35,465 research outputs found
Current concepts on oxidative/carbonyl stress, inflammation and epigenetics in pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
No full textChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health problem. The current therapies for COPD are poorly effective and the mainstays of pharmacotherapy are bronchodilators. A better understanding of the pathobiology of COPD is critical for the development of novel therapies. In the present review, we have discussed the roles of oxidative/aldehyde stress, inflammation/immunity, and chromatin remodeling in the pathogenesis of COPD. An imbalance of oxidants/antioxidants caused by cigarette smoke and other pollutants/biomass fuels plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD by regulating redox-sensitive transcription factors (e.g., NF-κB), autophagy and unfolded protein response leading to chronic lung inflammatory response. Cigarette smoke also activates canonical/alternative NF-κB pathways and their upstream kinases leading to sustained inflammatory response in lungs. Recently, epigenetic regulation has been shown to be critical for the development of COPD because the expression/activity of enzymes that regulate these epigenetic modifications have been reported to be abnormal in airways of COPD patients. Hence, the significant advances made in understanding the pathophysiology of COPD as described herein will identify novel therapeutic targets for intervention in COPD
Diversity of research for a sustainable challenging world: A compilation of research by Malaysian postgraduates in New Zealand.
No full textEleven papers in social sciences, science and technology by Malaysian postgraduate students from the University of Waikato, presented at the First Waikato Malaysian Postgraduate Colloquium 201
Stata code: Additive and intersectional analyses for self-health concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada
No full textThis repository includes two files: (1) a secondary data file with an analytical sample, "Rahman_2022_Covid19 AnalyticalSample_StatCanadaData2020" and (2) a Stata code file, "Rahman_2022_Covid19_StataCode" .Rahman (2022) wrote Stata code to analyse a sub-sample (N=239143) of Statistics Canada’s publicly available crowdsourcing data for findings presented in a book chapter. The purpose of this chapter was to showcase the contrast between additive and intersectional approaches to examine the COVID-19 impact on intersectional groups of Canadians. See Rahman's (2022) methods section and Supplemental Figure S1 in order to learn about this analytical sample.Statistics Canada (2020a) collected crowdsourcing data online from April 3 to 23, 2020 to understand the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. Statistics Canada’s (2020a; 2020b) publicly available complete data set and their documentation can be downloaded from https://doi.org/10.25318/45250003-eng.REFERENCESRahman, Laila. 2022. Concern for self-health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: How to tell an intersectional story using quantitative data? In D. Woolford, D. Kotsopoulos, and B. Samuels (Eds.), Applied Data Science: Data Translators Across the Disciplines, Springer, Interdisciplinary Applied Sciences. (Accepted for publication).Statistics Canada. (2020a, June 3). Crowdsourcing: Impacts of COVID-19 on Canadians. https://doi.org/10.25318/45250003-engStatistics Canada. (2020b). User guide for the crowdsourcing: Impacts of the COVID-19 on Canadians, public use microdata file. https://doi.org/10.25318/45250003-en
Environmental toxicity, redox signaling and lung inflammation:the role of glutathione
No full textGlutathione (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine, GSH) is the most abundant intracellular antioxidant thiol and is central to redox defense during oxidative stress. GSH metabolism is tightly regulated and has been implicated in redox signaling and also in protection against environmental oxidant-mediated injury. Changes in the ratio of the reduced and disulfide form (GSH/GSSG) can affect signaling pathways that participate in a broad array of physiological responses from cell proliferation, autophagy and apoptosis to gene expression that involve H(2)O(2) as a second messenger. Oxidative stress due to oxidant/antioxidant imbalance and also due to environmental oxidants is an important component during inflammation and respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and asthma. It is known to activate multiple stress kinase pathways and redox-sensitive transcription factors such as Nrf2, NF-kappaB and AP-1, which differentially regulate the genes for pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as the protective antioxidant genes. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms for the induction of antioxidants, such as GSH, versus pro-inflammatory mediators at sites of oxidant-directed injuries may allow for the development of novel therapies which will allow pharmacological manipulation of GSH synthesis during inflammation and oxidative injury. This article features the current knowledge about the role of GSH in redox signaling, GSH biosynthesis and particularly the regulation of transcription factor Nrf2 by GSH and downstream signaling during oxidative stress and inflammation in various pulmonary diseases. We also discussed the current therapeutic clinical trials using GSH and other thiol compounds, such as N-acetyl-l-cysteine, fudosteine, carbocysteine, erdosteine in environment-induced airways disease
ʿAbd al-Raḥmān IV Al-Murtaḍà
No full text‘Abd al-Rahman IV: ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Muhammad b. ‘Abd al-Malik b. ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Nasir. al-Murtada. ?, s. X – Guadix (Granada), 1018-1019. Sexto califa omeya de Córdoba
Rahman polynomials
No full textTwo very closely related Rahman polynomials are constructed explicitly as the
left eigenvectors of certain multi-dimensional discrete time Markov chain
operators , . They are
convolutions of an -nomial distribution and an
-tuple of binomial distributions . The one for the
original Rahman polynomials is . The closely related one is \ . The original Markov chain was
introduced and discussed by Hoare, Rahman and Gr\"{u}nbaum as a multivariable
version of the known soluble single variable one. The new one is a
generalisation of that of Odake and myself. The anticipated solubility of the
model gave Rahman polynomials the prospect of the first multivariate
hypergeometric function of Aomoto-Gelfand type connected with solvable
dynamics. The promise is now realised. The system parameters
of the Rahman polynomials are completely determined. These
's are irrational functions of the original system parameters, the
probabilities of the multinomial and binomial distributions.Comment: LaTex2e 21 pages, no figure. Typos are corrected. The construction of
another type of Rahman polynomials is adde
Dietary polyphenols mediated regulation of oxidative stress and chromatin remodeling in inflammation
No full textSejarah evolusi sunnah:Studi Pemikiran Fazlur Rahman
No full textThis study tries to analyze Fazlur Rahman?s thought on the historical evolution of the sunnah as his response to some orientalists when he was in the West and to muslem scholars who had blamed him when he was in Pakistan. In fact, the study of Prophetic Sunnah applied by orientalists came up with conclution that the`sunnah is not original from the Prophet period. It is so since muslim scholars in Indo-Pakistan contradiction and are not in line with Rahman?s views of sunnah. In critizing the orientalists?s views of Prophetic Sunnah, Rahman tried to elaborate the historical contect of sunnah. According to him, the false views of orientalists were naturally caused by their overlapping perception of sunnah as the living practice and the concept of normative. For muslim scholars, Rahman realized the numerous thoughts among them. Rahman pointed out that evolution of sunnah was historically valid and originally sourced from Muhammad. It is the source of Islamic law. Rahman also said that sunnah is a living tradition of prophet?s Muhammad and a general umbrella concept
Probing of Barrier Induced Deviations in Current-Voltage Characteristics of Polymer Devices by Impedance Spectroscopy
No full textTemperature dependent current-voltage measurements have been performed on poly(3-methylthiophene) based devices in metal/polymer/metal geometry in temperature range 90-300 K. Space charge limited current (SCLC) controlled by exponentially distributed traps is observed at all the measured temperatures at intermediate voltage range. At higher voltages, trap-free SCLC is observed at 90 K only while slope less than 2 is observed at higher temperatures which is quiet unusual in polymer devices. Impedance measurements were performed at different bias voltages. The unusual behavior observed in current-voltage characteristics is explained by Cole-Cole plot which gives the signature of interface dipole on electrode/polymer interface. Two relaxation mechanisms are obtained from the real part of impedance vs frequency spectra which confirms the interface related phenomena in the devic
- …
