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La destrutturazione della sincronizzazione e della desincronizzazione nell'invecchiamento cerebrale fisiologico nell'uomo
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Frontotemporal dementia
No full textFrontotemporal dementia is a clinicopathological syndrome caused by progressive degeneration of the frontal lobes, anterior temporal lobes or both. A wide spectrum of cognitive, psychological and behavioural symptoms has been reported, with early disturbance of personality and social conduct, impairment of executive functions and language, while memory and visuo-spatial skills are usually preserved. Published criteria can lead to a good accuracy in the antemortem diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 99%. Treatment rests on the management of behavioural disturbances
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Changes in blood chemistry, acid-base, electrolyte, blood lactate and dehydration metabolism and sleep at 3480 m in mountain marathon runners
No full textHeart Rate Variability, Standard of Measurement, Physiological Interpretation and Clinical Use in Mountain Marathon Runners during Sleep and After Acclimatization at 3480 m
Get PDFFluctuations in autonomic cardiovascular regulation during exposure to high altitude may increase the risk of heart attack during waking and sleep. This study compared heart rate variability (HVR) and its components during sleep at low altitude and after 30 - 41 hours of acclimatization at high altitude (3480 m) in five mountain marathon runners controlled for diet, drugs, light-dark cycle and jet lag. In comparison to sea level, RR-intervals during sleep at high altitude decreased significantly (P < 0.001). The significant increase in sympathetic autonomic cardiovascular modulation at high altitude protects against excessive oxygen deprivation during sleep. Increases in R-R intervals can require longer periods of acclimatization at 3480 m to mitigate the effects of altitude/hypoxia on sympathetic tone, thus reducing cardiovascular distress at rest during waking and sleep and probably before during and after athletic performance at altitude
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Issues related to deep brain stimulation for treatment-refractory Tourette's syndrome
No full textDeep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used in a small number of patients with Tourette's syndrome and results on tics and comorbidities have been promising. The choice of the DBS target appears to influence the effectiveness; preliminary studies and case reports suggest that certain target areas may be more effective than others in patients with specific symptoms and comorbidities. Clinical data on the effect of DBS on tics and behavioral symptoms support its use in patients with severe, refractory Tourette's syndrome, particularly in younger adults who have a greater severity and prevalence of tics and comorbidities, and are more likely to experience social impairment. Although DBS has shown potential as an 'add-on' therapy for Tourette's syndrome patients failing to show adequate improvement with conventional conservative treatments, several issues remain to be resolved, including patient selection, choice of target, and adverse effects. Successful DBS requires an experienced multidisciplinary team for the management of these complex pre-, peri- and postoperative issues. Future studies should include establishment of consistent inclusion criteria and specific practical requirements for clinical trials, evaluation of the impact of DBS on non-tic symptoms and their influence on outcome, social impairment and quality of life, and the identification of optimum neurophysiologically based DBS targets for improved efficacy in specific patient subtypes. Copyrigh
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