212 research outputs found
Paddick, M G, SX623
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/409191Surname: PADDICK. Given Name(s) or Initials: M G. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: SX623. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 8109.224635
Item: [2016.0049.41462] "Paddick, M G, SX623
Dementia Prevalence Estimates in Sub-Saharan Africa: Comparison of two Diagnostic Criteria.
No full textWe have previously reported the prevalence of dementia in older adults living in the rural Hai district of Tanzania according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria. The aim of this study was to compare prevalence rates using the DSM-IV criteria with those obtained using the 10/66 diagnostic criteria, which is specifically designed for use in low- and middle-income countries. In phase I, 1,198 people aged 70 and older were screened for dementia. A stratified sample of 296 was then clinically assessed for dementia according to the DSM-IV criteria. In addition, data were collected according to the protocol of the 10/66 Dementia Research Group, which allowed a separate diagnosis of dementia according to these criteria to be established. The age-standardised prevalence of clinical DSM-IV dementia was 6.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.9-7.9%) and of '10/66 dementia' was 21.6% (95% CI 17.5-25.7%). Education was a significant predictor of '10/66 dementia', but not of DSM-IV dementia. There are large discrepancies in dementia prevalence rates depending on which diagnostic system is used. In rural sub-Saharan Africa, it is not clear whether the association between education and dementia using the 10/66 criteria is a genuine effect or the result of an educational bias within the diagnostic instrument. Despite its possible flaws, the DSM-IV criteria represent an international standard for dementia diagnosis. The 10/66 diagnostic criteria may be more appropriate when identification of early and mild cognitive impairment is required
Paddock, Charles L.
No full textElizabeth S. Paddick - wifehttps://stars.library.ucf.edu/cfm-ch-memoranda-1937/1529/thumbnail.jp
Cross-Modality Domain Adaptation Challenge (crossMoDA)
No full textIf you use the data, please cite:
Shapey, J., Kujawa, A., Dorent, R., Wang, G., Bisdas, S., Dimitriadis, A., Grishchuck, D., Paddick, I., Kitchen, N., Bradford, R., Saeed, S., Ourselin, S., & Vercauteren, T. (2021). Segmentation of Vestibular Schwannoma from Magnetic Resonance Imaging: An Open Annotated Dataset and Baseline Algorithm [Data set]. The Cancer Imaging Archive. https://doi.org/10.7937/TCIA.9YTJ-5Q7
ESTRO ACROP guideline for target volume delineation of skull base tumors
No full textBackground and purpose: For skull base tumors, target definition is the key to safe high-dose treatments because surrounding normal tissues are very sensitive to radiation. In the present work we established a joint ESTRO ACROP guideline for the target volume definition of skull base tumors. Material and methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed using various combinations of the following medical subjects headings (MeSH) and free-text words: “radiation therapy” or “stereotactic radiosurgery” or “proton therapy” or “particle beam therapy” and “skull base neoplasms” “pituitary neoplasms”, “meningioma”, “craniopharyngioma”, “chordoma”, “chondrosarcoma”, “acoustic neuroma/vestibular schwannoma”, “organs at risk”, “gross tumor volume”, “clinical tumor volume”, “planning tumor volume”, “target volume”, “target delineation”, “dose constraints”. The ACROP committee identified sixteen European experts in close interaction with the ESTRO clinical committee who analyzed and discussed the body of evidence concerning target delineation. Results: All experts agree that magnetic resonance (MR) images with high three-dimensional spatial accuracy and tissue-contrast definition, both T2-weighted and volumetric T1-weighted sequences, are required to improve target delineation. In detail, several key issues were identified and discussed: i) radiation techniques and immobilization, ii) imaging techniques and target delineation, and iii) technical aspects of radiation treatments including planning techniques and dose-fractionation schedules. Specific target delineation issues with regard to different skull base tumors, including pituitary adenomas, meningiomas, craniopharyngiomas, acoustic neuromas, chordomas and chondrosarcomas are presented. Conclusions: This ESTRO ACROP guideline achieved detailed recommendations on target volume definition for skull base tumors, as well as comprehensive advice about imaging modalities and radiation techniques. © 2020 The Author(s
Stabilité et instabilité de couches limites pour condition de Navier
No full textInternational audienceWe study the inviscid limit problem for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equa-tion on a half-plane with a Navier boundary condition depending on the viscosity. On one hand, we prove the L 2 convergence of Leray solutions to the solution of the Euler equation. On the other hand, we show the nonlinear instability of some WKB expansions in the stronger L ∞ and ˙ H s (s > 1) norms. These results are not contradictory, and in the periodic setting, we provide an example for which both phenomena occur simultaneously
Effectiveness and feasibility of a theory-informed intervention to improve Mediterranean diet adherence, physical activity and cognition in older adults at risk of dementia: the MedEx-UK randomised controlled trial
No full textBackgroundDespite an urgent need for multi-domain lifestyle interventions to reduce dementia risk, there is a lack of interventions which are informed by theory- and evidence-based behaviour change strategies, and no interventions in this domain have investigated the feasibility or effectiveness of behaviour change maintenance. We tested the feasibility, acceptability and cognitive effects of a personalised theory-based 24-week intervention to improve Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence alone, or in combination with physical activity (PA), in older-adults at risk of dementia, defined using a cardiovascular risk score.MethodsParticipants (n = 104, 74% female, 57–76 years) were randomised to three parallel intervention arms: (1) control, (2) MD, or (3) MD + PA for 24 weeks and invited to an optional 24-week follow-up period with no active intervention. Behaviour change was supported using personalised targets, a web-based intervention, group sessions and food provision. The primary outcome was behaviour change (MD adherence and PA levels), and the secondary outcomes included feasibility and acceptability, cognitive function, cardiometabolic health (BMI and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure) and process measures.ResultsThe intervention was feasible and acceptable with the intended number of participants completing the study. Participant engagement with group sessions and food provision components was high. There was improved MD adherence in the two MD groups compared with control at 24 weeks (3.7 points on a 14-point scale (95% CI 2.9, 4.5) and 48 weeks (2.7 points (95% CI 1.6, 3.7)). The intervention did not significantly change objectively measured PA. Improvements in general cognition (0.22 (95% CI 0.05, 0.35), memory (0.31 (95% CI 0.10, 0.51) and select cardiovascular outcomes captured as underpinning physiological mechanisms were observed in the MD groups at 24 weeks.ConclusionsThe intervention was successful in initiating and maintaining dietary behaviour change for up to 12 months which resulted in cognitive benefits. It provides a framework for future complex behaviour change interventions with a range of health and well-being endpoints.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03673722.<br/
Vegetative development of inbred and hybrid maize
No full textThe study herein reported consists of observations on the vegetative development of maize with special emphasis on leaf production. The objective has been to obtain a better picture of the dynamics of hybrid vigor as expressed through growth processes such as rate, correlation, sequence and final size. Most of the results were obtained from two Iowa inbred strains and their reciprocal hybrids, and for that reason may not be entirely characteristic of a general population.
Specific researches on growth and heterosis of maize are so numerous as to prohibit any but general comment. Orthodox explanations of hybrid vigor or heterosis have drawn heavily on the theories of inheritance. Shull (23) was long the proponent of a hypothesis which suggested that the diversity of the parental elements brought together in some way stimulated growth and development in the offspring. Later, Jones (10, 11) developed a concept in which the increased vigor of a hybrid was attributed to the greater number of active, favorable hereditary characters it possessed, the combined contributions of both parents being greater than that possessed by either parent alone. Rasmusson (18) offered the interaction hypothesis in which the combined action of the hereditary factors, as well as the sum of their, individual actions, plays a part in any expression of heterosis. Finally, there should be considered the experiments of Sveschnikova on hybrids of Vicia (24). As opposed to the ordinary concept of hybrid vigor, this author presents instances in which decreased vigor was obtained in crosses between very similar forms of the same species.</p
Current perspectives on prevention of vascular cognitive impairment and promotion of vascular brain health
No full text\ua9 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Introduction: The true global burden of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is unknown. Reducing risk factors for stroke and cardiovascular disease would inevitably curtail VCI. Areas Covered: The authors review current diagnosis, epidemiology, and risk factors for VCI. VCI increases in older age and by inheritance of known genetic traits. They emphasize modifiable risk factors identified by the 2020 Lancet Dementia Commission. The most profound risks for VCI also include lower education, cardiometabolic factors, and compromised cognitive reserve. Finally, they discuss pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Expert Opinion: By virtue of the high frequencies of stroke and cardiovascular disease the global prevalence of VCI is expectedly higher than prevalent neurodegenerative disorders causing dementia. Since ~ 90% of the global burden of stroke can be attributed to modifiable risk factors, a formidable opportunity arises to reduce the burden of not only stroke but VCI outcomes including progression from mild to the major in form of vascular dementia. Strict control of vascular risk factors and secondary prevention of cerebrovascular disease via pharmacological interventions will impact on burden of VCI. Non-pharmacological measures by adopting healthy diets and encouraging physical and cognitive activities and urging multidomain approaches are important for prevention of VCI and preservation of vascular brain health
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