258 research outputs found
The FUS(s) about splicing
No full textFused in sarcoma (FUS), also called translocated in liposarcoma (TLS), is a ubiquitously expressed DNA/RNA binding protein belonging to the TET family and predominantly localized in the nucleus. FUS is proposed to be involved in various RNA metabolic pathways including transcription regulation, nucleo-cytosolic RNA transport, microRNA processing or pre-mRNA splicing [1]. Mutations in the FUS gene were identified in patients with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) type 6 and sporadic ALS [2, 3]. ALS, also termed Lou Gehrig's disease, is a fatal adult-onset neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord.
There is increasing evidence supporting the hypothesis that FUS might play an important role in pre-mRNA splicing regulation. Several splicing factors were identified to associate with FUS including hnRNPA2 and C1/C2 [4], Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) [5] and serine arginine (SR) proteins (SC35 and TASR) [6]. Additionally, FUS was identified as a constituent of human spliceosomal complexes [1]. Our recent results indicate that FUS has increased affinity for certain but not all snRNPs of the minor and major spliceosome. Furthermore, in vitro studies revealed that FUS directly interacts with a factor specific for one of those snRNPs. These findings might uncover the molecular mechanism by which FUS regulates splicing and could explain previously observed effects of FUS on the splicing of the adenovirus E1A minigene [7] and changes in splicing caused by ALS associated FUS mutations.
[1] Lagier-Tourenne C et al. (2010) Human Molecular Genetics 19:46-64
[2] Kwiatkowski TJ Jr et al. (2009) Science 323:1205-8
[3] Vance C et al. (2009) Science 323:1208-11
[4] Zinser H et al. (1994) Genes Dev 8:2513-26
[5] Chansky, H.A., et al. (2001) Cancer Res. 61: 3586-90.
[6] Yang L et al. (1998) J Biol Chem 273:27761-6
[7] Kino Y et al. (2010) Nucleic Acid Research 7:2781-279
Increasing Restorability for Local-to-Egress Restoration in GMPLS Controlled Networks with Limited Wavelength Conversion
No full textWe study the performance of the local-to-egress restoration method in GMPLS controlled optical networks, when a limited number of wavelength converters are available. We evaluate the recovery percentage for a converter-saving label assignment scheme and compare its performance to a simple scheme with and without releasing resources that are not used after the failure (stub release). Our simulations show that the converter-saving label assignment scheme without stub release outperforms the simple label assignment scheme with stub release, to the extent that stub release can be avoided without sacrificing restorability
Wavelength-Converter Saving Span Restoration in GMPLS Controlled WDM Optical Networks
No full textWe present two label preference schemes to reduce wavelength-conversion during restoration path setup in GMPLS controlled optical networks exploiting span restoration. The amount of required wavelength-conversions can be reduced up to 34 percent
Blocking Reduction of Span Restoration Requests in GMPLS Controlled WDM Optical Networks
No full textThe proposed label preference scheme reduces blocking of span restoration requests in GMPLS optical networks with limited wavelength conversion. By minimizing resource contention and conversion usage, it increases recovery percentage and reduces control plane load
Signaling protocol extensions enhancing provisioning and recovery in GMPLS optical networks
No full textBiobjective optimization of radio access technology selection and resource allocation in heterogeneous wireless networks
No full textNodal Stub-Release in All-Optical Networks
No full textIn wavelength-routed networks, the scarcity of wavelength-converters severely impacts successful connection recovery. This can be mitigated by releasing the connection’s stubs (i.e. the surviving upstream and downstream span and node resources) prior to the restoration process. Releasing span resources however heavily complicates the reversion process. In this study, we present a nodal stub-release method, where only node resources (i.e. wavelength-converters) are released, while the stubs’ span resources are kept occupied. Our simulation results show that the nodal stub-release method can match the performance of full stub-release (releasing both span and node resources) while keeping complexity low
Span Restoration in Optical Networks with Limited Wavelength Conversion
No full textNext generation optical networks provide functionalities to dynamically provision and recover connections, while emerging technologies allow for the conversion between wavelengths. These devices are however expensive and hence it is likely that only few are deployed throughout the network. Accordingly, the unavailability of wavelength converters decreases the chance for successful connection establishment, especially in the recovery phase, where several restoration requests try to access a limited pool of resources. The recently proposed suggested vector scheme has been designed to perform converter-saving wavelength assignment in GMPLS networks. The converter saving property of the Suggested Vector is particularly desirable in span restoration, where the pre-failure path stubs have to be merged to the restoration path at the failure-adjacent nodes. In order to avoid wavelength conversion at the merging nodes, the wavelength of the connection stubs can be considered. In this study, we evaluate the recovery performance of the suggested vector scheme and a scheme exploiting standard protocol extensions only. The behavior of both schemes with a stub-aware extension for span restoration is also assessed. Our simulations show that the Suggested Vector scheme achieves a higher recovery performance than the standard scheme. Both schemes benefit from the stub-aware modification. The performance increase is especially predominant if few wavelength converters are available and at medium load ranges. Furthermore, we describe different scenarios to extend the suggested vector wavelength assignment scheme to multi-domain networks with focus on span restoration
«Mutterli» und Bildungspionierin. Lisette Ruepp-Uttingers pädagogisches Wirken für den Aargau
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