1,529 research outputs found
Mostra "Ugo Mulas"
No full textAllestimento della mostra dedicata al fotografo Ugo Mulas presso la galleria d el MAXXI (Museo delle arti del XX secolo)a Rom
Caratteri qualitativi dei frutti di nuove selezioni di mirto.
No full textIl mirto (Myrtus communis L.) è un arbusto
sempreverde appartenente alla famiglia delle
Myrtaceae originario del Sud Europa e del Nord
Africa. È una specie a carattere termofilo tipica della
macchia mediterranea, che si ritrova allo stato
spontaneo nelle aree litoranee dell’Italia meridionale
e della Sardegna, limitando il suo areale al di sotto
degli 800 m di altitudine. Grazie alle proprietà
chimiche ed organolettiche, le foglie e le bacche sono
la parte della pianta economicamente più utile e per
questo vengono utilizzate in vari ambiti (alimentare,
medico, farmaceutico, cosmetico). In Sardegna le
bacche vengono principalmente utilizzate per la
produzione del liquore, uno dei prodotti tipici più
esportati dalla regione, ottenuto dall’infusione
idroalcolica delle bacche di mirto giunte a piena
maturazione. La quantità e la qualità delle bacche
utilizzate nell’infusione risulta fondamentale per
l’ottenimento di un liquore di qualità che rispetti le
caratteristiche chimiche e organolettiche indicate nel
disciplinare di produzione del “Mirto di Sardegna”. La
quantità di bacche risulta inoltre fondamentale anche
per la conservabilità del liquore, infatti i composti
responsabili delle proprietà organolettiche del mirto
sono scarsamente stabili, pertanto i liquori hanno un
periodo di conservazione limitato. Cercando di
rispettare le proporzioni minime tra bacche e alcool
ammesse dal disciplinare di produzione del “Mirto di
Sardegna”, abbiamo voluto analizzare dal punto di
vista chimico gli infusi idroalcolici ottenuti da bacche
proveniente da 16 nuove selezioni varietali di mirto
(14 a bacca pigmentata e 2 a bacca bianca) derivanti
dalla propagazione agamica per talea di piante madri
ottenute dalla libera impollinazione di un gruppo di
cultivar collezionate in un campo sperimentale del
Dipartimento di Agraria dell’Università di Sassari e
derivanti da un programma di selezione che ha
interessato tutto il territorio della Sardegna (Mulas e
Cani, 1999; Mulas, 2012). Le bacche di ciascuna
cultivar sono state analizzate dal punto di vista
morfologico determinando: il peso, volume,
lunghezza, larghezza e forma del frutto, colore, peso
della polpa, numero di semi per frutto, il loro peso
medio e il rapporto polpa/seme.
In base alle indicazioni del disciplinare, le bacche,
subito dopo la raccolta, sono state poste in infusione
con una soluzione idroalcolica al 70%. Dopo 3 mesi
di infusione al buio e a temperatura ambiente, gli
infusi sono stati filtrati e analizzati. In particolare è
stata determinata l’acidità totale degli infusi, il
contenuto in polifenoli totali (tra 483,8 e 1.180,4 mg L-
1 di acido gallico), in antociani (tra 0,0 e 245 mg L-1 di
cianidina-3-glucoside) e in tannini (tra 0,2 e 18,9 mg
L-1 di acido gallico). Dai risultati è emersa l’elevata
variabilità tra le cultivar, infatti tra le 16 cultivar
analizzate alcune hanno mostrato un maggior
contenuto di polifenoli e antociani e un più basso
contenuto in tannini risultando tra le più idonee per la
produzione del liquore “Mirto di Sardegna”. Al
contrario, l’acidità totale degli infusi è risultata
pressoché costante in tutte le cultivar. Per quanto
riguarda i risultati relativi alle analisi morfologiche
delle bacche, la forma del frutto è risultata molto
variabile. Tra le selezioni, infatti, si osservavano frutti
ellittici, ovali, piriformi, allungati, piriformi-allungati e
arrotondati. Il colore delle bacche era solitamente di
color blu scuro ma alcune selezioni presentavano
una colorazione verde-gialla e bianca-verde. Il peso
delle bacche ha mostrato una bassa variabilità tra le
cultivar. Il numero di semi per frutto variava da 2,3 a
8,7 e il peso dei semi non era statisticamente diverso
tra le selezioni. Il rapporto polpa/seme variava da
2,98 a 6,87 e il peso della polpa variava da 0,16 g a
3,32 g. La caratterizzazione di nuove cultivar ha
permesso di approfondire le conoscenze sulle
proprietà e sulla variabilità della specie Myrtus
communis, fornendo così una prima determinazione
dei possibili usi delle diverse cultivar. Dalle analisi è
stato possibile individuare le cultivar che più si
prestano alla produzione di bacche da destinare alla
produzione del liquore di mirto
Effetto di trattamenti postraccolta con sali di calcio sulla qualità dei mandarini ‘Fortune’
No full text
Fondo documental del Archivo parroquial de Mansilla de las Mulas (León)
No full textp. 173-180Descripción de documentos del Archivo parroquial de Mansilla de las Mulas (León)S
Climate Variables of the Sites of Origin and Genotype Influence on Phenolic Compounds Accumulation in Cultivars of Myrtus communis L.
No full textMyrtle (Myrtus communis L.) is an aromatic and medicinal plant spreading in the Mediterranean area. The main uses of myrtle plants are liqueur and essential oil production with several biological properties. A large part of the properties of these products is due to phenolic compounds. Twenty-two myrtle cultivars originating from several areas of Sardinia Island and cultivated at the same site were analysed for phenolic compounds determination. Pearson’s correlation was used to investigate a possible correlation between phenolic compounds content observed in the cultivation site and historical agrometeorological parameters in the sites of cultivar origin. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to data to evaluate the characterization of myrtle cultivars based on the relationship between sites of origin with their climate traits and phenolic compounds content as recorded in the same field of comparison. Anthocyanins are negatively correlated with minimum, maximum, and average temperatures of some months. Total phenols content decreases with high temperatures in the summer months. Rainfall affected mainly tannins content. Two principal components explained about 79% of the variability and allowed the classification of cultivars into four groups, while cultivars from Laconi, Siniscola and Cuglieri sites were not included in any group. The HCA allowed the subdivision of the wild populations into three clusters
Conservazione della qualità dei frutti di ‘Clementine comune’ mediante variazione delle temperature di refrigerazione
No full textValorizzazione di cultivar a duplice attitudine per l'ottenimento di produzioni olivicole di pregio
No full textLe specie legnose della macchia mediterranea come potenziali colture da biomassa per energia rinnovabile
No full textTreptacantha rayssiae M. Mulas, J. Neiva, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Treptacantha rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. <p> <i>Cystoseira rayssiae</i> Ramon, <i>Israel Journal of Plant Sciences</i> 48: 59 (English), 61 (Latin); figs 1-5 (fig. 1: holotype) (1970) (basionym).</p> <p> TYPE MATERIAL. — <b>Holotype. HUJ</b> (Ashqelon, Israel; 23.V. 1953).</p> DESCRIPTION <p> The morphological characteristics of this species along the Israeli coast are well in accordance with the features of the genus as described by Orellana <i>et al.</i> (2019), although Ramon herself noted that the species exhibits considerable morphological plasticity (Figs 3; 4). <i>Treptacantha rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., shows a tophulose, non-caespitose habit, growing up to <i>c.</i> 30 cm high (Figs 3A; 4A). The thallus is attached to the substrate by a basal disc from which a cylindrical simple or branched axis grows (Figs 3D; 4C). Tophules are present (albeit in young thalli they are poorly distinguishable) and can be of different shapes (from obovate, ovate, to club-shaped, spherical and oblong), are 3-8 mm long and up to 4 mm broad (Figs 3B; 4B), and often concentrated in the tip of the main axes. Holdfast, main axes, and tophules are perennial. Primary branches are seasonal (March-June) (Mulas <i>et al.</i> 2019), typically smooth in the basal region and occasionally with small and widely spaced spiny appendages. Branches of higher order are more robust, show lateral spines, and their inner aerocysts are inconspicuous.Transformed ends of last order branches show spiny laterals containing receptacles (Fig.3C). Differences in the morphology among specimens seem to be environmentally driven. For instance, subtidal specimens display shorter and robust branches densely covered with spinelike appendages and without pronounced receptacles compared to tide pool specimens that have less pronounced spines and correspond to Ramon’s description (Fig. 4).</p> <p> Anatomical characteristics of <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., cross sections corresponded to the genus <i>Treptacantha</i> as recently described by Orellana <i>et al.</i> (2019). <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., shows medullary cells which form a central mass, while the cortical ones having a bigger size, globose shape and thickened walls and the meristoderm is composed by a single layer of square-shaped cells (Fig. 5).</p> <p> This is in accordance with the description of the genus (Orellana <i>et al.</i> 2019): <i>Treptacantha</i> often displays significant polymorphism attributable to regional, seasonal and habitat differences (e.g. genetically – confirmed Atlantic <i>Treptacantha nodicaulis,</i> <i>Treptacantha</i> sp. from Crete, <i>T.baccata</i>, <i>T.barbata</i>, <i>T.abies-marina</i>, <i>T. ballesterosii</i> and <i>T. mauritanica</i>) stressing that morphological differences must be supported by additional evidence, such as molecular data, before describing additional species.</p> <i>Species distribution</i> <p> Literature and database records suggest a disjunct geographical distribution for <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., as shown in Figure 1A. <i>Treptacantha rayssiae</i> can be found in tide pools associated with vermetid reefs (abrasion platforms) in north Israel (Rilov <i>et al.</i> 2020), and as scattered individuals (in several locations), or as an extensive forest (only in one location, in Haifa) on horizontal subtidal bedrocks down to 5 m depth (Fig. 1B, based on Ramon 2000, Mulas <i>et al.</i> 2019, Peleg <i>et al.</i> 2019 and personal observations). In addition to Israel (Ramon 2000; Einav & Israel 2008), <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., has been also recently reported from several sites in Lebanon (Nakoura, Adloun, Barbara, Ras-Chekaa) (Badreddine <i>et al.</i> 2018). Surprisingly, extra-Mediterranean records were also reported from one site (Dahab) in the Red Sea along the Egyptian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba (Abdel-Raouf <i>et al.</i> 2015) and from six sites in the Persian Gulf (Ras Tanura, Saftwah, Al Qatif, Sayhat, Ad Dammam and Al Azizayah) in Saudi Arabia (Abdel-Kareem 2009).</p> <p> These extra-Mediterranean records have not been genetically confirmed. In case they are not misidentifications, three exclusive scenarios can be postulated. In the first scenario, <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., may be a palaeoendemic species that was formerly widespread (before the closure of the Mediterranean passages to the Indian Ocean, some 20 MYA), and is now restricted to several very small “relict” areas of its past distribution. In the second scenario, <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., may be a Lessepsian migrant first detected in the invaded region, the Levantine basin, and later in the origin region, the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. These two scenarios seem unlikely because <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., and <i>T. nodicaulis</i> are more closely related than <i>T. nodicaulis</i> and <i>T. baccata</i>, and the two latter are estimated to have diverged around 10 MYA (Silberfeld <i>et al.</i> 2010), i.e., already after the closure of the eastern Tethyan seaway (Bialik <i>et al.</i> 2019). Under the third scenario, <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., is an eastern Mediterranean endemic seaweed that has migrated to the Indo-Pacific, a rare case of anti-Lessepsian migration. It should be noted that there are only a handful examples of anti-Lessepsian species, making this last scenario also unlikely (Golani <i>et al.</i> 2002). Among the very few marine organisms that have moved from the Mediterranean into the Red Sea, are the fish <i>Solea aegyptiaca</i> Chabanaud, and six species of polychaetes (Golani <i>et al.</i> 2002; Faiza 2009; Chanet <i>et al.</i> 2012), but no macroalgal species recorded so far. In contrast, a large number of Lessepsian macroalgae migrants have been recorded in the Mediterranean Sea along the years (Por 1971, 1978; Galil & Zenetos 2002; Rilov & Galil 2009; Otero <i>et al.</i> 2013; Boudouresque <i>et al.</i> 2016; Galil <i>et al.</i> 2017; Israel & Einav 2017), where the last update has counted 119 alien macrophytes introduced by different sources out of a total of 613 confirmed marine organisms (Verlaque <i>et al.</i> 2015; Zenetos <i>et al.</i> 2017). All possible hypothetical scenarios to explain the extra-Mediterranean records are not supported by evidence. The main growing/reproductive season of <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., is winter- spring and not warmer summer months when the fronds are shed, and the basal perennial parts enter a dormancy period (Mulas <i>et al.</i> 2019). A temperate growth and reproductive window do not support a tropical origin, but seasonal shifts are also observed among tropical species. Because all three scenarios are highly unlikely, we suspect that the records from the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea (Abdel-Kareem 2009; Abdel- Raouf <i>et al.</i> 2015) are based on misidentifications. In the study of Abdel-Kareem (2009), the photographic record has poor quality but does not resemble <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. In fact, in both studies of Abdel-Kareem (2009) and Abdel-Raouf <i>et al.</i> (2015), the taxonomical identification of <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. (as <i>Cystoseira rayssiae</i>) was based on the reference check-list of the Red Sea of Lipkin & Silva (2002) which, however, never mentions <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., but rather the common fucoid <i>Polycladia myrica</i> (as <i>Cystoseira myrica</i>). This species and <i>Syrophysalis trinodis</i> (as <i>Cystoseira trinodis</i>) have also been reported from the Red Sea in other studies (e.g. Ibraheem <i>et al.</i> 2014). Many seaweed groups are notoriously difficult to identify, and this applies also to <i>Cystoseira sensu lato</i> and related genera. Thus, we conclude that the most plausible explanation is that <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., was misidentified in these studies, and the species is a unique example of a Levantine Basin endemism. If what we claim is confirmed by further analyses of Mediterranean samples, conclusively excluding it from nearby areas (Cyprus, southern Turkey and farther away), the protection of this species emerges as a priority in the Mediterranean Sea, because of the restricted local distribution and increasing pressures such as rabbitfish and sea urchin overgrazing, pollution, ocean warming and urbanization.</p>Published as part of <i>Mulas, Martina, Neiva, João, Sadogurska, Sofia S., Ballesteros, Enric, Serrão, Ester A., Rilov, Gil & Israel, Álvaro, 2020, Genetic affinities and biogeography of putative Levantine-endemic seaweed Treptacantha rayssiae (Ramon) M. Mulas, J. Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. (Phaeophyceae), pp. 91-103 in Cryptogamie, Algologie 20 (10)</i> on pages 96-97, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2020v41a10, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7819042">http://zenodo.org/record/7819042</a>
- …
