1,721,288 research outputs found
Geographical and economic patterns
No full textA fairly abundant literature exists on the agglomeration and concentration of industries and on the specialisation of countries and regions especially after the New Economic Geography (NEG) came into fashion. Most of this recent literature focuses on the manufacturing sector of the economy rather than the agricultural sector, as well as on the core rather than the periphery in core-periphery models. Thus, the agricultural sector received comparatively little at-tention regarding its impact on agglomeration, and/or how such processes af-fect it. This seems not to be necessarily justifiable at a European level, where a substantial amount of funding goes into agriculture. The recent EU-enlargement somehow enforced the role and the problems of agriculture since before joining the EU about 25% of the accession countries' labour force was employed in the primary sector, whilst only generating about 8% of GDP. An analogous story can be told regarding peripheral regions. The EU makes a lot of financial and political effort in order to improve the economic situation in pe-ripheral regions (36.4% of the total 2005 budget). Every member state is trying to support its remote regions to catch up economically either jointly with or separately from EU-efforts, for instance by subsidising firms relocating into those peripheral regions or by implementing some national support programs. Very frequently, a peripheral region is also a rural region, i.e. having a greater-than-average share of the agricultural employment, and a lower-than-average contribution to GDP. One obtains a very similar picture at a world-wide level from the WTO trade liberalisation negotiations from the Uruguay- to the Doha-Round, where it is frequently the agricultural sector that causes impediments to the agreements. In fact, liberalising trade and market access for manufacturing rarely poses comparatively great problems for the countries. One reason for this difference is the immobility of large parts of, and the low substitutability between the produc-tion factors employed in agriculture. Land is obviously immobile and hardly sub-stitutable in the production of agricultural goods. The workers employed in agri-culture are frequently rather low skilled, and interregionally immobile. Notwithstanding that, the NEG literature can shed some light on how to help agriculture to modernizing itself, and remote areas to become less margin-alized. In fact, the clustering of firms is reputed to have strong links with growth, which is one of the main concerns about peripheral regions. Moreover, commut-ing, intelligent agriculture" - i.e., combining the production factors "land" and "skilled labour" – and public infrastructure investment are important issues for developing the periphery. Thus, in considering which features of the NEG litera-ture are important to foster the development of agricultural and rural areas, we will review the influence of territory on the development of enterprises, including efforts to explain the spatial distribution of economic activity and the interactions between urban centres and rural areas
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Agglomeration, Agriculture, and the Perspective of the Periphery
No full textAbstract This paper aims at pulling everything related to ‘agriculture’ or the ‘periphery’ a little more into the focus of research. We try to achieve this through surveying the existing theoretical and empirical literature in the field of NEG (New Economic Geography) in order to elaborate its linkages to immobile factors such as land, land-intensive productive activities, agriculture, rural areas, and the periphery. The main features of the broad variety of NEG models are reviewed with a special focus on the theme of agglomeration, which turns out to be vital for rural areas. All of these contributions are then commented on, with the aim of suggesting and discussing some future lines of research in the field. Agglomération, agriculture, et la perspective de la périphérie RÉSUMÉ La présente communication s'efforce de placer davantage tout ce qui concerne ‘l'agriculture’ ou la ‘périphérie’ sous l'optique de la recherche. Pour ceci, nous nous efforçons d'examiner de près les ouvrages théoriques et empiriques existants dans le domaine du NEG (New Economic Geography), afin d'en examiner les rapports avec des facteurs immuables comme la terre, les activités de production à utilisation intensive de la terre, l'agriculture, les zones rurales, et la périphérie. On se penche sur les principales caractéristiques du grand nombre de modèles NEG, en mettant tout particulièrement l'accent sur le thème de l'agglomération, qui s'avère jouer un rôle d'importance primordiale pour les zones rurales. On présente ensuite des commentaires sur toutes ces contributions dans le but de proposer certaines filières de recherche futures dans ce domaine, et d'en discuter. Aglomeración, agricultura y la perspectiva de la periferia RÉSUMÉ Este trabajo tiene como objetivo poner todo lo relacionado con la ‘agricultura’ o la ‘periferia’ un poco más en el foco de investigación. Intentamos hacerlo a través de una inspección de la bibliografía teórica y empírica existente en el campo NEG (New Economic Geography), con objeto de elaborar sus vínculos con factores inmóviles, tales como el terreno, actividades productivas que requieren terreno, agricultura, áreas rurales y la periferia. Las principales características de la amplia variedad de modelos NEG se revisan con un enfoque especial en el tema de la aglomeración, que resulta tener una importancia vital para las áreas rurales. Seguidamente, todas estas contribuciones se comentan con el propósito de sugerir y discutir líneas futuras de investigación en el campo.New Economic Geography, agriculture, periphery, remote, rural areas, F12, O18, R12, R14,
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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