104 research outputs found
Il tema del verde nella pianificazione urbanistica nazionale e regionale.
No full textI temi della pianificazione e progettazione verde (in particolare di quello pubblico), nonché della sua gestione, sono stati e sono tuttora in continua evoluzione e rivestono particolare interesse per gli enti pubblici preposti all’amministrazione e alla pianificazione delle realtà urbane. Lo dimostrano sia la crescente richiesta da parte della società di spazi verdi fruibili e vivibili, che una sempre maggiore attenzione da parte dei progettisti, degli enti locali e di molti studiosi, al tema della progettazione e realizzazione di spazi verdi adeguati ed estesi, secondo protocolli di qualità definiti dagli attuali strumenti normativi. Il presente lavoro si è posto l’obiettivo di studiare l’evoluzione del tema del verde urbano nella pianificazione urbanistica, facendo riferimento al caso studio della città di Imola. La metodologia adottata ha previsto sia lo studio comparativo in ambiente GIS delle cartografie dei piani adottati a partire dal secondo dopoguerra, sia elaborazioni numeriche dei parametri urbanistici relativi all’evoluzione della città, con particolare riferimento all’evoluzione delle specifiche dotazioni di verde urbano nelle diverse e poche considerate nello studio. Lo studio ha consentito di evidenziare quanto segue: - Imola può essere concepita come un “laboratorio sperimentale di urbanistica”; - Imola è una delle prime amministrazioni comunali in ambito nazionale a dotarsi di un piano regolatore generale, a un solo decennio dalla promulgazione della legge urbanistica nazionale n. 1150/1942 e a pochi anni dal termine del secondo conflitto mondiale; - il primo PRG, adottato nel 1953 e approvato a distanza di soli due anni, prevedeva una progettazione del verde basata non sul mero rispetto di standard di legge, ma sull’importanza della sua funzione ambientale a servizio della collettività insediata e insediabile (realizzazione di alberature lungo i principali viali, ispirata all’opera del Poggi a Firenze), riconoscendo anche al verde privato un valore per la collettività; - detto strumento risulta, per i sopraccitati aspetti, persino antesignano nei confronti dei più attuali orientamenti normativi (si cita ad esempio la legge urbanistica della Regione Toscana n. 1/2005), che considerano il verde pubblico e quello privato come facenti parte di un unico sistema, cui spetta il compito di bilanciare l’impatto ambientale dovuto alle attività antropiche; - la V.G. al PRG del 1999 anticipa alcuni contenuti della successiva L.R. 20/2000 dell’Emilia-Romagna (articolazione del piano regolatore nelle componenti strutturale ed operativa); - negli attuali strumenti urbanistici il verde viene inteso non più come elemento prevalentemente lineare ma come insieme di aree tra loro funzionalmente collegate
Two different mechanisms for omission and substitution errors in neglect dyslexia
No full textNeglect dyslexia is a reading disorder often associated with right-sided brain lesions. In reading single words, errors are mostly substitutions or omissions of letters that occupy the left-sided positions. Typically, these errors have been thought to depend on a single mechanism. Conversely, we propose that they are due to different mechanisms. In particular, a visuo-spatial mechanism is responsible for omissions and a perceptual integration process for substitution errors. We measured the performance of six patients with both neglect and neglect dyslexia, analyzing their reading errors as a function of letter spacing. According to our conjecture, letter spacing should increase omissions by moving part of the string further in the unattended space, while it should reduce substitutions by restoring the integration processes. Furthermore, we predict that letter spacing should be more effective with pseudowords compared to words, in that in this latter case lexical effects are supposed to influence attentional and perceptual processes. Accordingly, we found that for pseudowords only the two types of errors are differently affected by this manipulation and only omissions correlate with the severity of the disorder in visuo-spatial tasks
Effetto dell’integrazione alimentare sull’utilizzo del pascolo da parte di daini in accrescimento
No full textNei mesi da giugno a ottobre 32 daini maschi di due età (14 e 26 mesi, peso medio iniziale 32,9 e 46,2 kg) sono stati allevati su pascolo di 1 ha, a base di festuca, suddiviso in 2 settori, con o senza integrazione di concentrato (0,5 kg SS/capo/giorno). In ogni settore erano presenti 8 esemplari di ciascuna età.La biomassa pascolabile si è mantenuta costantemente più elevata nel settore con integrazione (118 vs 40 g di SS/m2), dove la crescita dell’erba ha superato l’asportazione e si è verificato un progressivo accumulo di materiale vegetale. Nel settore senza integrazione, i daini hanno complessivamente asportato una quantità di erba maggiore (+58%) e di migliore qualità, per effetto del minor accumulo di materiale senescente, ma il consumo giornaliero è progressivamente diminuito.Tutti gli animali hanno mostrato una flessione di accrescimento da agosto in poi. I daini che ricevevano l’integrazione con concentrato hanno fornito accrescimenti ponderali significativamente più elevati (76 vs 41 g/giorno)
Psychological factors in chronic pain patients waiting for motor cortex stimulation
No full textAim of this study was to evaluate if neurosurgical motor-cortex stimulation produce variations in personality traits, as assessed by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory 2 (MMPI-2), Clinical Depression Questionnaire (IPAT-CDQ) and Anxiety Scale Questionnaire (IPAT-ASQ) in functional chronic pain syndrome (CPS) subjects. Seven pharmacoresistent patients affected by CPS waiting for motor-cortex stimulation and a control group of six patients, admitted at the Neurosurgery Department, were considered in this study. Pre-Post assessment were performed for experimental group. Only pre-treatment assessments were performed in control group. Factorial and repeated measures Anovas were used for confrontations. In experimental group, compared to control group, Pre-treatment assessment showed high levels of Anxiety and pathological scores to Hs, D and Hy MMPI-2 scales. In the experimental group, Post-treatment showed a small decrease in the same scales. Notwithstanding the treatment seems produce slight variations on clinical scales, the personality pattern of chronic pain patients remains relatively stable
Assertiveness, hostility direction and psychosexual state in eating disorders: A wartegg test study
No full textAssertiveness, hostility and psychosexual state were studied in 37 women: 10 anorexics, 10 bulimics and 17 controls by Wartegg projective Italian Institute Method. Evocative feature, affective and formal quality were coded on all 8 tables. ANOVAs show bulimics, vs. anorexic and control groups, dispose of few emotional and motivational resources, of a low level of future planning (Tab III, AQ: p< .05) and of an inadequate management of hostility control (Tab V, FQ: p< .05). Anorexics show difficulties on cognitive functions of truth examination (Tab VI, AQ, FQ: p< .05) and on psychosexual state (Tav II, FQ: p< .05)
Psychopathology and dietary restriction: A comparison between eating disorders and Type 1 diabetes
No full textThe Authors studied psychological effects of chronic dietary restriction in different pathological groups, with exogenous or self prescribed dieting: a group of Type 1 diabetic subjects, and a group of chronic anorexic subjects. In addition to the comparison with a group of normal controls, the two groups with dietary restriction were compared to a group of bulimic subjects, who displayed dyscontrol of eating behaviour. Four groups of 11 young adult subjects (Anorexics, Bulimics, Type 1 Diabetics and Controls), age range 20-39 years, were studied by I.P.A.T. ASQ (anxiety questionnaire), I.P.A.T, CDQ (Clinical Depression Questionnaire) and Draw a Person test. Variance analysis showed significant differences between groups: both Eating disorders groups showed clinically relevant depression levels, that were significantly higher than controls, whereas Diabetic subjects had scores not different from normal controls. The variable dyscontrol over eating behaviour was related (Bulimic Ss.) to significantly higher level of anxiety in comparison with other groups. At Draw a Person test, Anorexic and Diabetic Ss. showed a less articulated body concept than normal and Bulimic Ss. While diabetes free from long term complications does not seem to be a cause of clinical depression or anxiety, the body dimension is involved in these subjects, in the area of cognitive and emotional dependence. Anxious and depressive components are instead an integrant part of Eating disorders psychopathology and of self-prescribed dietary restrictions
Neural correlates of psychodynamic psychotherapy in borderline disorders--a pilot investigation.
No full textEnvironmental influences Produce functional modifications
in neural systems [1]. Psychotherapy, that can produce behavioral
and psychological changes byverbal communication and interperson;
l relation, affects the brain, but how [2]
The role of preSMA and STS in face recognition: A transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) study
No full textCurrent models propose that facial recognition is mediated by two independent yet interacting anatomo-functional systems: one processing facial features mainly mediated by the Fusiform Face Area and the other involved in the extraction of dynamic information from faces, subserved by Superior Temporal Sulcus (STS). Also, the pre-Supplementary Motor Area (pre-SMA) is implicated in facial expression processing as it is involved in its motor mimicry. However, the literature only shows evidence of the implication of STS and preSMA for facial expression recognition, without relating it to face recognition. In addition, the literature shows a facilitatory role of facial motion in the recognition of unfamiliar faces, particularly for poor recognizers. The present study aimed at studying the role of STS and preSMA in unfamiliar face recognition in people with different face recognition skills. 34 healthy participants received repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the right posterior STS, pre-SMA and as sham during a task of matching of faces encoded through: facial expression, rigid head movement or as static (i.e., absence of any facial or head motion). All faces were represented without emotional content. Results indicate that STS has a direct role in recognizing identities through rigid head movement and an indirect role in facial expression processing. This dissociation represents a step forward with respect to current face processing models suggesting that different types of motion involve separate brain and cognitive processes. PreSMA interacts with face recognition skills, increasing the performance of poor recognizers and decreasing that of good recognizers in all presentation conditions. Together, the results suggest the use of at least partially different mechanisms for face recognition in poor and good recognizers and a different role of STS and preSMA in face recognition
EEG Data of Face Recognition in Case of Biological Compatible Changes: A Pilot Study on Healthy People
No full textRecognizing people from their faces has a strong impact on social interaction. In this paper we present a pilot study on healthy people where brain activities during a face recognition task have been recorded using electroencephalogram (EEG). Target images (previously seen in a training phase), were presented in the recognition phase in two different conditions: identical to those of the initial phase, modified with biologically plausible changes (such as features enlargement or changed expression) and randomly presented with new faces. The raw EEG data were properly cleaned from both biological or non-physiological artifacts. Statistically significant differences in brain activations were registered between the two experimental conditions, especially in the frontal area, during the recognition process. The results of the analysis on this database of healthy people can be useful as baseline for further studies on people affected by congenital prosopagnosia or autism
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