New data and revised formula
No full textAt present, the vesuvianite group of minerals consists of eight members, six of which
are distinguished by the dominant cation in the Y1(A,B) five-coordinated site. We investigated
two vesuvianite samples from the type locality by electron microprobe analysis, Mössbauer and
infrared spectroscopy, TGA/DSC, MAS NMR, single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. The crystal
structures of these samples (# 27844 and 51062 from the Vesuvius collection, Fersman Mineralogical
Museum, Moscow) have been refined to R1 = 0.027 and R1 = 0.035, respectively. Both samples have the
space group P4/nnc; a = 15.5720(3) and 15.5459(3), c = 11.8158(5) and 11.7988(4), respectively. In both
samples low-occupied T1 and T2 sites are populated by minor B and Al, which agrees with their
high-temperature origin. According to our experimental results, the general revised crystal-chemical
formula of vesuvianite can be written as VIIIXX19
VY1
VIY12(Z2O7)4(ZO4)10(W)10, where X are sevento
nine-coordinated sites of Ca with minor Na, K, Fe2+ and REE impurities; VY has a square pyramidal
coordination and is occupied predominantly by Fe3+ with subordinate Mg, Al, Fe2+ and Cu2+; VIY has
octahedral coordination and is predominantly occupied by Al with subordinate Mg, Fe2+, Fe3+, Mn2+,
Mn3+, Ti, Cr and Zn; ZO4 = SiO4, sometimes with subordinate AlO4 and/or (OH)4, and W = OH, F,
with minor O and Cl. The idealized charge-balanced formula of the vesuvianite end-member without
subordinate cations is Ca19Fe3+(Al10Me2+
2)(Si2O7)4(SiO4)10O(OH)9, where Me = Fe2+, Mg2+, Mn2+
A multiproxy record of sedimentation, pedogenesis, and environmental history in the north of West Siberia during the late Pleistocene based on the Belaya Gora section
No full textRecent revision of the Pleistocene glaciation boundaries in northern Eurasia has encouraged the search for nonglacial geological records of the environmental history of northern West Siberia. We studied an alluvial paleosol-sedimentary sequence of the high terrace of the Vakh River (middle Ob basin) to extract the indicators of environmental change since Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 6. Two levels of the buried paleosols are attributed to MIS 5 and MIS 3, as evidenced by U/Th and radiocarbon dates. Palynological and pedogenetic characteristics of the lower pedocomplex recorded the climate fluctuations during MIS 5, from the Picea-Larix taiga environment during MIS 5e to the establishment of the tundra-steppe environment due to the cooling of MIS 5d or MIS 5b and partial recovery of boreal forests with Picea and Pinus in MIS 5c or MIS 5a. The upper paleosol level shows signs of cryogenic hydromorphic pedogenesis corresponding to the tundra landscape, with permafrost during MIS 3. Boulders incorporated in a laminated alluvial deposit between the paleosols are dropstones brought from the Enisei valley by ice rafting during the cold MIS 4. An abundance of eolian morphostructures on quartz grains from the sediments that overly the upper paleosol suggests a cold, dry, and windy environment during the MIS 2 cryochron
The policy of state regulation in the sub system "State control of the vehicle condition"
No full textThis article discusses the state of vehicle safety in Russia. The author notes that many modern safety systems, such as anti-lock braking systems, and anti-skid systems, are missing from motor vehicles in Russia. The technical conditions of vehicles in Russia are controlled on three levels - self testing at vehicle production, branch inspection control, and state safety inspections.</p
Establishment of the Art Market in the Context of Ukrainian Historical and Cultural Tradition
No full textThe origins of the art market in Ukraine are analyzed on the basis of the life of artists, art exhibitions, art salons and creative circles of the 17th - early 20th centuries. The author researches the socio-cultural processes of different periods of Ukrainian culture that influenced the phenomenon of the art market, in particular its educational and commercial aspects. The peculiarity of the art market in Ukraine is connected with the popularization of young Ukrainian artists, the creation of favorable conditions for the realization of their talent, the unification of artistic forces from different Ukrainian regions and on. The art market is considered as a value-semantic space, where works of art are circulated, thanks to which new ideas emerge in the Ukrainian cultural space. The author uses the cultural-historical method, which allows to analyze, describe and generalize the patterns of origin, formation and development of the art market as an important component of socio-cultural evolution of Ukrainian culture. The important role of patronage, which contributed to the development of the Ukrainian art market, is considered. The origin and development of art exhibitions, which gained popularity in the 19th century, despite the long-standing tradition of exhibition activities in Ukraine, are studied. Mobile art exhibitions became a unique phenomenon, which determined the main trend in the fine arts of the last third of the 19th century. The activities of the Taras Shevchenko Scientific Society, which contributed to the creation of a portrait gallery – the largest project related to the fine arts, headed by M. Hrushevsky – are reviewed separately. The author emphasizes that the activities of progressive Ukrainian of art contributed to the creation of many artistic associations, which played an important role in promoting the works of Ukrainian artists, awakening public interest in art
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