1,721,003 research outputs found
Spatial patterns of inventors’ mobility: Evidence on US urban areas
No full textThis paper aims at contributing to the research on knowledge spillovers and their spatial extent by presenting new empirical evidence on a key mechanism driving and directing knowledge diffusion processes, namely, the mobility of knowledge and highly-skilled workers. The analysis is based on a rich data set on US inventors and their patents filed at the European Patent Office from 1978 to 2004. Findings indicate that two distinctive spatial patterns can be detected: inventors move both at short and large spatial distances in similar proportions. Interestingly, in the largest innovative urban areas inventors’ inflows and outflows primarily involve distant rather than neighbour areas
Cross-firm inventors and social networks: localised knowledge spillovers revisited
No full textThe paper explores the role of inventors’ mobility and social networks in generating
localized knowledge flows. Using a sample of Italian inventors, we replicate Jaffe’s, Trajtenberg’s, and
Henderson’s [1993] test on patent citations and find similar results. We then control for the role of “crossfirm
inventors” (inventors who move across, or do research for different companies), who generate personal
self-citations and help creating social links across companies by entering various teams of inventors,
which in turn will cite each others’ patents. When controlling for personal self-citations, no localization
of knowledge flows remains to be seen at the city or province level. What remains of localization effects
at the regional level diminishes sensibly after controlling also for the social ties between inventors from
cited, citing, and control patents. Knowledge flows thus appear to be localized to the extent that crossfirm
activity of inventors and the resulting social networks are also localized. The weight of personal
self-citations suggests that frequent interpretations of localized knowledge flows as spillovers, that is
externalities, may be misplaced
La posizione dell’Italia nello Spazio Europeo della Ricerca: partecipazione e prospettive
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Sectoral patterns of entrepreneurship in high-technologies: Evidence from a sample of European innovative firms
No full textFrom publishing to patenting: do productive scientists turn into academic inventors?
No full textThe paper contributes to ongoing debate on the relationship between publishing and patenting in university. By applying event history analysis to patent and publication data for a sample of Italian academic scientists, we show that more productive scientists are more likely to become academic inventors, to no detriment of their orientation towards basic research. Research co-operation with industry is a useful predictor of patenting, when IPRs are owned by business companies
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