554 research outputs found
Resistin: An inflammatory cytokine. Role in cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and the metabolic syndrome
No full textResistin is an adipocyte- and monocyte-derived cytokine which has been implicated in the modulation of insulin action, energy, glucose and lipid homeostasis. Resistin has been associated with insulin resistance and many of its known complications. As a molecular link between metabolic signals, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction, resistin can be proposed as playing a significant role in the heightened inflammatory state induced by metabolic stress linked to excessive caloric intake, thus contributing to the risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this review, we highlighted the role of resistin, as an inflammatory cytokine, in the development of CVD, T2DM and the MetS. © 2014 Bentham Science Publishers
Anti-atherogenic Effects of 17β-Estradiol
No full textEstrogens are secreted primarily by the ovaries and placenta, by the testes in men and also produced by peripheral steroidogenic conversion. The 3 major naturally occurring estrogens are: 17β-estradiol (E2), estrone and estriol, of which E2 is the predominant and most active. The actions of E2 are mediated by at least 3 different receptors - the classical ERs (ERα and ERβ) and G-protein coupled receptor 30 (GPR30). E2 signaling in cardiomyocytes involves ERα- and ERβ-independent pathways, and treatment with the E2 receptor antagonists (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators- SERMs), which are agonists of GPR30, inhibits cardiac cell growth. Effects of E2 in preventing endothelial dysfunction, a prerequisite of atherosclerosis, are well recognized. Atherosclerosis involves interaction between the cells of the arterial wall endothelial cells (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), as well as migration of macrophages into wall tunica media. It is predominantly developed at sites with abnormally high shear stress, such as bifurcations or branching of arteries, initiated by an injury to the endothelium and exposure to atherogenic lipids and toxins, such as those contained in tobacco smoke or infectious agents. Animal studies have shown effects of E2 in preventing atherosclerosis, inflammation and endothelial or vascular dysfunction. Gender differences along this pathogenic pathway have been also described. We review the data from the available animal and human studies, which focus on anti-atherogenic effects of E2. These studies represent evidence, albeit indirect, for an inhibitory effect of E2 on the progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis
FRASIMED: a Clinical French Annotated Resource Produced through Crosslingual BERT-Based Annotation Projection
No full text<p>The French Annotated Resource with Semantic Information for Medical Entities Detection (FRASIMED) contains 2'051 synthetic clinical cases in French, with 24'037 annotated entities. The dataset contains two subsets:</p>
<ul>
<li>CANTEMIST-FR: Originally from CANTEMIST (Miranda-Escalada et al. (2020)), it contains 1'301 oncological notes, with 15'978 annotations linked to an ICD-O-3.1 morphology code. Additionally, 15’457 of them are linked to a SNOMED-CT code.</li>
<li>DISTEMIST-FR: Originally from DISTEMIST's training set (Miranda-Escalada et al. (2022)), it contains 750 clinical cases, with 8'059 annotations, with 5'132 of them linked to a SNOMED-CT code.</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Please, cite us:</strong></p>
<p>Zaghir, J., Bjelogrlic, M., Goldman, J.-P., Aananou, S., Gaudet-Blavignac, & Lovis, C. (2023). FRASIMED: a Clinical French Annotated Resource Produced through Crosslingual BERT-Based Annotation Projection. arXiv preprint http://arxiv.org/abs/2309.10770</p>
Resistin: An inflammatory cytokine. Role in cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and the metabolic syndrome
No full textResistin is an adipocyte- and monocyte-derived cytokine which has been implicated in the modulation of insulin action, energy, glucose and lipid homeostasis. Resistin has been associated with insulin resistance and many of its known complications. As a molecular link between metabolic signals, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction, resistin can be proposed as playing a significant role in the heightened inflammatory state induced by metabolic stress linked to excessive caloric intake, thus contributing to the risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this review, we highlighted the role of resistin, as an inflammatory cytokine, in the development of CVD, T2DM and the MetS. © 2014 Bentham Science Publishers
Selenotriapine – An isostere of the most studied thiosemicarbazone with pronounced pro-apoptotic activity, low toxicity and ability to challenge phenotype reprogramming of 3-D mammary adenocarcinoma tumors
No full textTriapine, the most studied α-N-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazone, revealed potent activity against advanced leukemia, but was ineffective against a variety of solid tumors. Moreover, methemoglobinemia, which is a side effect of triapine administration, may limits all clinical application. To enhance anticancer activity and reduce side effects, we applied an isosteric replacement of sulfur to selenium atom was performed by synthesis and characterization of selenium triapine analog, 3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde selenosemicarbazone (selenotriapine). Compared to triapine, selenotriapine revealed superior pro-apoptotic activity with activation of intrinsic apoptotic pathway in both human monocytic leukemia (THP-1) and mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines. For MCF-7 2-D cultures, selenotriapine induced notable increase in mitochondrial superoxide radical generation and dissipation of mitochondrial transmembrane potential. A significant delay in growth of MCF-7 spheroids (3-D culture) was accompanied by phenotypic stem cell reprogramming (Oct-4 expression). Additionally, selenotriapine demonstrated a very low toxicity profile as compared to triapine, confirmed over alleviated extent of methemoglobin formation and higher IC50 value in brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay
Pro-apoptotic and pro-differentiation induction by 8-quinolinecarboxaldehyde selenosemicarbazone and its Co(III) complex in human cancer cell lines
No full text8-Quinolinecarboxaldehyde selenosemicarbazone (H8qasesc) and its octahedral Co(iii) complex were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, spectroscopy methods and cyclic voltammetry. The antineoplastic activity of the ligand and the complex has been assessed on an acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) and AsPC-1 cancer stem cell (CSC) line derived from a patient suffering from pancreatic adenocarcinoma, with cisplatin (CDDP) as a reference compound. Evaluation involved determination of pro-apoptotic activity, changes in cell cycle distribution, the role of caspase activation in the process of cell death, and the ability of the investigated compounds to challenge reprogramming of the CSC phenotype. Compared to CDDP, treatment with H8qasesc induced a higher apoptotic response in both investigated cell lines. Apoptosis triggered by H8qasesc was highly caspase-dependent but did not include activation of either caspase-8 or -9. According to cell cycle changes H8qasesc delayed the transition of cells during DNA replication but in a manner different from that of CDDP. The ligand did not show nuclease activity on pUC19 plasmid, while docking studies disclosed that it does not have intercalating properties. Treatment of THP-1 cells with the Co(iii) complex resulted in a strong toxic response, whereas cell death in the treated AsPC-1 line was not achieved for 24 h. Additionally, the complex concentration-dependently digested plasmid DNA which might be the cause of its cytotoxic activity. Finally, H8qasesc successfully initiated reprogramming of the CSC phenotype in the AsPC-1 cell line
Azimuthal angular correlations of D mesons and charged particles with the ALICE detector at the LHC
No full textThe thesis presents the results of the analysis of azimuthal angular correlations of D mesons and charged particles with the ALICE detector, in pp and p-Pb collisions at center-of mass energies of 7 and 5.02 TeV respectively. The measurements have been performed differentially as function of the transverse momentum (pT) of the D mesons as well as of charged particles. The comparison of the correlation distribution (and of the relative parameters) obtained from the measurements in the two collisional systems, provides insights into the effect of cold nuclear matter effects on the fragmentation process and, indirectly on the heavy-quark production mechanisms. In addition, both the measurements represent the baseline for future measurements in Pb-Pb collisions. The correlation distributions are compared also to predictions of different Monte Carlo models, namely different tunes of PYTHIA, and POWHEG. An outlook of the near-future measurements in Pb-Pb collisions as well as of measurements using a data sample with a trigger provided by the electromagnetic calorimeter is also presented in the thesis
Cardioprotective activities of dexrazoxane (D), amifostine (A) and D,L-alpha-tocopherol (E) against cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin (Dx) alone and in combination with cyclophosphamide (C)
No full textIntellectual disability in patients with epilepsy with eyelid myoclonias
No full textWe describe here the clinical outcome of four women with epilepsy with eyelid myoclonia (aged 21–53 years). All patients had an uneventful early history, normal physical growth and appearance and no comorbid sensory or motor disability and normal brain magnetic resonance imaging finding. Two women were moderately and one mildly intellectually disabled and one showed a low-average intelligence. The overall well-being of the patients was hampered by psychiatric or various somatic comorbidities and related psychosocial problems. The three women with an intellectual disability had been treated with narrow-spectrum antiepileptic drugs and one also with vigabatrin during childhood and adolescence. The patient with a low-average intelligence had been on broad-spectrum antiepileptic medication (i.e. valproate and ethosuximide) since the epilepsy diagnosis but she has had compliance problems. Based on these cases, the cognitive deficits in patients with epilepsy with eyelid myoclonia may occur more commonly than what has been thought hitherto. We discuss the role of narrow-spectrum antiepileptic drugs as a contributing factor to poor seizure control and an impaired intelligence
Synthesis, structure and characterization of novel Cd(II) and Zn(II) complexes with the condensation product of 2-formylpyridine and selenosemicarbazide Antiproliferative activity of the synthesized complexes and related selenosemicarbazone complexes
No full textTwo novel Cd(II) and Zn(II) complexes with the condensation product of 2-formylpyridine and selenosemicarbazide were synthesized. The structure of Cd(II) complex was determined by X-ray crystallography. The ligand is coordinated in a neutral form via pyridine and azomethine nitrogen atoms and the selenium donor. The cadmium ion completes its five-coordination by two chloride ligands, forming a square-pyramidal geometry. The structure of Zn(II) complex was established by analysis of spectroscopic data, which indicated coordination of the ligand as a bidentate via the selenium and the azomethine nitrogen atoms. The cytotoxic activity of the newly synthesized complexes, as well as if five structurally related complexes and the ligand evaluated against eight tumor cell lines. The new Cd(II) complex showed the highest activity similar to cisplatin with IC50 less than 10 mu M for all cell lines. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis study showed that Cd(II) complex and cisplatin might have some similarity in anticancer activity, which was not the case for cisplatin and other studied complexes. Effects of the complexes on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) MMP-9 and MMP-2 was also studied. Cd(II) and Zn(II) complexes and cisplatin increased MMP-2 activity in supernatants of tested cells. while Ni(II) complex with the same ligand decreased the activity, implying a possible activity in preventing tumor invasion and metastasis processes. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
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