2,936 research outputs found
Raorchestes leucolatus Vijayakumar, Dinesh, Prabhu & Shanker, 2014, sp. nov.
No full text8. Raorchestes leucolatus sp. nov. (Figures 2, 3 & 12; Tables 2 & 3) Holotype: ZSI/ WGRC /V/A/ 879 (CESF 1146), an adult male (SVL 16.9 mm), collected by S.P. Vijayakumar, Mrugank V. Prabhu and and Mayavan in July 2010 from a wet evergreen forest site (10.9731 N, 76.6289 E), Elivalmalai Massif (Fig 1), Peninsular India. Paratype: ZSI/ WGRC /V/A/ 880 (CESF 1147), an adult male (SVL 17.1 mm), collected by S.P. Vijayakumar, Mrugank V. Prabhu and Mayavan in July 2010 from a wet evergreen forest site (10.9731 N, 76.6289 E), Elivalmalai Massif (Fig 1), Western Ghats, Peninsular India. Lineage diagnosis. Raorchestes leucolatus sp. nov. can be diagnosed by its phylogenetic position within the Bombayensis clade (Fig 3) and exhibits moderate levels (16 S— 2.9 %) of divergence from its closest relative R. tuberohumerus. It also shows strong differences in morphology (Fig 12 a,d,e,f). The lineage is diagnosed based on its phylogenetic position, genetic divergence and morphological distinctness. Field diagnosis. Morphology. Raorchestes leucolatus sp. nov. could be morphologically confused with its close relative R. tuberohumerus. However, it can be distinguished from R. tuberohumerus on many aspects of morphology. Raorchestes leucolatus sp. nov. can be distinguished by its smaller size (males) 16.9 mm (16.2–17.1, n= 4) (vs. 18.4 mm (17.7 –19.0, n= 6) in R. tuberohumerus); head width, HW/SVL= 0.38 (0.37–0.39, n= 4) greater than head length, HL/SVL= 0.29 (0.28–0.31, n= 4) (vs. HW/SVL= 0.35 (0.33–0.36, n= 6) almost equal to head length (HL/SVL= 0.37 (0.36–0.40, n= 6) in R. tuberohumerus); shorter thigh length, TL/SVL= 0.45 (0.43–0.46, n= 4) (vs. TL/SVL= 0.50 (0.46–0.52, n= 6) in R. tuberohumerus); shorter foot length, FOL/SVL= 0.36 (0.35–0.36, n= 4) (vs. FOL/SVL= 0.40 (0.37–0.43) in R. tuberohumerus); groin region with white blotches (vs. groin region with yellow blotches in R. tuberohumerus; disc colour orange (vs. disc colour grey to brown in R. tuberohumerus). Geography. Found to be restricted to the mid-elevations of Elivalmalai Massif (see natural history and distribution for details). Ecology. Found to be an understory forest species (n= 4) and was observed in short grasses and shrubs along the forest edges. Description of holotype (all measurements in mm). A small sized bush frog (SVL = 16.9 mm), width of head sub equal to head length (HW = 6.2 mm; HL = 5.2 mm), flat dorsally; snout acutely pointed in total profile, slightly protruding beyond mouth. Snout length is sub equal to diameter of eye (SL = 2.2 mm, EL = 2.3 mm). Canthus rostralis angular, loreal region flat. Interorbital space (IUE = 2.1 mm) flat and sub equal to upper eyelid (UEW = 1.5 mm). Interorbital space between posterior margins of the eyes 1.7 times that of anterior margins (IFE = 3.5, IBE = 5.8 mm). Nostrils oval, nearer to tip of snout. Weak symphysial knob. Eyes small, pupil horizontal. Tympanum indistinct, rounded, barely visible behind the eye. Tongue bifid, granular without papilla. Supratympanic fold from behind eye to shoulder. Relative length of fingers I<II<IV<III. Finger tips with well developed small disks (fd 3 = 0.8 mm; fw 3 = 0.5) with distinct circum–marginal grooves, fingers with dermal fringes on both sides. Webbing on palm absent, subarticular tubercles moderate and pre-pollex moderate. Supernumerary tubercles absent. Hind limb long, heels touch when folded at right angles to the body. Thigh/Femur (TL = 7.8 mm), sub equal to Shank/Tibia (ShL = 7.5 mm); longer than foot (FOL = 6.1 mm) and less than heel to tip of fourth toe (TFOL = 10.2 mm). Relative toe length I<II<III<V<IV, webbing poor; web formula (I 1 - 1 II 1- 2 III 1- 2 IV 2 - 1 V). Tibiotarsal articulation reaches posterior corner of eye. Outer metatarsal tubercle, supernumerary tubercles and tarsal tubercle absent. Color in life. Dorsum maroon with a pair of distinct orange patch on the shoulder. An orange coloured horizontal broken band between the upper eyelids. Groin with distinct white blotches, ventrally varying shades of brown with irregular white spots on the belly. Throat darker towards lips, disks on finger and toes distinctly orange. Iris coarsely speckled with varying shades of golden brown, overlaid on an irregular brown markings. Distinct rufous edged speckles around the pupil (Fig 12 (b)). Etymology. The species is named after one of its distinct characteristics, the ‘white patch’ on the groin (Greek: leukos = white). Natural history and distribution. The species was discovered in the mid elevations (894–958 m, n= 2) and was observed at forested sites in the Elivalmalai Massif (Fig 1 & 2) situated north of Palghat Gap. Currently there are no reports of any allied species from north of its range. The southern most range of R. tuberohumerus, its geographically closest relative, appears to be Wayanad plateau (Fig 1). Further surveys are needed to verify the occurrence of this species or any close relatives in the lower elevations of Nilgiri Massif.Published as part of Vijayakumar, S. P., Dinesh, K. P., Prabhu, Mrugank V. & Shanker, Kartik, 2014, Lineage delimitation and description of nine new species of bush frogs (Anura: Raorchestes, Rhacophoridae) from the Western Ghats Escarpment, pp. 451-488 in Zootaxa 3893 (4) on pages 477-479, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3893.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28757
Optical and Electronic Simulation of Silicon / Germanium Tandem Four Terminal Solar Cells
No full textA tandem solar cell architecture of silicon and germanium solar cells in a mechanical (stack like) arrangement is evaluated to increase the efficiency of light absorption in the far infra-red region from 1107 nm to 1907 nm wavelength which constitutes about 14.5% of the power intensity in the solar AM 1.5 spectrum. In this work the technical feasibility of tandem solar cells is investigated. Here we report on detailed electrical and optical simulations of this structure quantifying the various theoretical and practical loss mechanisms in the encapsulation, interfaces and in the device and indicate that a relative efficiency improvement of 20% may be attainable with silicon and germanium solar cells in this configuration. The optical and electrical parameters for silicon and germanium simulation models were extracted from experimental devices and material vendors. The developed simulation models were validated by comparing the performance of standalone silicon and germanium solar cells with experimental devices reported in the literature.This article, by Vishnuvardhanan Vijayakuman and Dunbar P. Birnie, III, was originally published in Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, copyright 2014 by ASME. It may be used for non-commercial purposes only.Peer reviewe
Raorchestes emeraldi Vijayakumar, Dinesh, Prabhu & Shanker, 2014, sp. nov.
No full text5. Raorchestes emeraldi sp. nov. (Figures 2, 3 & 8; Tables 2 & 3) Holotype: ZSI/ WGRC /V/A/ 873 (CESF 1353), an adult male (SVL 36.5 mm), collected by S.P. Vijayakumar and Saunak Pal in August 2011 from a site (10.3690 N, 76.9948 E) in a wet evergreen forest fragment, Valparai Plateau, Anaimalai Massif (Fig 1), Peninsular India. Paratype: ZSI/ WGRC /V/A/ 874 (CESF 1365), an adult female (SVL 50.5 mm), collected by S.P. Vijayakumar and Saunak Pal in August 2011 from a site (10.3919 N, 76.9942 E) in a wet evergreen forest fragment, Valparai Plateau, Anaimalai Massif (Fig 1), Peninsular India. Lineage diagnosis. Raorchestes emeraldi sp. nov. can be diagnosed by its affinity to the Hassanensis clade (Fig 3) and in having moderate levels (16 S— 3.5 %) of divergence from its sister lineages R. ponmudi and R. hassanensis. Morphologically, it shows differences in the dorsum coloration (uniform green), groin patterns and iris coloration (Fig 8). Of the known species of Raorchestes, this species was found to be of the largest (50.5 mm: female). Phylogenetic position and morphological distinctness are the two axes on which this lineage is diagnosed. Field diagnosis. Morphology. Raorchestes emeraldi sp. nov. resembles its sister lineage R. ponmudi in overall morphometric characters, however it exhibits strong divergence in coloration from its sister lineages, R. hassanensis and R. ponmudi. It could be distinguished in having green dorsum (Fig 8 a) (vs. dorsum with varying shades of brown in R. ponmudi (Biju and Bossuyt, 2009)); region of groin, front and back of thighs, under side of tibia and front of metatarsal with brown and yellow reticulated pattern (vs. posterior surface of thighs light chocolate brown vermiculated with grey patches of variable size in R. ponmudi (Biju and Bossuyt, 2009); Additionally new species can be differentiated from other related congeners by the following combination of characters; (1) large adult size (SVL 36.5–50.5 mm, n= 2); (2) head width larger than head length (HW 15.2 –21.0 mm & HL 12.9–16.2 mm); (3) snout sub acuminate, sub equal to eye length (SL 5.0– 6.5 mm & EL 5.1–6.9 mm); (4) skin on dorsum lateral side smooth and ventral region granular; (5) dorsum green with minute yellow spots. Geography. Restricted to the Anaimalai Massif (see natural history and distribution for details). Description of holotype (all measurements in mm). A large sized bush frog (SVL = 36.5 mm), width of head broader than head length (HW = 15.2 mm; HL = 12.9 mm), flat dorsally; snout short and sub acuminate, slightly protruding beyond mouth. Snout length is sub equal to diameter of eye (SL = 5.0 mm, EL = 5.1 mm). Canthus rostralis angular rounded, loreal region slightly concave. Interorbital space (IUE = 4.0 mm) flat and equal to upper eyelid (UEW = 3.3 mm). Interorbital space between posterior margins of the eyes 1.9 times that of anterior margins (IFE = 7.0, IBE = 13.3 mm). Nostrils oval and nearer to the tip of the snout. Moderate symphysial knob. Pupil horizontal. Tympanum moderate, rounded, visible behind the eye, 2.3 times less than the eye diameter (TYD = 2.2 mm). Tongue bifid, granular with a papilla. Supratympanic fold from behind eye to shoulder. Relative length of fingers I<II<IV<III, finger tips with well developed disks (fd 3 = 2.7 mm; fw 3 = 1.4 mm) with distinct circum-marginal grooves, fingers with dermal fringes on both sides. Webbing on palm absent, subarticular tubercles moderate, rounded and pre-pollex indistinct. Supernumerary tubercles absent. Hind limb long, heels touch when folded at right angles to the body. Thigh/Femur (TL = 17.0 mm), slightly lesser than Shank/Tibia (ShL = 18.2 mm) length and foot (FOL = 16.0 mm) and much less than heel to tip of fourth toe (TFOL = 26.0 mm). Relative toe length I<II<III<V<IV, webbing medium, web formula (I 1 - 1 II ½- 1 III ½- 1 IV 1 - 0 V). Tibiotarsal articulation reaches posterior corner of eye. Outer metatarsal tubercle, supernumerary tubercles and tarsal tubercle absent. Color in life. Dorsum uniform green with scattered yellow spots (Fig 8 a); green colouration extending to canthus, arm up to ¼th of outer finger (rest of the fingers flesh coloured, finely speckled with brown), surface of femur, tibia, tarsus and base of outer two toes. Armpits are fleshy, purplish with fine brown specks. Upper lip golden white, lower lip and throat region iridescent off white. Lateral part of mid belly with yellow spots on a dark brown background. Groin, anterior and posterior femur with distinct yellow blotches on a dark brown background. Outer posterior orbital ring bluish green, upper edge of iris dark maroon, interior of iris golden brown with fine markings radiating towards the outer edge. Outer edges of the iris with a green wash (Fig 8 b). Etymology. The species is named after its dominant dorsum colour ‘emerald’. Natural history and distribution. We discovered this species from a rainforest fragment at the eastern edge of the Valparai plateau. It appears to be a forest species, occurring in the higher elevation (1249–1488, n = 7) wet evergreen forests of the Anaimalai Massif (Fig 1 & 2). It replaces R. ponmudi, a common species of the low and mid-elevations (mean ~ 900 m, n= 77) of southern parts of the Western Ghats. We suspect a narrow zone of overlap between these species around 1200–1400 m in the Valparai plateau.Published as part of Vijayakumar, S. P., Dinesh, K. P., Prabhu, Mrugank V. & Shanker, Kartik, 2014, Lineage delimitation and description of nine new species of bush frogs (Anura: Raorchestes, Rhacophoridae) from the Western Ghats Escarpment, pp. 451-488 in Zootaxa 3893 (4) on pages 470-472, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3893.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/28757
Raorchestes aureus Vijayakumar, Dinesh, Prabhu & Shanker, 2014, sp. nov.
No full text2. <i>Raorchestes aureus</i> sp. nov. <p>(Figures 2, 3 & 5; Tables 2 & 3)</p> <p> <b>Holotype:</b> ZSI/ WGRC /V/A/867 (CESF 1165), an adult male (SVL 24.8 mm), collected by S.P. Vijayakumar and Mrugank V. Prabhu in July 2010 from a high elevation site (10.9452 N, 76.6446 E) in Elivalmalai Massif (Fig 1), Western Ghats, Peninsular India.</p> <p> <b>Paratype:</b> ZSI/ WGRC /V/A/868 (CESF 1164), an adult female (SVL 28.3), collected by S.P. Vijayakumar and Mrugank V. Prabhu in July 2010 from a high elevation site (10.9452 N, 76.6446 E) in Elivalmalai Massif (Fig 1), Western Ghats, Peninsular India.</p> <p> <b>Lineage diagnosis.</b> <i>Raorchestes aureus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> can be diagnosed as a deeply divergent (16S—7.3%) lineage nested within a larger clade N (Fig 3). The lineage is isolated on the high elevations of Elivalmalai Massif (Fig 1 & 2). Morphologically, it shows strong signatures of divergence from other similar relatives within clade N (see below). We use all the above criteria, genetic divergence, geographical range and morphology to diagnose this lineage. The relatives that potentially overlap in morphology and hence could be confused with this lineage within the clade N are discussed below.</p> <p> <b>Field diagnosis. Morphology.</b> <i>Raorchestes aureus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> could be confused with <i>R. chromasynchysi</i> which occurs in sympatry (see remarks). However, the new species can be differentiated based on the shorter thigh length, TL/SVL=0.45 (0.44–0.45, n=4) (vs. TL/SVL=0.52 (0.50–0.54, n=3) in <i>R. chromasynchysi</i>); shorter tibia length, ShL/SVL=0.46 (0.45–0.47, n=4) (vs. ShL/SVL=0.51 (0.50–0.51, n=3) in <i>R</i>. <i>chromasynchysi</i>); in having a distinct golden iris (vs. silvery to light brown in <i>R. chromasynchysi</i>); dorsal coloration shades of brown (vs. very variable from shades of brown to green in <i>R. chromasynchysi</i>); anterior and posterior region of thigh (femur) characterized by distinct or faint cross bar with alternating darker and lighter shades of brown (vs. plain coloration on the posterior thigh and dark coloration with yellow blotches on the anterior thigh in <i>R</i>. <i>chromasynchysi</i>); lateral sides of irregular mottling of brown/yellow and green extending from groin to base of supratympanic fold (vs. distinct separation of dorsal and ventral coloration without any such mottling).</p> <p> <b>Geography.</b> Current data suggests a narrow restricted range to the high elevation of Elivalmalai Massif in the Western Ghats (see natural history and distribution for details).</p> <p> <b>Description of holotype (all measurements in mm).</b> A small sized bush frog (SVL = 24.8 mm), width of head broader than head length (HW = 10.3 mm; HL = 8.3 mm), flat dorsally; snout acutely pointed in total profile, slightly protruding beyond mouth. Snout length is sub equal to diameter of eye (SL = 3.4 mm, EL = 3.7 mm). Canthus rostralis angular, loreal region slightly concave. Interorbital space (IUE = 2.9 mm) flat and sub equal to upper eyelid (UEW = 2.6 mm). Interorbital space between posterior margins of the eyes 1.8 times that of anterior margins (IFE = 5.0, IBE = 9.1 mm). Nostrils oval, nearer to tip of snout. Weak symphysial knob. Pupil horizontal. Tympanum distinct, rounded, small, barely visible behind the eye. Tongue bifid, granular with a papilla. Supratympanic fold from behind eye to shoulder.</p> <p>Relative length of fingers I<II<IV<III, finger tips with well developed disks (fd3 = 1.4 mm; fw3 = 0.7) with distinct circum–marginal grooves, fingers with dermal fringes on both sides. Webbing on palm absent, subarticular tubercles distinct, rounded and pre-pollex tubercle oval, distinct. Supernumerary tubercles absent.</p> <p>Hind limb long, heels overlap when folded at right angles to the body. Thigh/Femur (TL = 11.2 mm), sub equal to Shank/Tibia (ShL = 12.1 mm); longer than foot (FOL = 9.7 mm) and less than heel to tip of fourth toe (TFOL = 16.0 mm). Relative toe length I<II<III<V<IV, webbing poor, web formula (I 1- 1 II 1- 2 III 1-2½ IV 2 ½- 1 V). Tibiotarsal articulation reaches anterior corner of eye. Outer metatarsal tubercle, supernumerary tubercles and tarsal tubercle absent.</p> <p> <b>Color in life.</b> Limbs faintly cross-barred, pattern extending towards the anterior and posterior parts of the thigh. Lateral sides characterized by irregular mottling of yellow and light green extending from groin to base of supratympanic fold. Ventral parts of head, body, hand and foot mottled, but more pronounced at the region of belly and throat. Iris distinct golden with brown edged coarse speckles around the pupil, visible even in the preserved specimens.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The species is named after the consistent golden iris coloration (Latin: <i>aureus</i> = golden).</p> <p> <b>Natural history and distribution.</b> All the individuals were collected from forest edges in a grassland site and all males located were found calling at the ground level. It appears to be a range restricted species, recorded from a single high elevation (1524 m) site in Elivalmalai Massif (Fig 1 & 2). The elevational range within Elivalmalai needs additional field sampling.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> <i>R. chromasynchysi</i> was known only from the type locality (Biju and Bossuyt 2009) and a recent record from north of its type locality (Dinesh and Radhakrishnan, 2012). We have uncovered multiple potential lineages across various Massifs and hill ranges in the central Western Ghats (see above under sub-clade composition). For the above quantitative comparison, we have used individuals from a shallow divergent lineage that overlap with the range of <i>Raorchestes aureus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Vijayakumar, S. P., Dinesh, K. P., Prabhu, Mrugank V. & Shanker, Kartik, 2014, Lineage delimitation and description of nine new species of bush frogs (Anura: Raorchestes, Rhacophoridae) from the Western Ghats Escarpment, pp. 451-488 in Zootaxa 3893 (4)</i> on pages 464-466, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3893.4.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/287578">http://zenodo.org/record/287578</a>
Stochastic optimal control with learned dynamics models
Get PDFThe motor control of anthropomorphic robotic systems is a challenging computational
task mainly because of the high levels of redundancies such systems exhibit. Optimality
principles provide a general strategy to resolve such redundancies in a task driven
fashion. In particular closed loop optimisation, i.e., optimal feedback control (OFC),
has served as a successful motor control model as it unifies important concepts such
as costs, noise, sensory feedback and internal models into a coherent mathematical
framework.
Realising OFC on realistic anthropomorphic systems however is non-trivial: Firstly,
such systems have typically large dimensionality and nonlinear dynamics, in which
case the optimisation problem becomes computationally intractable. Approximative
methods, like the iterative linear quadratic gaussian (ILQG), have been proposed to
avoid this, however the transfer of solutions from idealised simulations to real hardware
systems has proved to be challenging. Secondly, OFC relies on an accurate description
of the system dynamics, which for many realistic control systems may be unknown,
difficult to estimate, or subject to frequent systematic changes. Thirdly, many (especially
biologically inspired) systems suffer from significant state or control dependent
sources of noise, which are difficult to model in a generally valid fashion. This thesis
addresses these issues with the aim to realise efficient OFC for anthropomorphic
manipulators.
First we investigate the implementation of OFC laws on anthropomorphic hardware.
Using ILQG we optimally control a high-dimensional anthropomorphic manipulator
without having to specify an explicit inverse kinematics, inverse dynamics
or feedback control law. We achieve this by introducing a novel cost function that
accounts for the physical constraints of the robot and a dynamics formulation that resolves
discontinuities in the dynamics. The experimental hardware results reveal the
benefits of OFC over traditional (open loop) optimal controllers in terms of energy
efficiency and compliance, properties that are crucial for the control of modern anthropomorphic
manipulators.
We then propose a new framework of OFC with learned dynamics (OFC-LD) that,
unlike classic approaches, does not rely on analytic dynamics functions but rather updates
the internal dynamics model continuously from sensorimotor plant feedback. We
demonstrate how this approach can compensate for unknown dynamics and for complex
dynamic perturbations in an online fashion.
A specific advantage of a learned dynamics model is that it contains the stochastic
information (i.e., noise) from the plant data, which corresponds to the uncertainty in
the system. Consequently one can exploit this information within OFC-LD in order
to produce control laws that minimise the uncertainty in the system. In the domain of
antagonistically actuated systems this approach leads to improved motor performance,
which is achieved by co-contracting antagonistic actuators in order to reduce the negative
effects of the noise. Most importantly the shape and source of the noise is unknown
a priory and is solely learned from plant data. The model is successfully tested on an
antagonistic series elastic actuator (SEA) that we have built for this purpose.
The proposed OFC-LD model is not only applicable to robotic systems but also
proves to be very useful in the modelling of biological motor control phenomena and
we show how our model can be used to predict a wide range of human impedance
control patterns during both, stationary and adaptation tasks
Theoretical Auger transition energies for atoms and ions through the relativistic and correlated local-density method
No full textTheoretical calculations of several Auger, Coster-Kronig, and super-Coster-Kronig transitions of noble gases (such as Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) and of transition-metal atoms and their ions are presented using the recently developed relativistic and correlated local-density method [M. Vijayakumar, N. Vaidehi, and M. S. Gopinathan, Phys. Rev. A 40, 6834 (1989)]. The importance of relativistic and correlation effects on these transition energies is discussed. The results are compared with reported experimental results as well as with those obtained by semiempirical and ab initio methods. Predictions are also made of various Auger transition energies for processes like K-LL and L-MM transitions for some ions
Right to information and freedom of expression
Get PDFDescribes the important initiatives in Freedom of Expression in selected countries and Library Associations like IFLA and ILA. Indian initiaves in this direction aslo described and the need of strong involvement from Library associations and library professionals in India, is also spotlighted
Design of an Interface for Page Rank Calculation using Web Link Attributes Information
Get PDFThis paper deals with the Web Structure Mining and the different Structure Mining Algorithms like Page Rank, HITS, Trust Rank and Sel-HITS. The functioning of these algorithms are discussed. An incremental algorithm for calculation of PageRank using an interface has been formulated. This algorithm makes use of Web Link Attributes Information as key parameters and has been implemented using Visibility and Position of a Link. The application of Web Structure Mining Algorithm in an Academic Search Application has been discussed. The present work can be a useful input to Web Users, Faculty, Students and Web Administrators in a University Environment.HITS, Page Rank, Sel-HITS, Structure Mining
FIGURE 23. Trimeresurus andalasensis. Holotype, SMF 22429 in A revision of the Trimeresurus puniceus-complex (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) based on morphological and molecular data
No full textFIGURE 23. Trimeresurus andalasensis. Holotype, SMF 22429. General view. Photograph by Gernot Vogel.Published as part of David, Patrick, Vogel, Gernot, Vijayakumar, S. P. & Vidal, Nicolas, 2006, A revision of the Trimeresurus puniceus-complex (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) based on morphological and molecular data, pp. 1-78 in Zootaxa 1293 (1) on page 56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1293.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/507087
FIGURE 30. Trimeresurus brongersmai. Holotype, RMNH 5654A in A revision of the Trimeresurus puniceus-complex (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) based on morphological and molecular data
No full textFIGURE 30. Trimeresurus brongersmai. Holotype, RMNH 5654A. Left side of the head. Photograph by Roger Bour.Published as part of David, Patrick, Vogel, Gernot, Vijayakumar, S. P. & Vidal, Nicolas, 2006, A revision of the Trimeresurus puniceus-complex (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) based on morphological and molecular data, pp. 1-78 in Zootaxa 1293 (1) on page 69, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1293.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/507087
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