668 research outputs found
Två förtroendemäns syn på socialarbetaren och det sociala arbetet
No full textTvå förtroendemän ger här sin syn på uppgifts- och ansvarsfördelningen mellan förtroendemän och tjänstemän inom socialvården.Mats Hulth (s) är socialborgarråd i Stockholm. Göran Astrand (m) är vice ordförande i Sociala Centralnämnden i samma kommun
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Evidence for suboxic nitrification in recent marine sediments
No full textThe classical scheme of biogeochemical zones (BGZ) is known to be an oversimplification
of the microbial processes that occur in organic-rich marine sediments. Results from a coupled
deployment of pore-water gel probes in Loch Duich, Scotland, provide direct evidence for rapid
recycling within the iron reduction (FeR) and sulphate reduction (SR) zones. High resolution porewater
profiles obtained using diffusive equilibrium in thin films (DET) gel probes found a nitrate peak
at the boundary between the FeR and SR zones. This non-steady state feature is consistent with recycling
of reduced N occurring throughout the FeR zone. Both conventional pore-water iron profiles
and results from diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT) probes indicate that iron is solubilised and precipitated
in rapid Fe/S recycling reactions throughout the SR zone. The presence of such complex
recycling reactions confirms the oversimplification of the classical BGZ scheme
Approximate Analytical Solutions of the Schrödinger Equation with Hulthén Potential in the Global Monopole Spacetime
No full textIn this paper, we studied the nonrelativistic quantum mechanics of an electron in a spacetime containing a topological defect. We also considered that the electron is influenced by the Hulthén potential. In particular, we dealt with the Schrödinger equation in the presence of a global monopole. We obtained approximate solutions for the problem, determined the scattering phase shift and the S-matrix, and analyzed bound states
Applications of the Modified Hulth\'en-Kohn Method for Bound and Scattering States
No full textWe apply the Hulth\`en-Kohn method suggested by V. D. Efros [Phys. Rev. C 99,
034620 (2019)] for calculating various observables in the continuum and
discrete spectrum using two-body interactions in single- and coupled-channel
systems. This method is promising for many-body applications and ab initio
description of nuclear reactions. We explore the convergence of phase shifts
and wave functions as well as the location of S-matrix poles which enables
obtaining both resonance and bound state parameters. We find that adopting wave
functions from approximate bound-state solutions for the short-range components
of basis wave functions leads to good convergence.Comment: 26 pages, 28 figure
Supersymmetric Expansion Algorithm and complete analytical solution for the Hulth\'en and anharmonic potentials
No full textAn algorithm for providing analytical solutions to Schr\"{o}dinger's equation
with non-exactly solvable potentials is elaborated. It represents a symbiosis
between the logarithmic expansion method and the techniques of the
superymmetric quantum mechanics as extended toward non shape invariant
potentials. The complete solution to a given Hamiltonian is obtained
from the nodeless states of the Hamiltonian and of a set of
supersymmetric partners . The nodeless states (dubbed
"edge" states) are unique and in general can be ground or excited states. They
are solved using the logarithmic expansion which yields an infinite systems of
coupled first order hierarchical differential equations, converted later into
algebraic equations with recurrence relations which can be solved order by
order. We formulate the aforementioned scheme, termed to as "Supersymmetric
Expansion Algorithm'' step by step and apply it to obtain for the first time
the complete analytical solutions of the three dimensional Hulth\'en--, and the
one-dimensional anharmonic oscillator potentials.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figure
Abstrakt sammanfattning av användarrecensioner genom prompt engineering
No full textA BSTRACTIVE S UMMARIZATIONS OF U SER R EVIEWS THROUGH P ROMPT E NGINEERING Abstrakt sammanfattning av användarrecensioner genom prompt engineering Lisa Etzell, Nora Hulth 1 Abstract—This study explores the effectiveness of using LLMs for generating summaries of customer reviews. The model GPT-3.5 was used and two different methods for formulating prompts were tested: shot-prompting and pattern prompting. When handling larger amounts of reviews that risk reaching the length of the model’s context window, clustering and iterative summarization was used. The generated summaries were assessed through both human evaluation as well as automatic ROUGE and BERTScore measures. Results indicate that shot-prompting improved the quality of the generated summaries, while pattern-prompting did not show any clear improvements. Clustering reviews generally reduces summary quality. The results in combination with a literature study were used to assess what value the summaries could provide in practical application at an e-commerce company, which was conducted through a SWOT analysis. In the analysis several opportunities for companies were identified, including improved accessibility of review information for customers, leading to increased satisfaction, and internal use for business development purposes. Despite some threats such as inaccuracies and legal requirements, it was concluded that leveraging summaries of reviews can provide value to companies.Denna studie undersöker effektiviteten av att använda stora språkmodeller (LLM) för att generera sammanfattningar av kundrecensioner. Modellen GPT-3.5 användes och två olika metoder för att formulera prompts testades: shot-prompting och pattern-prompting. Vid hantering av större mängder recensioner som riskerar att överskrida modellens kontextfönster användes klustring och iterativ sammanfattning. De genererade sammanfattningarna utvärderades både genom mänsklig bedömning samt genom de automatiska måtten ROUGE och BERTScore. Resultaten visar att shot-prompting förbättrade kvaliteten på de genererade sammanfattningarna, medan pattern-prompting inte visade några tydliga förbättringar. Att klustra recensioner reducerar generellt sett kvaliteten på sammanfattningarna. Resultaten, tillsammans med en litteraturstudie, användes för att bedöma vilket värde sammanfattningarna skulle kunna ge vid praktisk tillämpning på ett e-handelsföretag, vilket genomfördes genom en SWOT-analys. I analysen identifierades flera möjligheter för företag, inklusive förbättrad tillgänglighet av informationen i recensionerna för kunder, vilket kan leda till ökad kundnöjdhet, samt intern användning för affärsutvecklingsändamål. Trots vissa hot med felaktigheter i sammanfattningarna och juridiska krav, drogs slutsatsen att användning av sammanfattningar av recensioner kan skapa värde för e-handelsföretag
Dissertatio philosophica de justo, quam ... præside ... Dn. Andrea Norcopense ... candidorum examini subijcit Nicolaus Hulth Smol. S. R. M. in facultate juridica alumn. in Audit. Gustav. Majori ad diem [ ] Iunii Anno 1677. [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textAbstrakt sammanfattning av användarrecensioner genom prompt engineering
No full textA BSTRACTIVE S UMMARIZATIONS OF U SER R EVIEWS THROUGH P ROMPT E NGINEERING Abstrakt sammanfattning av användarrecensioner genom prompt engineering Lisa Etzell, Nora Hulth 1 Abstract—This study explores the effectiveness of using LLMs for generating summaries of customer reviews. The model GPT-3.5 was used and two different methods for formulating prompts were tested: shot-prompting and pattern prompting. When handling larger amounts of reviews that risk reaching the length of the model’s context window, clustering and iterative summarization was used. The generated summaries were assessed through both human evaluation as well as automatic ROUGE and BERTScore measures. Results indicate that shot-prompting improved the quality of the generated summaries, while pattern-prompting did not show any clear improvements. Clustering reviews generally reduces summary quality. The results in combination with a literature study were used to assess what value the summaries could provide in practical application at an e-commerce company, which was conducted through a SWOT analysis. In the analysis several opportunities for companies were identified, including improved accessibility of review information for customers, leading to increased satisfaction, and internal use for business development purposes. Despite some threats such as inaccuracies and legal requirements, it was concluded that leveraging summaries of reviews can provide value to companies.Denna studie undersöker effektiviteten av att använda stora språkmodeller (LLM) för att generera sammanfattningar av kundrecensioner. Modellen GPT-3.5 användes och två olika metoder för att formulera prompts testades: shot-prompting och pattern-prompting. Vid hantering av större mängder recensioner som riskerar att överskrida modellens kontextfönster användes klustring och iterativ sammanfattning. De genererade sammanfattningarna utvärderades både genom mänsklig bedömning samt genom de automatiska måtten ROUGE och BERTScore. Resultaten visar att shot-prompting förbättrade kvaliteten på de genererade sammanfattningarna, medan pattern-prompting inte visade några tydliga förbättringar. Att klustra recensioner reducerar generellt sett kvaliteten på sammanfattningarna. Resultaten, tillsammans med en litteraturstudie, användes för att bedöma vilket värde sammanfattningarna skulle kunna ge vid praktisk tillämpning på ett e-handelsföretag, vilket genomfördes genom en SWOT-analys. I analysen identifierades flera möjligheter för företag, inklusive förbättrad tillgänglighet av informationen i recensionerna för kunder, vilket kan leda till ökad kundnöjdhet, samt intern användning för affärsutvecklingsändamål. Trots vissa hot med felaktigheter i sammanfattningarna och juridiska krav, drogs slutsatsen att användning av sammanfattningar av recensioner kan skapa värde för e-handelsföretag
Character and Function of Anammox Bacteria under Environmental Stress
No full textDuring the last few decades observations of novel processes involved in nitrogen transformations have fundamentally challenged the view of pathways and controlling mechanisms during local and global nitrogen cycling. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) constitutes one of these new pathways where autotrophic bacteria oxidize ammonium by nitrite to dinitrogen gas under anaerobic conditions. Anammox provides a shunt during nitrogen transformations as it bypasses the classical pathway of aerobic nitrification coupled to anaerobic denitrification, a reaction
scheme previously thought to be the sole source of dinitrogen gas in natural environments.
Anammox is now acknowledged as a widespread and a globally important sink for nitrogen in water column and sediment systems.
The first part of this thesis emphasises factors that regulate anammox bacteria in natural environments. Particular focus relates to coastal marine sediments and the importance of anammox for nitrogen removal under environmental stress associated with the temporal availability of oxygen and nutrients. Measurements of anammox and denitrification were made by 15N amendments including both shallow‐water illuminated autotrophic (net oxygen producing) sediments and deeper
heterotrophic (net oxygen consuming) sediments. While rates of anammox were
insignificant in illuminated sediments with primary production by benthic microalgae,
anammox was found almost as important as denitrification for total N2 production in the dark heterotrophic sediments. Long term laboratory incubations under different oxygen conditions confirmed the importance of oxygen availability for the removal of bioavailable nitrogen by N2 production in surface sediments.
In the second part of the thesis investigations focus on detailed mechanisms involved during anammox. Cutting edge analytical tools of membrane proteomics were utilized to identify and sub‐cellularly localize key proteins involved in the anammox reaction. Two proteins, the hydrazine synthase (previously hydrazine
hydrolase) and an F‐ATPase, were identified by proteomics and LC‐MS/MS analysis and subsequently targeted for antibody production. Through immunogold electron microscopy the hydrazine synthase was assigned to the interior of the anammoxosome, the unique “organelle” of anammox bacteria. The F‐ATPase was associated
with the anammoxosome membrane. These observations not only strengthen the important role of the anammoxosome during anammox metabolism, but also provide experimental support to the idea of the anammoxosome as an energized membrane
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