1,720,990 research outputs found
CLOSING-IN BEHAVIOUR IN MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT: UN DEFICIT ESECUTIVO
Full text linkThis study explored Closing-in behavior (CIB), the tendency in figure copying to draw very close to or on top of the
model, in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The files of 154 people diagnosed with MCI were reviewed and CIB was
identified in 21% of cases. Two approaches were used to explore CIB. First, we capitalized on the diverse cognitive
profiles within MCI, subdividing the overall sample into people with and without memory deficits. The frequency of CIB
was significantly higher in multidomain non-amnestic MCI than in multidomain amnestic MCI, suggesting that CIB is not
associated with specific memory impairment. Second, we assessed the cognitive correlates of CIB, by selecting patients
with MCI who completed a battery of executive, visuo-constructional and memory tasks. Sub-groups of patients with and
without CIB showed a similar overall severity of cognitive decline and comparable performance in visuo-constructional
and memory tasks, but those with CIB were slightly but significantly more impaired on executive function tasks.
The study provides evidence against memory-based accounts of CIB, and supports recent suggestions that executive
impairments are the dominant cognitive correlate of this clinical sign
Linguistic and cultural validation of an instrument for the analysis of ethical values of nursing students with special reference to honesty and altruism
No full textto orient the nursing education and to improve the effectiveness of clinical practice is important to understand the values of the students. the literature review has shown that there have been changes in the values of the students, in the last twenty years. In contemporary students there has been a general decrease of altruism, but also a Greater appreciation fro the honesty toward patients. There are no validated Italian instruments wich explore personal and professional values of nursing students. the study design was a linguistic - cultural adaptation and validation of an instrument of research. The purpuse was validate, for the Italian context, the Salford - scott Nursing Values Questionnaire. Were used the validation Models of Beaton and Valmi.
The instruments was achieved face validity as the percentage of clarity for each item was 100%. It was awarded the validity of the content, as measured by the index of validity of the content (I- CVI) and the index of validity of the scale (S- CVI). The study also confirmed the reliability of the internal consistency of the instrument with a value of Cronbach's Alpha of the total of the items of o.95. the reliability of the test- retest confirm the stability of the instrument over time.
The instrument in ready to be administered to the target population, or rather to a sample of nursing student
The Italian validation of the Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire
No full textBACKGROUND: To properly direct nursing training and to improve the professional practice to become more effective, it is important to understand students' values. Literature review has shown that there have been changes in students' values in the last 20 years. In contemporary students, a general decrease in altruism has been observed, but also a larger appreciation for honesty toward patients has been declared. The analyzed literature did not find validated tools available in Italian that explore personal and professional values of nursing students.
DESIGN OF THE STUDY: This study was an Italian linguistic and cultural adaptation of a research tool.
PURPOSE: The authors aimed to validate, for the Italian context, the Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire, enhanced by Johnson to explore the nursing profession's values.
METHODS: The Beaton Model was used as well as Valmi's. These models require five phases, with the goal of producing a pre-final version of the instrument for it to then be administered to a sample of the target and expert population.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: The study was approved by the Council of the Nursing Degree University course of the Modena and Reggio Emilia University, Reggio Emilia site, and the identity of the subjects was protected at every moment of the testing.
RESULTS: Face validation was achieved since the clarity percentile for each item was 100%. Content validity was also reached, measured from the content validity index and the scale validity index. The study has confirmed the reliability of the instrument's internal consistence with a value of Cronbach's alpha on 0.95 of total of items. The reliability of the test-retest confirms the stability of the instrument in time (r = 0.908; p = 0.01).
CONCLUSION: The study concludes that the instrument is ready to be administered to the target population, a sample group of nursing students
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Identification of epithelial cells in bronchoalveolar lavage.
No full textDamage to the bronchial epithelium occurs after the inhalation of toxic substances and allergens, and through virus infections and it may lead to increased desquamation of epithelial cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). 2. In this study we compared two methods of staining the epithelial cells of BAL, the conventional cytochemical May Grunwald-Giemsa stain (MGG) and an immunocytochemical technique using a monoclonal antibody anti-human cytokeratin (CK) detected with APAAP immuno-alkaline phosphatase. BAL was obtained from 13 subjects and the epithelial cells were cytocentrifuged either immediately after collection (fraction A) or after washing (fraction B). 3. Higher percentages of epithelial cells were identified in fraction A with CK (20.0 +/- 5.1%) than in fraction A with MGG (11.2 +/- 2.3%), which recognized only ciliated epithelial cells. In fact a proportion of CK-positive cells (34%) in fraction A were not ciliated. Underestimation of epithelial cells by MGG compared to CK was more pronounced in fraction B (8.0 +/- 2.9% and 22.9 +/- 3.0%, respectively) as there was a relative loss of ciliated CK+ cells after washings. 4. These results suggest that immunocytochemical staining with an anti-cytokeratin monoclonal antibody is more sensitive than using the MGG stain in detecting epithelial cells in BAL
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