1,720,955 research outputs found
Cardiorespiratory and metabolic adjustments during submaximal and maximal exercise in polio athletes
No full textMany individuals who have had poliomyelitis are involved in muscular exercise and are frequently evaluated in the Sports Medical Centres in our country. This paper was aimed to evaluate whether, by means of submaximal and maximal ergometric tests, the existence of a post-polio syndrome (PPS) can be assessed. The PPS includes muscle atrophy, general fatigue, weakness and muscle, joint pain and affects 20-30% of the patients 30-40 years after the initial bout with the disease. Moreover the fitness level and the cardiorespiratory adjustments to exercise were assessed in poliomyelitis individuals of various ages and different training levels. Two groups of polio athletes with lesions restricted to the lower limbs were recruited. Group A, males, n = 9; 46 ± 4.8 (SD) years, initial bout at age 1-6; walking aids required, all involved in the 'crutch soccer' sport since 30 years. Group B, males, n = 8; 30 ± 3 years, initial bout at age 1-5, wheelchair users, elite basket ball players. Ac and Bc groups were the corresponding healthy sedentary controls. After medical examination and respiratory function tests, the cardiorespiratory adjustments to submaximal and maximal exercise were assessed at steady state on the wheelchair ergometer. In the controls the peak of oxygen (VO 2p) was also determined during bicycle exercise. In A group no signs or symptoms of post-polio syndrome were detected. HR/VO 2 and VE/VO 2 relationships during submaximal exercises were similar in polio and healthy controls. VO 2p peak (ml min 1·kg -1) on the wheelchair ergometer was 20.5 ± 2 (SE) in A; 19.6 ± 3 in Ac; 30.3 ± 1 in B and 20.8 ± 3 in Bc: On the bicycle VO 2p was 28.8 ± 3 in Ac and 31.3 ± 3 in Bc. Ventilatory equivalent and oxygen pulse were similar in all groups. We conclude that presumably training for many years may help to prevent the post-polio syndrome. Moreover, basket ball played at high level substantially improves the fitness level of polio individuals and may counteract the expected negative evolution of the muscular function of these patients
Adeguamento cardiorespiratorio e metabolico all'esercizio sottomassimale e massimale in atleti poliomielitici
No full textMany individuals who have had poliomyelitis are involved in muscular exercise and are frequently evaluated in the Sports Medical Centres in our country. This paper was aimed to evaluate whether, by means of submaximal and maximal ergometric tests, the existence of a post-polio syndrome (PPS) can be assessed. The PPS includes muscle atrophy, general fatigue, weakness and muscle, joint pain and affects 20-30% of the patients 30-40 years after the initial bout with the disease. Moreover the fitness level and the cardiorespiratory adjustments to exercise were assessed in poliomyelitis individuals of various ages and different training levels. Two groups of polio athletes with lesions restricted to the lower limbs were recruited. Group A, males, n = 9; 46 ± 4.8 (SD) years, initial bout at age 1-6; walking aids required, all involved in the 'crutch soccer' sport since 30 years. Group B, males, n = 8; 30 ± 3 years, initial bout at age 1-5, wheelchair users, elite basket ball players. Ac and Bc groups were the corresponding healthy sedentary controls. After medical examination and respiratory function tests, the cardiorespiratory adjustments to submaximal and maximal exercise were assessed at steady state on the wheelchair ergometer. In the controls the peak of oxygen (VO 2p) was also determined during bicycle exercise. In A group no signs or symptoms of post-polio syndrome were detected. HR/VO 2 and VE/VO 2 relationships during submaximal exercises were similar in polio and healthy controls. VO 2p peak (ml min 1·kg -1) on the wheelchair ergometer was 20.5 ± 2 (SE) in A; 19.6 ± 3 in Ac; 30.3 ± 1 in B and 20.8 ± 3 in Bc: On the bicycle VO 2p was 28.8 ± 3 in Ac and 31.3 ± 3 in Bc. Ventilatory equivalent and oxygen pulse were similar in all groups. We conclude that presumably training for many years may help to prevent the post-polio syndrome. Moreover, basket ball played at high level substantially improves the fitness level of polio individuals and may counteract the expected negative evolution of the muscular function of these patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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