683 research outputs found
The role of ontologies in creating and maintaining corporate knowledge: a case study from the aero industry
No full textThe Designers’ Workbench is a system, developed to support designers in large organizations, such as Rolls-Royce, by making sure that the design is consistent with the specification for the particular design as well as with the company’s design rule book(s). The evolving design is described against a jet engine ontology. Currently, to capture the constraint information, a domain expert (design engineer) has to work with a knowledge engineer to identify the constraints, and it is then the task of the knowledge engineer to encode these into the Workbench’s knowledge base (KB). This is an error prone and time consuming task. It is highly desirable to relieve the knowledge engineer of this task, and so we have developed a tool, ConEditor+ that enables domain experts themselves to capture and maintain these constraints. The tool allows the user to combine selected entities from the domain ontology with keywords and operators of a constraint language to form a constraint expression. Further, we hypothesize that to apply constraints appropriately, it is necessary to understand the context in which each constraint is applicable. We refer to this as “application conditions”. We show that an explicit representation of application conditions, in a machine interpretable format, along with the constraints and the domain ontology can be used to support the verification and maintenance of constraints
FIGURE 6 in Typification of some names in Indian Barleria L. (Acanthaceae)
No full textFIGURE 6. Lectotype of Barleria strigosa (B-W 11664 -02 0) [Reproduced with kind permission of the Willdenow Herbarium in Berlin (B-W).].Published as part of Patil, Suraj S., Deshmukh, Pradip V. & Lekhak, Manoj M., 2022, Typification of some names in Indian Barleria L. (Acanthaceae), pp. 285-294 in Phytotaxa 547 (3) on page 291, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.547.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/657757
A Modern History of Caste
No full textThe theory of caste and the antecedent hierarchical system has received growing interest in the past two centuries. In contemporary times, there has been a surge among researchers and scholars to locate the category of caste. Various theories have tried to base the ‘origins’ of caste in religion, society, or Indian culture since the arrival of Aryans in the Indian subcontinent (2000 BCE). This talk will look at the episodes of making caste a category of modern interest during colonial times. By centring attention on the experiences of Dalits and untouchability it reframes the approach and examines the development of anti-caste body-politics through the rise of popular Dalit social and political movements. This version of caste history departs from the reliance on the orientalist and occidental interpretations of Indian society, and inserts new theories of caste politics. Suraj Yengde’s recent appointment was a Senior Fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School He is currently a research associate at the department of African and African American Studies, and a non-resident fellow at the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research, and as well part of the founding team of the Initiative for Institutional Anti-Racism and Accountability (IARA) at Harvard University. He has studied on four continents (Asia, Africa, Europe, North America), and is India’s first Dalit PhD holder from an African university (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg). Suraj Yengde is an International Human Rights attorney by qualification from India and the UK, and has published over 100 essays, articles, and book reviews in multiple languages in the field of caste, race, ethnicity studies, and labour migration in the global south. Named one of the ‘25 Most Influential Young Indians‘ by GQ magazine and the ‘Most influential Young Dalit’ by Zee, Suraj is the author of Caste Matters (2019) and co-editor (with Anand Teltumbde) of the award winning anthology The Radical in Ambedkar (2018). His forthcoming books are Caste: A New History of the World (2022), and a biography of B. R. Ambedkar (2022)
Analysis of weather- and climate-related disasters in mountain regions using different disaster databases
No full textMountains are fragile ecosystems with global importance, providing key ecosystems services within mountainous areas but also for the lowlands. However, mountain regions are prone to natural disasters and exposed to multiple hazards. In this chapter, we present four disaster databases (EM-DAT, NatCatSERVICE, DesInventar, Dartmouth) that store information about spatiotemporal occurrence and impacts of natural disasters in mountain areas. Quality and completeness of the four databases are compared and analyzed regarding reliability for weather- and climate-related natural disasters. The analysis identifies the numbers of fatalities as the most reliable loss parameters, whereby the number of people affected and the economic loss are less trustworthy and highly dependent on the purposes of each database. Main limitations regarding sustainable mountain development are the inhomogeneity in database definitions, spatial resolutions, database purposes and lack of data registration for human and economic losses. While some individual disasters such as the Kedarnath flood in northern India in 2013 have been robustly linked to changes in climate, there is generally insufficient evidence to attribute any overall increasing disaster frequency to climate change. Damage due to hazard in mountain regions will increase irrespective of global warming, in regions where populations are growing and infrastructure is developed at exposed locations
Barleria pilosa Heyne ex Nees 1832
No full textBarleria pilosa Nees (1832: 93) Type (lectotype designated here):— INDIA. Courtallum, Wallich Cat. no. 2502b, Herb. Heyne (K barcode K001116226!). Fig. 5. Residual syntypes:—GZU barcodes GZU000261736! and GZU000251702!; K barcodes K001116225! and K000797788!; CAL barcodes CAL0000072414! and CAL0000033995! Notes: Nees (1832) validated B. pilosa based on the two gatherings distributed by Wallich ‘Herb. Madrasp. et Herb. Heyn. Wall. Cat. n. 2502a, b.’ without specifying the type. Shendage and Yadav (2010: 94) indicated “Wall., Numer. List No. 2502a (CAL)” as lectotype for the name, but their lectotypification was ineffective, as it violates Art. 7.11 of the ICN. The original material for this name includes two specimens mounted on the same sheet from Nees’s Herbarium at GZU, one (GZU000261736) labelled “2502 / Barleria pilosa Hb. Madr. / e Courtallum” and the other (GZU000251702) “2502/b / Hb. Heyn. / e Courtallum”; two specimens at K (“a”: K001116225 & “b”: K001116226) mounted together with Wallich’s (1830a: 76) cut-out label and another (K000797788) with label “ Barleria pilosa Heyne / ‘Cuttalam’ July 1828 ”; and two specimens at CAL (“2502 / Hb. Madr.”: CAL0000072414 & “2502 / Hb. Heyn.”: CAL0000033995). Instead of the specimen from CAL, we select the specimen from K (K001116226) as lectotype because it matches well with the protologue.Published as part of Patil, Suraj S., Deshmukh, Pradip V. & Lekhak, Manoj M., 2022, Typification of some names in Indian Barleria L. (Acanthaceae), pp. 285-294 in Phytotaxa 547 (3) on page 292, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.547.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/657757
Current and future glacial lake outburst flood hazard: application of GIS based modeling in Himachal Pradesh, India
No full text
Barleria grandiflora Dalzell 1850
No full textBarleria grandiflora Dalzell (1850: 339). Type (lectotype designated here):— INDIA. Bombay [Mumbai], s.d., Dalzell s.n. ex Herb. Hookerianum (K barcode K001392446!). Fig. 2. Residual syntypes:—K barcodes K001392447!, K000797793! and K000797794! Notes: The species was described by Dalzell (1850) who provided a description and mentioned the locality “Crescit in montibus Syhadree ad Tulkut Ghaut”. In search of specimens of Dalzell in K, CAL, DD and W, we found five specimens under the name B. grandiflora (K001392446, K001392447, K000797793, K000797794 and K000797795). All the specimens except K000797795 (collected by J.E.Stocks) were collected by Dalzell and can be considered as original material. Shendage & Yadav (2010: 121) indicated “ Tulkut Ghat in Syahadri, Dalzell s. n. (K)” as “ Type ”, but they did not satisfy Art. 7.11 of the ICN, so this was not an effective lectotypification. From these K specimens we select K001392446 as lectotype because the sheet is annotated by Dalzell in his own hand and bears a complete specimen with flower.Published as part of Patil, Suraj S., Deshmukh, Pradip V. & Lekhak, Manoj M., 2022, Typification of some names in Indian Barleria L. (Acanthaceae), pp. 285-294 in Phytotaxa 547 (3) on page 289, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.547.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/657757
Barleria nitida Nees 1832
No full textBarleria nitida Nees (1832: 91) Type (lectotype designated here):— INDIA. s.d., Wallich’s Cat. no. 2509h, Herb. Wight (K barcode K001116287!). Fig. 4. Residual syntypes:—GZU barcode GZU000249420!; K barcode K001116288! Notes: Nees (1832) described the species based on three syntype gatherings distributed by Wallich (“Wall. Cat. n. 2509 h [‘ Barleria cristata ? Herb. Wight’], and i [‘ Barleria pungens ? Herb. Heyn. ’]”) and Wight (“Herb. propr. n. 14”), but did not specify one of these as the type. The specimen number 14 distributed by Wight, according to Wight & Arnott (1934: 4), was actually a species of Ranunculus, prompting Nees (1847: 224) to later indicate this as “Wight h. propr. n. 1955”. Shendage & Yadav (2010: 105) designated a specimen indicated as ‘Herb. Prop., Wight s.n. ’ from Madras Herbarium (MH) as lectotype. Although this specimen was collected by Wight, there is no indication that it bears the number 14 or 1955. So, it cannot be considered original material of Nees, and hence their attempted lectotypification cannot be followed. We could find three specimens, one at GZU (GZU000249420) from Nees Herbarium that bears the label ‘ 2509/h B. cristata ? Hb. Wight. ’ and two specimens on a single sheet at K, K001116287 and K001116288 with label 2509h and 2509i, respectively. Here, we choose one of the specimens from K (K001116287) as a lectotype.Published as part of Patil, Suraj S., Deshmukh, Pradip V. & Lekhak, Manoj M., 2022, Typification of some names in Indian Barleria L. (Acanthaceae), pp. 285-294 in Phytotaxa 547 (3) on page 291, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.547.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/657757
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