1,720,972 research outputs found
The impact of information and communication technologies: an insight at micro-level on one Italian region
No full textIt has been debated as to whether European countries and Italy itself have yet shared in the US productivity growth driven by the information and communication technology
(ICT) revolution. This paper investigates the extent of ICT diffusion in manufacturing firms from an Italian region and its effect on performance at a micro-level from 2002 to
2008. It contributes to previous findings from three perspectives. First, it investigates the causal link between ICT adoption and productivity; second, it considers the distributional effect of ICT by measuring its impact on firms with different levels of efficiency and productivity; and third, it takes into account the important distinction between productive ICT embedded in machinery and capital equipment and integrating ICT acquired as licenses or know-how as external disembodied technology, with the basic purpose being to identify the channels through which ICT may work for different types of firms. The main findings are that (i) a wide dissemination of ICT is not exploited to its full potential;
(ii) the ICT adoption has produced higher growth in technical efficiency for adopter firms than for the non-adopter firms, but slower growth in productivity, so supporting
the productive paradox at the firm level; and (iii) different types of ICTs have had opposite impact among adopter firms – the adoption of ICTs as productive embodied
technologies has accelerated the performance growth of firms with lower growth rates, while the adoption of ICTs of organisational type has increased their delay in efficiency
and productivity with respect to the firms with higher growth rates
Effect of different antifungals on the control of paper biodeterioration caused by fungi
No full textThe inhibition of some fungal strains responsible for paper biodeterioration is reported. Antimicrobials (butylated hydroxytoluene, BHT and butylated hydroxyanisole, BHA), azole antifungals (econazole, miconazole and ketoconazole) and chitin synthase inhibitors (uridine, 5-fluorouridine, 2-deoxyuridine) have been assessed for efficacy against Penicillium chrysogenum Thom, Aspergillus terreus Thom, Stachybotrys atra Corda and Chaetomium elatum Kunze, fungal strains isolated from deteriorated papers. Our results have shown that the most evident inhibiting effect on fungal growth has been obtained with miconazole and econazole at 10−3 M
Effect of antifungal compounds on both fungal growth and aflatoxin biosynthesis by Aspergillus parasiticus.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
POSSIBLE ROLE OF ERGOSTEROL OXIDATION IN AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION BY ASPERGILLUS-PARASITICUS
No full textThe di-unsaturated linoleic acid and the tri-unsaturated ergosterol (ERG) represent the main poly-unsaturated molecules in membranes of Aspergillus parasiticus. The addition to Czapek Dox broth medium (CDM) cultures of A. parasiticus of compounds such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or cumene hydroperoxide (CUH), which are capable of inducing cell lipoperoxidation, causes a rapid and significant fall of microsomal and mitochondrial ERG concentrations (ng mg(-1) D.w.), but not of linoleic acid. A discharge of aflatoxins (AFT) follows ERG level reduction and it is associated either with a renewal of fungal growth due to nutrients (deriving from cell lysis and CCl4 or CUH catabolism), or with a slow increase of ERG in microsomes and mitochondria, which, in any case, does not reach the levels of the sterol present in these subcellular fractions before supplementations. A slight decrease of microsomal and mitochondrial ERG occurs also when substrates metabolizable by the fungus (yeast extracts, sucrose, 1-aminoacids) are added to CDM cultures. We suggest that ERG fall, probably due to oxidation, may be considered a trigger able to induce either further fungal growth or secondary metabolism stimulation
The use of multiple indices in evaluating stress and pollution effects on trees
No full textData are reported on peroxidase activity and mycorrhizal status on forest trees sampled in different natural sites. The results show that the two parameters examined react in the same way, discriminating fuctional differences between sites
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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