1,721,036 research outputs found
Accuracy, definition, integrity in medical terminology
No full textAccuracy, definition, integrity are the cornerstones of correct information. The importance of fidelity in words is not only a due act, but above all an act of faith for those who believe in the teaching of human life
Accuracy: The Mediterranean diet
An Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, the Mediterranean diet rests on fragile foundations and data. Based on the "Seven Countries Study", designed and led in the 60s by the American nutritionist Ancel Keys, enrolled only men, and never established a link between diet and mortality. In the then life style, more than just a way of eating, the wheat was whole, the bread was "full-grain bread". In the subsequent translation the global spread the term "full-grain" simply disappeared. The habits of that time envisaged principles that in no way could be equally considered in following years, when everything changed.
Definition of description. The rare diseases
A disease is rare if its prevalence is of five people affected per 10,000 inhabitants. This relationship is fixed but the conditions that fall into it are not. A genetic syndrome, i.e. a set of signs due to a single mutation, usually originate from a description, not from a discovery. The term description well defines something that can include or exclude during times, that can evolve. Understanding the concept of description means understanding the evolution of definitions and discovering cases where no one would ever look.
Integrity. Sex and gender medicine. The foundation of gender medicine.
Each human being, is identified as male or female according to sex-chromosomes and, if linked to social interaction as humans are, by its gender
Sex and gender have a different meaning and are expressed separately, in almost all languages (not in German for example). The two terms are not interchangeable, they are not synonyms. Having eliminated the term 'sex' from the definition of gender medicine has opened the door to a confused perspective and has paved the way to the inclusion of topics that have little or nothing to do with the original principle
Narrative medicine and medical narratives : Marfan syndrome between definition, description and narration
No full textThis study examines the interconnection between narratives, descriptions and definitions in reports on Marfan syndrome. A so-called rare disease, this syndrome is little known and may be difficult to recognize and diagnose.
Following an interdisciplinary approach, the doctor’s view on narrative medicine and the linguist’s view on
medical narratives are brought together. Four seminal reports on the condition are analysed, starting from the 1896 one that first described and defined the syndrome. The cases examined show how Marfan’s syndrome has, in the course of history, been described employing narrative elements, which may have led experts to taking the sets of variable signs characterizing it as definitory and not as descriptive, hence delaying the prompt recognition of new cases. The cooperation between linguistic theory and medical practice is thought to prove of help in speeding up diagnoses
Teaching Medical English: Methods and Models
No full textMedical English studies are an increasingly significant component of university life, in both medical and biomedical degree courses as well as medically-oriented research projects. Nowhere is this truer than in Italy. This volume records the state of the art in this area of knowledge and teaching as discussed in the First National Conference on Medical English held in Foggia in April 2010 and from which the papers in this volume ultimately derive. Teaching Medical English: Methods and Models is thus a record of up-to-date research and thinking in the worldwide scholarly community as well as a guide to current teaching activities and best practices
Copper distribution among physical and chemical fractions in a former vineyard soil
No full textIn a former vineyard soil, copper (Cu) concentration was detected in different soil chemical and physical fractions, with the aim: I) to identify soil fractions more important in Cu retention; II) to reveal if pain symptoms shown by herbaceous crops were attributable to phytoxicity of available Cu forms; III) to compare the effectiveness of different methodological approaches in detecting Cu concentration and distribution. A comparison of aqua regia and H2SO4 + HNO3 mixture as soil digestion procedures, in moist and dry soil samples, was performed. Both methods were valid in Cu determination, giving comparable results for this soil. Differently, a 21 % lower Cu concentration was found in moist samples with both methods. Two sequential procedures were used to chemically fractionate total Cu. The first one separated exchangeable, sorbed, organically bound, and precipitated forms. The second one separated water soluble, exchangeable, Fe and Mn and organic matter bound fractions. Despite t..
Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) for Communications with Seniors and Non-Hearing Users at Public Spaces: Speech-To-Text Technology for Live Subtitling and Accessibility
No full textConsidered the increasing ageing and multilingualism of population in public space across Italy and Europe, the application of AI Technologies in multilingual communications and for the purposes of accessibility has become an important challenge in the production of translation and interpreting services. In particular, the widespread usage of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and Automatic Speech Translation (AST) technology represents a significant, recent development in the attempt of satisfying the increasing demand for interinstitutional, multilingual communications at inter- governmental level. The application of ASR technology, combined with Neural Machine Translation (NMT), may allow for the breaking down of communication barriers between single speakers or among more individuals at European public conferences or public spaces. ASR technology can also facilitate the communication with older people and non- hearing users. Thanks to Speech to Text technology, it is possible to guarantee content accessibility for non- hearing audience via subtitles. Hence the need for analyzing and evaluating ASR output emerges: a quantitative approach will be adopted with the objective of assessing its accuracy. A small corpus of F.A.O.’s English- language speeches and conferences on the impact of Climate Change on the Agricultural Production is taken into consideration, which is then analyzed by applying a statistical approach based on NER model. Only three typologies of SR errors will be identified and evaluated and all errors will be statistically quantified by using an adapted version of the NER model on the basis of two different variables: Native and Non- Native Speakers. Subtitles have been compared to a gold standard corpus. The study is intended to demonstrate that ASR technology can be a valuable instrument to cope with the issues of communications with seniors and non- hearing persons in public European institutions and spaces where aging and multilingualism are posing new challenges
Energy from biomass: results of two-years trials on annual and perennial herbaceous species
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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