1,720,961 research outputs found
Market structure and technology: evidence from the Italian National Health Service
No full textSutton (1991, Sunk costs and market structure. Cambridge: MIT Press; 1998, Technology and market structure. Cambridge: MIT Press) theorised that industries evolve into distinct market configurations in terms of concentration, depending upon product homogeneity and whether R&D or advertising are relevant relative to set-up costs. This paper tests the existence of such a relationship between technological profiles and market structure empirically, using the health care services provided by the Italian National Health Service as the specific economic framework. Our results support the empirical predictions made by Sutton. In particular, in markets where the technological intensity is low the lower bound to concentration converges monotonically to zero when the market size increases, for any level of product homogeneity. Conversely, in markets where the technological intensity is high the lower bound of concentration converges to some positive (non-zero) value when market size increases, while the lower bound increases (from zero) when the level of product homogeneity increases. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2006Health care, Market structure, Technology, I11, L1, L8, O33,
Struttura di mercato e tecnologia: un’analisi empirica del Servizio sanitario nazionale italiano
No full textL’accelerazione dello sviluppo tecnologico e la tendenza verso il decentramento dell’intervento pubblico, caratteristiche dei mercati sanitari negli ultimi decenni, hanno contribuito ad accrescere l’autonomia decisionale dei soggetti che operano in questi mercati, rendendone il funzionamento simile a quello dei settori industriali tradizionali. Un riferimento standard dell’economia industriale sulla relazione tra la tecnologia e la struttura di mercato è offerto dal contributo di Sutton (1991, 1998), secondo il quale i settori industriali assumono configurazioni differenti in termini di concentrazione di mercato a seconda della diversa incidenza delle spese di R&S e di pubblicità e dell’omogeneità dei prodotti in essi offerti. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro
è testare empiricamente alcune delle relazioni evidenziate da Sutton nell’ambito di uno specifico contesto economico, quello delle prestazioni sanitarie offerte dal Servizio sanitario nazionale italiano.
L’analisi si basa su un data-set, fornito dal Ministero della salute, che raccoglie informazioni sulle prestazioni
sanitarie (sia in regime di ricovero ordinario che di day-hospital) offerte nel 2001 da tutte le strutture ospedaliere operanti nell’ambito del Servizio sanitario nazionale. I risultati sono in linea con le predizioni empiriche della teoria di Sutton, secondo le quali nei mercati a bassa intensità di R&S esiste un lower bound per la concentrazione d’equilibrio, e tale lower bound
converge monotonicamente a zero all’aumentare della dimensione del mercato (rapportata ai costi di set-up), indipendentemente dal livello di omogeneità del prodotto. Nei mercati ad alta intensità di R&S, invece, il lower bound alla concentrazione converge a un valore positivo diverso da zero all’aumentare della dimensione di mercato, mentre cresce a partire da zero all’aumentare del livello di omogeneità del prodotto
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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