12 research outputs found
Prosopistoma someshwarensis Ramya Roopa, Selvakumar & Subramanian, n. sp.
No full textProsopistoma someshwarensis Ramya Roopa, Selvakumar & Subramanian n. sp. Figs. 2–12 Material examined. Holotype: mature larva, INDIA, Karnataka, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Seethanadi river, Dulli Hole, 13°28’49.82’’ N, 075°02’43.77’’ E, 91 m, 04.III.2016, Coll. S. Ramya Roopa [ZSISRC-I/E 19]. Paratypes: 2 mature larvae, same data as holotype [ZSISRC-I/E 20]; 15 mature larvae, INDIA, Karnataka, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Seethanadi river, Yele Hole, 13°32’18.48’’ N, 075°04’43.14’’ E, 676 m, 06.VI.2015, 28.XII.2015, 17.III.2016, Coll. S. Ramya Roopa; 3 mature larvae, INDIA, Karnataka, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Seethanadi river, Onakeabbi falls, 13°30’46.41’’ N, 075°04’31.04’’ E, 597 m, 01.VI.2015, Coll. S. Ramya Roopa; 3 mature larvae, INDIA, Karnataka, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Seethanadi river, Onakeabbi falls, 13°30’27.07’’ N, 075°05’17.06’’ E, 655 m, 25.XI.2015, Coll. S. Ramya Roopa. Description. Mature larva. Body length 4–4.5 mm excluding caudal filaments. Head uniformly reddish brown with median ocellus between antennae, width approximately 2.5 times length. Epicranial sutures clearly visible, passing through lateral ocelli and anterior margin of compound eyes, continuing to lateral margin of head (Fig. 2 A). Carapace general coloration reddish brown, with one pale-coloured circular depression on each side of midline of anterior region of carapace, present at approximately 0.26 times length of carapace from posterior margin of head (Fig. 2 B) and with many dark ridges including few ridges resembling longitudinal lines on surface (Fig. 2 C). Head. Antenna (Fig. 4) 7-segmented including scape and pedicel, longer than distance from antennal base to anterior margin of head; segment III longest and shorter than combined length of segments IV–VII. Labrum (Fig. 6) prominent when larva viewed dorsally, narrow, approximately 3.7 times wider than long, anterior margin fringed with dense fine setae. Left and right mandibles similar. Outer canine of mandibles longer and broader than inner canine, with three apical teeth, outer tooth small, inner tooth larger with margin serrated near apex with 4–5 small spines; inner canine with two apical teeth, inner one slightly larger, inner margin serrated near apex with 3–5 spines. 8–10 long serrated bristles arising from base of inner canine. Single stout, feathered seta present lateromedially on each mandible (Fig. 5). Maxillae (Fig. 7) crowned by rigid canine and three subequal moveable dentisetae; three long feathered, stout bristles arising near base of apical canine and dentisetae on galea-lacinia. Single unserrated bristle arising about two-thirds of way down sclerotized section of galea-lacinia. Length ratio of maxillary palp segments from basal one to apical one: 1.9:3.2:1. Labial palpi 3-segmented, length ratio of labial palp segments from basal one to apical one: 2:1.65:1 (Fig. 8). Legs. Dorsal margin of fore femur with 20 or 21 simple, short, feathery setae; ventral margin of fore tibia with 14 or 15 pectinate setae (Fig. 9). Tarsal claws of all three pairs of legs without denticles. Abdomen. Abdominal gills I–VI. Gill I large and branched (Fig. 10). Gill II broad, leaf-like and unbranched (Fig. 11). Gills III–V with multiple branching filaments (Fig. 12). Gill VI tiny, unbranched. Posterolateral projections of abdominal segments VII–IX broad, apex pointed (Figs. 2 & 3). Three retractile, short and feathery caudal filaments present. Sub-imago and Imago. Unknown. Distribution. India (Central Western Ghats). Etymology. This species is named after the place of collection, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka, India. Diagnosis. Prosopistoma someshwarensis n. sp. is most similar to P. alaini Bojková & Soldán 2015, a recently described species from Algeria (Bojková & Soldán 2015). However, P. someshwarensis n. sp. can be distinguished from all other species of Prosopistoma, including P. alaini, by the following combination of characters: (i) antenna 7-segmented including scape and pedicel; segment III the longest and shorter than combined length of segments IV–VII (Fig. 4); (ii) epicranial sutures clearly visible, passing through anterior margin of lateral ocelli and between compound eyes and antennal bases or through lateral ocelli and anterior margin of compound eyes, continuing to lateral margin of head (Fig. 2 A); (iii) carapace general coloration reddish brown, with one pale-coloured circular depression on each side of midline of anterior region of carapace (Fig. 2 B) and with few longitudinal line that looks like a ridge on its surface (Fig. 2 C); (iv) 8–10 long serrated bristles arising from the base of inner canine (Fig. 5); (v) ventral margin of fore-tibia with 14–15 pectinate setae (Fig. 9) and (vi) postero-lateral projections on abdominal segments VII–IX broad and apex pointed (Figs. 2 & 3). Ecology. The new species was collected from riffle habitat, underneath cobbles and gravel, in tributaries of the Seethanadi River, a west-flowing river in the central Western Ghats. The sampling sites were all located within tropical wet evergreen forests. The streams (Dulli Hole, Yele Hole and Onakeabbi falls) had average widths ranging from 0.92 m to 9.86 m and average depths ranging from 0.90 cm to 12.24 cm through the three seasons of sampling. The pH ranged from 6.26 to 8.48 and water temperature ranged from 20.8°C to 28.8°C.Published as part of Roopa, S. Ramya, Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A. & Sivaramakrishnan, K. G., 2017, A new species of Prosopistoma Latreille, 1833 and redescription of P. indicum Peters, 1967 (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from the Western Ghats, India, pp. 591-599 in Zootaxa 4242 (3) on pages 593-595, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4242.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/37698
A new species of Prosopistoma Latreille, 1833 and redescription of P. indicum Peters, 1967 (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from the Western Ghats, India
No full textRoopa, S. Ramya, Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A., Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. (2017): A new species of Prosopistoma Latreille, 1833 and redescription of P. indicum Peters, 1967 (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from the Western Ghats, India. Zootaxa 4242 (3): 591-599, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4242.3.1
Prosopistoma
No full textKey to known mature larvae of Indian Prosopistoma species 1. Antennae with 6 segments; ventral margin of fore tibia with 6–8 pectinate setae; carapace general colouration yellowish or medium brown, with various yellow or orange markings (not circular); base of inner canine of mandible with 2 or 3 long bristles.................................................................................................2 - Antennae with 7 segments; ventral margin of fore tibia with 14–15 pectinate setae; carapace general coloration reddish brown, with one pale-coloured circular depression on each side of midline of anterior region of carapace; base of inner canine of mandible with 8–10 long bristles.......................................................... P. someshwarensis n. sp. 2. Carapace general coloration yellowish brown with an irregular (zig-zag) yellow pattern; base of inner canine of mandible with 3 long bristles; gill II leaf-like and unbranched............................................. P. indicum Peters 1967 - Carapace general coloration medium brown, with 4 distinctive orange markings present on each side of midline of the carapace; base of inner canine of mandible with 2 long bristles; gill II leaf-like and cleft................................................................................................... P. coorgum Balachandran & Anbalagan 2016Published as part of Roopa, S. Ramya, Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A. & Sivaramakrishnan, K. G., 2017, A new species of Prosopistoma Latreille, 1833 and redescription of P. indicum Peters, 1967 (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from the Western Ghats, India, pp. 591-599 in Zootaxa 4242 (3) on page 598, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4242.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/37698
Mythology in Children’s Literature: A Narrative Study on Roopa Pai’s Gita
No full textThe function of conveying a culture’s myth to its younger generation is a very delicate process. Myth is a mixture of fact and fantasy and it is the duty of an adult reteller to convey the right ideas in a right manner to the children. Creating mythological retellings for children involves a multi-levelled process: filtering the myth to make it child-appropriate, structuring it in an attractive format and delivering a content relatable for the kids. Roopa Pai, an Indian writer for children, came out with a book titled Gita: For Children (2015), which retells the Bhagvad Gita of the Mahabharata. The Bhagvad Gita, being a book of complex philosophies, is difficult enough to be explained to adults. Hence, it takes a deeper understanding of the source text and also the psyche of children to come out with a work like that. The objective of this paper is to analyse the narrative technique that Pai has followed in Gita: For Children in order to break down a culture’s mythology into a digestible form for the younger generation. The methodology for the study would be a narrative analysis of the primary text. It was identified from the study that Pai constructs a three-layered structure in the text: a) a background insight into the story, where she describes the context and adds additional information on elements seen in the story b) the narration of the story c) explaining the facts of the story with examples relatable for the children. This third structure involves a concept called Applied Mythology. It explains how myth is applicable in the contemporary world. It is also observed that there are three parallel conversations throughout the text: a) the one between Krishna and Arjuna b) the one between Sanjaya and Dritarashtra and c) the one between Pai and her readers. In this third category, Pai uses the technique called ‘breaking the fourth wall’. Here, Pai comes out of her veil as a distant narrator and directly talks to her target audience, the children. While most authors claim it is more difficult to write for children than for adults, this study shall help understand the different narrative strategies that Pai employs in the text to simplify complex philosophies of life for children
Prosopistoma indicum Peters 1967
No full textProsopistoma indicum Peters 1967 Figs. 13–23 Material examined. 6 mature larvae, INDIA, Karnataka, Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Tunga river, Minu Hole, 13°34’42.28’’ N, 075°06’12.58’’ E, 665 m, 19.V.2015, Coll. S. Ramya Roopa [ZSISRC-I/E 21]. 1 larva, INDIA, Tamil Nadu, Tirunelveli, Gadana river, Kallar, 0 8o 48'04.5’’ N, 77o18'05.3’’ E, 144 m, 20.VII.2013, Colls. C. Selvakumar & P. Kumar [ZSISRC-I/E 22]. Description. Mature larva. Body length 2.1 mm excluding caudal filaments. Head yellowish brown with median ocellus between antennae; width approximately 2.4 times length. Epicranial sutures feeble, passing through posterior margin of lateral ocellus and weakly passing through anterior margin of compound eye, continuing to lateral margin of head. Carapace general coloration yellowish brown with irregular (zig-zag) yellow pattern at approximately 0.6 times length of carapace from posterior margin of head. Distal end of carapace concave over exhalent notch (Figs. 13). Head. Antenna (Fig. 15) 6-segmented including scape and pedicel, with segment III longest but shorter than combined length of segments IV–VI. Labrum (Fig. 16) narrow, approximately 4.3 times wider than long. Left and right mandibles similar. Outer canine of mandibles longer and broader than inner canine, with three sub-equal apical teeth, inner tooth serrated near apex with 3 spines; inner canine with two apical teeth, inner one slightly larger, outer margin serrated near apex with 1 or 2 spines and inner margin serrated near apex with 2 spines. 3 long serrated bristles arising from base of inner canine. Single stout feathered seta present lateromedially on each mandible (Fig. 17). Maxillae (Fig. 18) crowned by rigid canine and three subequal moveable dentisetae; three long feathered stout bristles arising near base of apical canine and dentisetae on galea-lacinia. Single unserrated bristle arising about two-thirds of way down sclerotized section of galea-lacinia. Length ratio of maxillary palp segments from basal one to apical one: 2.4:3.6:1. Labial palpi 3-segmented, length ratio of labial palp segments from basal one to apical one: 2.1:2.25:1 (Fig. 19). Legs. Ventral margin of fore tibia with 6–8 pectinate setae (Fig. 20). Tarsal claws of all three pairs of legs without denticles. Abdomen. Abdominal gills I–VI. Gill I large and branched (Fig. 21). Gill II broad, leaf-like and unbranched (Fig. 22). Gills III–V with multiple branching filaments (Fig. 23). Gill VI tiny, unbranched. Posterolateral projections of abdominal segments VII–IX broad, apex pointed. Three retractile, short and feathery caudal filaments present. Sub-imago and Imago. Unknown. Distribution. India (Western Ghats). Diagnosis. Prosopistoma indicum Peters, 1967 is most similar to P. coorgum Balachandran & Anbalagan 2016, a recently described species from South India. Common characters include (i) presence of 6-segmented antenna; (ii) carapace wider than long; (iii) distal end of carapace concave over exhalent notch; (iv) similar number of spines (3) on apex of inner margin of outer canine of mandibles; (v) similar number of spines (2) in P. indicum and 2-3 in P. coorgum on apex of inner margin of inner canine of mandibles; (vi) 3 long feathered stout bristles arising near base of apical canine and dentisetae on galea-lacinia; (vii) similar length ratio of labial palp segments from basal one to apical (2.1:2.25: 1 in P. indicum and 2:2.5: 1 in P. coorgum); and (viii) presence of 6–8 pectinate setae in the ventral margin of fore tibia. However, P. indicum may be distinguished from P. coorgum by the following combination of characters: (i) antennal segment III shorter than combined length of segments IV–VI (Fig. 15); (ii) carapace general coloration yellowish brown with an irregular (zig-zag) yellow pattern at approximately 0.6 times the length of the carapace from the posterior margin of head (Fig. 13); (iii) presence of 3 long serrated bristles at the base of inner canine (Fig. 17); and (iv) gill II broad, leaf-like and unbranched (Fig. 22). Ecology. Prosopistoma indicum specimens were collected from riffle areas, and in some instances pool areas, of river Minu Hole and its tributaries, inside and outside Someshwara Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka, India and Kallar, Gadana River, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu. Unlike P. someshwarensis n. sp. which was collected only from forest streams, this species was collected from varied landscapes—forest streams, streams adjoining agricultural land and plantations, and streams adjoining villages. These streams had average widths ranging from 0.245 m to 12.28 m and average depths ranging from 1.31 cm to 30.85 cm through the three seasons of sampling. The pH ranged from 6.78 to 8.3, and water temperature ranged from 21.9°C to 34.3°C.Published as part of Roopa, S. Ramya, Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A. & Sivaramakrishnan, K. G., 2017, A new species of Prosopistoma Latreille, 1833 and redescription of P. indicum Peters, 1967 (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from the Western Ghats, India, pp. 591-599 in Zootaxa 4242 (3) on pages 595-598, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4242.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/37698
FLOWIDER 10 a webbased interface to track floodseason water levels of large rivers of Indias Gangetic plains
No full textUtilization of Tomato Powder as a Technological Functional Ingredient in Bakery Products: A Review
No full textThe present review aimed to investigate and analyze the use of Tomato powder as a fortification ingredient in different types of bakery foods. Tomatoes are known to be a rich source of vitamins, minerals and carotenoids, especially vitamin C, phosphorus, potassium, and lycopene ,citric acid and malic acid it may become an ideal addition to different types of processed foods.drying as a preservation process is considered one of the best methods, because it ensures ease of use, transportation and storage. Tomato powder has a wide range of applications in the food and beverage industry due to its rich flavoring quality. The nutritional quality of bakery products keeps on degrading from the process of baking, packaging, transportation and storage. Tomato powder lowered the pH values of batters, but had no impact on pH or cooking losses of the products. It is a good source of various macro and micro mineral elements. One hundred grams of tomato powder provides between 5.81-74.82% and 6.39-87.00% of the daily recommended intake for different macro and micro mineral elements for Indian male and female, respectively. Main purpose of value added products is to minimize the qualitative and quantitative deterioration of the produce after harvest. Moreover, some of these dehydrated powder products are gaining popularity in the foreign market and are good foreign exchange earners. In India only 2.2% of the total produce is processed as compared to 40 to 83% in developed countries
India in the Oil Palm Era: Describing India’s Dependence on Palm Oil, Recommendations for Sustainable Production, and Opportunities to Become an Influential Consumer
No full textInternational audienc
Evaluation of effectiveness of computer assisted learning in biochemistry for first year medical students
No full textBackground: Significance of computer assisted learning (CAL) programme is to complement existing undergraduate teaching methods is yet to be explored. Aim: This experimental pilot study was undertaken to assess the utility of CAL programme for first year medical students in learning medical biochemistry. Materials & Method: This prospective study included first year medical students divided into 3 groups comprised of 50 students each. CAL programme was conducted on 3 days in a month for 5 consecutive months. Each session consisted of pre-test, a review session and post-test. A single written test was conducted at the end of 5 months. Statistical comparisons were done between the mean scores of pre-tests & the post-tests as well between the total CAL scores & written test scores obtained. Results: The results of the study indicated as mean scores of post-tests were found to be higher than the mean scores of pre-tests and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Mean score of total CAL test was higher than the mean score of written test and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Majority of the study group felt that CAL programme had benefited them by enhancing memory coupled with rational thinking to learn medical biochemistry concepts. Conclusion: This study indicates CAL programme has benefited the students with diverse abilities in generating conceptual understanding enabling vivid expression of biochemical concepts. However, CAL programme needs to be conducted on a larger study group involving many medical colleges before arriving at any definitive conclusion
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A novel association of a polymorphism in the first intron of adiponectin gene with type 2 diabetes, obesity and hypoadiponectinemia in Asian Indians
No full textAdiponectin is an adipose tissue specific protein that is decreased in subjects with obesity and type 2 diabetes. The objective of the present study was to examine whether variants in the regulatory regions of the adiponectin gene contribute to type 2 diabetes in Asian Indians. The study comprised of 2,000 normal glucose tolerant (NGT) and 2,000 type 2 diabetic, unrelated subjects randomly selected from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (CURES), in southern India. Fasting serum adiponectin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay. We identified two proximal promoter SNPs (-11377C-->G and -11282T-->C), one intronic SNP (+10211T-->G) and one exonic SNP (+45T-->G) by SSCP and direct sequencing in a pilot study (n = 500). The +10211T-->G SNP alone was genotyped using PCR-RFLP in 4,000 study subjects. Logistic regression analysis revealed that subjects with TG genotype of +10211T-->G had significantly higher risk for diabetes compared to TT genotype [Odds ratio 1.28; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.07-1.54; P = 0.008]. However, no association with diabetes was observed with GG genotype (P = 0.22). Stratification of the study subjects based on BMI showed that the odds ratio for obesity for the TG genotype was 1.53 (95%CI 1.3-1.8; P G polymorphism in the first intron of the adiponectin gene with type 2 diabetes, obesity and hypoadiponectinemia
