4 research outputs found
Sharia\u27s Contribution in Halal Industry Trends in Indonesia
No full textIn Islam, a product is considered halal if the basic ingredients, how to obtain it, how to process it, how to distribute it, and other aspects are carried out by halal principles. So it is important to pay attention to the entire process from materials to distribution to religious teachings and avoid everything that is haram. Therefore, further research is needed related to the contribution of Sharia to the Halal Industry Trend in Indonesia. This type of research is carried out using the Literature Study method which is carried out with a qualitative descriptive approach. In this study, as many as 5 literature have been found that review the role of Sharia\u27s contribution to the trend of the halal industry in Indonesia. Based on the findings of literature in journals and literature reviews that have been researched by the author, it shows that the contribution of sharia has a positive effect on the trend of the halal industry in Indonesia. Therefore, further research is needed related to the contribution of sharia in the trend of the halal industry in Indonesia. This type of research is carried out using a literature study method carried out with a qualitative descriptive approach, in this study, as many as 5 literature has been found that reviews the role of sharia contribution in the trend of the halal industry in Indonesia. Based on the findings of literature in journals and literature reviews that have been researched by the author, it shows that the contribution of sharia has a positive effect on the trend of the halal industry in Indonesia
Breaking down the monarchy: achieving trustworthy and open cloud ecosystem governance with separation-of-powers
No full textThe cloud computing ecosystem is in urgent need of effective and practical trust establishment schemes. Cloud customers currently lack approaches to effectively verify the genuine behaviours of cloud services. They can only blindly believe that the Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) are honest enough to not tamper with their data, while many others have avoided using the cloud entirely. Trust establishment schemes, such as cloud auditing and cloud attestation systems, lack controls and transparency over their trust building processes, which only blur the effectiveness of the proclaimed trustworthiness. We argue that these problems ultimately result from the CSPs' autocratic governance over all the activities inside the cloud. In this paper, we present a Separation-of-Powers (SoP) model by referencing the similar concepts from the discipline of the political philosophy. We define three independent roles to separate the powers of definition, enforcement, and inspection from the CSPs. These roles form the collaborative-restrictive relationship to facilitate trustworthy cloud services and achieve the balance-of-powers. We believe a model of this kind will open new opportunities for achieving trustworthy and open cloud ecosystem governance
Juvenile harbor porpoises in the UK are exposed to a more neurotoxic mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls than adults
No full textPolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of 209 persistent and bio-accumulative toxic pollutants present as complex mixtures in human and animal tissues. Harbor porpoises accumulate some of the highest levels of PCBs because they are long-lived mammals that feed at a high trophic level. Studies typically use the sum of a suite of individual chlorobiphenyl congeners (CBs) to investigate PCBs in wildlife. However, toxic effects and thresholds of CB congeners differ, therefore population health risks of exposure may be under or over-estimated dependent on the congener profiles present. In this study, we found congener profiles varied with age, sex and location, particularly between adult females and juveniles. We found that adult females had the highest proportions of octa-chlorinated congeners whilst juveniles had the highest proportions of tri- and tetra-chlorinated congeners. This is likely to be a consequence of pollutant offloading between mothers and calves during lactation. Analysis of the individual congener toxicities found that juveniles were exposed to a more neurotoxic CB mixture at a time when they were most vulnerable to its effects. These findings are an important contribution towards our understanding of variation in congener profiles and the potential effects and threats of PCB exposure in cetaceans.</p
Correlation of retino-choroidal thickness and vascular metrics with drusen volume as a severity marker of age-related macular degeneration
No full textClick on the DOI link to access this article at the publishers website (may not be free).Purpose: To assess retinal vascular perfusion and choroidal vascularity biomarkers correlated with drusen volume and severity of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods: Patients underwent swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) (PlexElite-9000). Eyes with geographic atrophy or neovascular AMD were excluded. Retinal thickness, retinal perfusion including superficial (SCP) and deep capillary plexuses (DCP), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), drusen volume, choroidal thickness (ChT) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) were assessed through the Advanced Research and Innovation Network. Linear mixed model and Spearman test were used for statistical analysis. Results: We assessed 81 eyes from 57 subjects (34 early-stage, 47 intermediate-stage AMD). The mean age was 74.95 ± 8.79 years. The mean LogMar visual acuity (VA) was 0.16 ± 0.18 (early-stage: 0.12 ± 0.17, intermediate-stage: 0.19 ± 0.18, P = 0.122). Between early and intermediate AMD, no significant differences were seen in SCP and DCP vascular perfusion (P = 0.368, 0.859, respectively), FAZ (p = 0.836) and retinal thickness within the 6-mm area (P = 0.680). Drusen volume showed a significant difference (early-stage: 0.0706 ± 0.1272, intermediate-stage: 0.2102 ± 0.2211mm3, P < 0.01). Intermediate-stage AMD had significantly lower mean ChT (266.40 ± 115.55 vs. 204.97 ± 70.69 µm, P = 0.038) and CVI (0.605 ± 0.021 vs. 0.591 ± 0.015, P = 0.004) within the 5-mm area. Drusen volume was negatively correlated with ChT (r = −0.198, P = 0.017) and CVI (r = −0.209, P = 0.029). No significant correlation was found between drusen volume and VA (r = 0.051, P = 0.143), retinal thickness (−0.03, P = 0.393), FAZ (r = −0.023, P = 0.150), SCP (r = −0.011, P = 0.307), and DCP (r = −0.022, P = 0.190). Conclusion: Drusen volume, a key AMD severity marker, correlates more strongly with choroidal parameters like ChT and CVI than retinal thickness and perfusion. It may serve as a biomarker for dry AMD severity, with choroidal biomarkers showing earlier disease changes. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Royal College of Ophthalmologists 2025.Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburgh, EEF; Research to Prevent Blindness, RPB; National Institutes of Health, NIH, (P30 EY08098); National Institutes of Health, NIHNIH CORE Grant P30 EY08098 supported this work to the Department of Ophthalmology, the Eye and Ear Foundation of Pittsburgh, and from an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness, New York, NY
