1,720,972 research outputs found

    Characterization of nifedipine microparticles prepared by hot air coating technique.

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    In the present work, the Hot Air Coating (HAC) technique was used to prepare microparticulate systems containing nifedipine. Binary mixtures constituting of nifedipine and cetearyl alcohol (CA) in different proportions (30:70, 50:50, 70:30) were studied: they were homogenized by mixing or milling before spray treatment and successively subjected to a coating procedure with the HAC apparatus fed with air at 120°C under a pressure of 4.5 atm. Morphology, entrapment efficiency, drug stability, thermal behaviour and the drug dissolution profile of HAC-treated and non-treated materials were examined and compared. The HAC products show the possession of physical and physico-chemical properties and dissolution behaviour different from those of the initial physical mixtures. The operative conditions employed in the spray process allow the obtaining of microparticles containing relevant percentages of the drug (at least up to 50%). Moreover, the experimental results give evidence that the milling pre-treatment of mixtures, unlike mixing, has significant effects on the properties of the lipid-coated microparticles

    Study of the effects of Pluronic F68 on nifedipine microparticles prepared by Hot Air Coating technique

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    In the present work microparticles prepared by Hot air Coating (HAC) technique and costing of nifedipine (nife), cetearyl alcohol (CA) and Pluronic F68 (F68) were investigated as a potential therapeutic system. The characteristics of these microparticles were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis electron microscopy and dissolution study. The results obtained by TGA, SEM and dissolution study show that Hot Air Coating technique significantly modifies the morphology of the nife-CA/F68 system and the dissolution of nifedipine. Moreover, it can be drawn that Pluronic F68 allows to modulate the release of nifedipine coated with cetearyl alcohol by this new spray process

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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