Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies (AJMS)
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Development of Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera) Enriched Chewy Candy
Full text linkThe economic viability and sensory acceptability of chewy Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera) candies were examined in this study. Four main topics were addressed in the study: the best Malunggay ratio for desired sensory qualities; customer perceptions of the sensory attributes (taste, texture, color, scent, and appearance); the outcomes of microbiological analysis; and the return on investment (ROE). Using a nine-point Hedonic scale, thirty students from Pangasinan State University-two majoring in home economics for their Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education and food service management for their Bachelor of TechVoc Teacher Education-participated in a sensory evaluation. Respondents were used as random factors and Malunggay powder doses as fixed factors in a randomized full block design. SPSS and GLM-ANOVA were used for data analysis. The results showed that sensory qualities were typically improved by raising Malunggay levels, with Treatment 3 (the highest concentration of Malunggay) continuously receiving the highest overall acceptance scores. There were notable variations in appearance, texture, color, scent, and taste between treatments. A high aerobic plate count requires additional research into production hygiene and possible contamination sources, even though the confectionery passed the mold/yeast and coliform tests. Strong profitability potential was suggested by the financial analysis\u27s significant ROE of 47.19%. According to the study\u27s findings, chewy candy can successfully contain malunggay, and Treatment 3 provides the best balance between profitability and sensory appeal. It is advised to carry out shelf-life studies, address the high aerobic plate count by better sanitation procedures and process optimization, and ascertain the exact Malunggay ratio. The commercialization of this nutrient-dense and perhaps lucrative food has a solid basis thanks to this research. To determine consumer demand and improve the product for broader appeal, more market research and a test launch are advised
Awareness on Cooperatives Concepts Among Community Stakeholders in Lingayen, Pangasinan: Basis for the Creation of Cooperative Organization Training Extension Manual
Full text linkCooperatives have a significant impact on the economy, particularly in rural areas, by creating livelihood opportunities and promoting economic growth. However, many people lack awareness of cooperative concepts and their benefits, which can hinder cooperative development and community progress. The focus of the research was to assess the level of awareness on community stakeholders among community stakeholders in Pangasinan, Philippines. Descriptive survey design was used and a survey questionnaire was developed as the primary research instrument for this study to the study. Purposive sampling technique was employed to select 105 community stakeholders as respondents. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, average weighted mean, and Likert-scale. The study found that most community stakeholders in Pangasinan were female, middle-aged, married, high school graduates, employed, and had a low average monthly household income. A small percentage of the respondents are currently members of cooperatives and significant number of community stakeholders expressed their willingness to organize a cooperative. The level of awareness among stakeholders on cooperatives, such as historical development of cooperatives, principles and values, organizational structure and financial organization, procedures for setting up a cooperative, cooperative practices, rights, duties, and responsibilities of cooperative members, and cooperative laws is relatively low. These findings suggest the need for educational initiatives and awareness campaigns to enhance the respondents\u27 understanding of various aspects of cooperatives. The study recommends developing comprehensive training manual that contains in-depth knowledge about cooperatives, including their principles, benefits, and operational mechanisms. There is also a need to strengthen outreach and awareness campaigns to reach a wider audience and disseminate information effectively about cooperatives. Lastly, it is recommended to forge strategic alliances and partnerships with academic institutions, government agencies, and civil society organizations to jointly promote cooperative awareness. It is hoped that policymakers, the academia and communities would benefit from the study
Metacognitive Study Habits of Bachelor of Science in Social Work and Bachelor of Science in Nutrition and Dietetics Students: Implications for Licensure Preparation
Full text link This study examined the metacognitive study habits of Bachelor of Science in Social Work (BSSW) and Bachelor of Science in Nutrition and Dietetics (BSND) students and fresh graduates at Pangasinan State University–Lingayen Campus. Using a quantitative descriptive–correlational design, data were collected from 150 respondents through a structured questionnaire. The study assessed the extent of practice of metacognitive study habits, the influence of physical, socio-emotional, and cognitive factors, and the relationships between these habits, influencing factors, and demographic profiles. Results revealed that “preparing assignments and projects” was the most frequently practiced habit, while “managing work stress” was least practiced. Cognitive factors exerted the highest influence. Significant relationships were found between sex and “organizing and planning works,” GPA and “managing work stress,” and family income and “preparing assignments and projects.” Findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to strengthen stress management, reference management, and pre-class preparation. Implications for licensure examination readiness and policy are discussed
AI in Education: Impact on Learning Experiences and Outcomes at New Lambunao Integrated School
Full text linkThis research explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education, focusing on its impact on learning experiences and academic outcomes at New Lambunao Integrated School. A mixed-method approach was used, combining a comprehensive literature review and a quantitative survey involving 50 students and 10 teachers from Junior and Senior High School levels. One of the most commonly used AI tools identified in the study is ChatGPT, which students and teachers utilize for personalized tutoring, automated assessments, and real-time support. Findings reveal that 75% of students and 70% of teachers regularly use AI-based educational tools, with over 80% acknowledging its positive impact on engagement and learning personalization. However, challenges such as limited internet access, lack of teacher training, and insufficient devices continue to hinder full integration. The study concludes that while AI tools like ChatGPT offer significant educational advantages, infrastructural and training support are essential for maximizing their potential in public school settings
From Classroom To Digital Work: Career Transitions Of Licensed Teachers In Pangasinan I
Full text linkThis qualitative, desk-based study examines the career transitions of Licensed Professional Teachers (LPTs) in Pangasinan I from traditional classroom roles to digital and non-teaching positions within the growing digital economy. Drawing from over 50 credible secondary sources—including government labor reports, Scopus indexed studies, freelance platform analytics, and documented digital narratives—the research investigates the types of work pursued, motivations for transition, challenges encountered, and implications for professional identity and career development.Findings reveal that approximately 85% of LPTs have transitioned to online roles such as content writing (34%), online tutoring (26%), virtual assistance (15%), and digital marketing (10%), reflecting the strategic adaptation of teaching competencies to emerging labor markets. Key motivators include financial necessity (45%) and the pursuit of flexibility and work-life balance (30%), while major challenges involve income volatility (72%), digital skill gaps (58%), and professional identity concerns (38%).The study is limited by its exclusive reliance on secondary sources, which may not fully capture the nuanced, lived experiences of individual teachers and lacks the validation that primary qualitative or quantitative data could provide. Nonetheless, the findings underscore the urgent need for structured digital upskilling programs, formal recognition of online work in CPD and career progression, and adaptive education labor policies that integrate non-traditional career trajectories. This study reframes LPTs not as professionals exiting education, but as educators actively redefining their roles to meet the demands of a digitally interconnected world
Development of Calamansi (Citrofortunella Microcarpa) Gummy Candy
Full text linkThis study aimed to develop and evaluate Calamansi Gummy Candy, focusing on consumer acceptability, recipe formulation optimization, and microbial safety. The research addresses the growing interest in innovative confectionery products by utilizing the distinct flavor profile of calamansi. An experimental and quantitative research design was employed, collecting numerical data from a purposive sample of 53 respondents—comprising first- and second-year Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education (BTLED) students majoring in Home Economics at Pangasinan State University, Lingayen Campus—who were selected for their background and experience in food-related fields. Frequency counts and percentage distribution were used to analyze the respondents’ demographic profiles, while the weighted mean determined the level of acceptability across four product treatments. To assess significant differences in sensory acceptability, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Scheffé Post Hoc Test was utilized. A structured survey questionnaire served as the primary data-gathering tool, capturing the respondents\u27 demographic data (age, sex, and year level) and their evaluation of the Calamansi Gummy Candy’s sensory attributes—namely aroma, taste, texture, and overall acceptability—using a 5-point Hedonic Scale. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences in the respondents’ acceptability ratings among the four formulations, particularly in terms of texture, aroma, taste, and overall appeal. Notably, “Treatment 2” emerged as the most preferred formulation. In addition, microbial analysis confirmed that the Calamansi Gummy Candy met safety and quality standards, indicating its suitability for consumption. Based on these findings, the study recommends the inclusion of "appearance" as an additional criterion in future sensory evaluations. It also suggests involving a more diverse group of respondents from varying age groups and disciplines to obtain broader insights. Furthermore, researchers are encouraged to explore techniques to minimize the natural bitterness of calamansi and to conduct further studies on the product’s physicochemical properties and shelf life for potential commercial viability
Behind The Silence: Uncovering The Roots Of Japan’s English Proficiency Crisis
Full text linkThis study investigates the persistent low ranking of Japan in global English proficiency indices despite decades of educational reform. Using an integrative literature review, this paper identifies structural, pedagogical, and cultural factors influencing English instruction outcomes across Japanese public schools. The review synthesizes empirical data from classroom practices, policy reports, and international assessments. Key findings reveal that the traditional grammar-translation approach remains dominant, oral communication is deprioritized, and team teaching practices often suffer from unclear roles and limited collaboration. The study highlights how deeply embedded language ideologies and systemic constraints affect both teacher performance and student outcomes. Recommendations include teacher training reforms, increased communicative practice in curricula, and structural support for meaningful ALT–JTE collaboration
The Confidence Level of the Preservice Teachers: Basis for a Capability Enhancement Program
Full text linkThis study delves into an in-depth assessment of an educator\u27s English proficiency, focusing on confidence level and psychological capacity. The preservice teachers exhibit confidence by meticulously evaluating various teaching dimensions, including lesson planning, student engagement, and technology integration. The general weighted mean across these dimensions is 3.73, indicating a high confidence level. Additionally, the preservice teachers demonstrate a robust psychological capacity, encompassing emotional intelligence and cultural competence, significantly contributing to creating a supportive and inclusive learning environment. The general weighted mean for psychological capacity is 3.83, signifying agreement. The findings underscore a substantial positive correlation between confidence level and psychological capacity, highlighting the symbiotic relationship between these factors in effective teaching. Despite the preservice teachers’ strengths, areas for improvement emerge, particularly in supporting students\u27 emotional well-being and managing classroom behavior. These areas signal opportunities for targeted professional development interventions. Proposed capability enhancement seminars aim to refine instructional strategies, bolster emotional intelligence and cultural competence, and foster reflective practice and professional growth. By honing these skills, educators can better meet the diverse needs of their students and promote positive learning outcomes. This study emphasizes the importance of continuous professional development and self-reflection in enhancing teaching effectiveness. By addressing areas for improvement and leveraging strengths, educators can cultivate a dynamic and enriching learning environment conducive to student success in the English classroom. Recommendations for further action include implementing professional development workshops, mentorship programs, peer collaboration opportunities, cultural competence training, self-reflection practices, and utilization of support services. These initiatives can support educators in their journey toward continuous growth and excellence in teaching
Workplace Burnout Among Employees in Academic Institutions
Full text linkThis study investigates workplace burnout among employees of Pangasinan State University, emphasizing its prevalence, demographic correlations, and dimensions such as physical, emotional, psychological, social, spiritual, financial, and work environment factors. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of burnout dynamics and recommend targeted interventions to enhance employee well-being and institutional effectiveness. Utilizing a descriptive correlational research design. The study focuses on a diverse sample of teaching and non-teaching staff, employing the Workplace Burnout Questionnaire with specific measures on various dimensions, including Physical, Emotional, Psychological, Social, Spiritual, Financial, and Work Environment Scales. Data were collected through a Google Form, and Spearman\u27s rho, a non-parametric test, was used for analysis due to unequal sample distribution. Findings reveal a moderate positive correlation between age and the General Scale, suggesting that older employees experience higher levels of overall workplace burnout. However, no significant correlations were observed between age and specific scales, emphasizing the nuanced relationship between age and distinct burnout dimensions. A weak negative correlation emerged between age and the Psychological Scale, indicating that younger employees may face higher psychological burnout. In terms of demographic variables, civil status demonstrated positive associations with the General and Financial Scales, suggesting higher civil status correlates with increased overall burnout and decreased financial burnout. Educational attainment and employment status exhibited positive correlations with the Social Scale, indicating higher education and specific employment statuses are linked to increased social burnout. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions considering demographic variations. The study recommends implementing evidence-based programs, fostering work-life balance, and establishing psychological support services. Future research should delve into qualitative aspects, explore intricate relationships between demographics and burnout, and conduct longitudinal studies to assess the effectiveness of interventions over time. This research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of workplace burnout and informs strategies to enhance employee well-being within the university context
Emotional Intelligence and Supervision of Madrasah Heads on Teaching Competence and Its Implications for the Performance of Tangerang Regency Private Madrasah Aliyah Teachers
Full text linkThe research was conducted to investigate the influence of emotional intelligence and supervision of Madrasah heads on teaching competence and its implications for the performance of private Madrasah Aliyah teachers. The research location is in Tangerang district, Banten Province. Quantitative research methods with a descriptive approach were used for research purposes. The sample used was 215 respondents. The results reveal that the higher a person\u27s emotional intelligence affects the teaching competence and performance of Madrasah teachers. Likewise, the higher the supervision of the madrasa head, the higher the teaching competence and performance of madrasa teachers. Supervision of madrasah principals is the principal\u27s effort to develop teachers so that they can improve the quality of their teaching by going through the stages of planning, implementing actual teaching, and making rational modifications to improve student learning outcomes. Teaching competency is also able to support the performance of madrasa teachers in implementing learning activities so that the performance of Tangerang Regency madrasa teachers increases. However, the supervision of madrasah principals cannot mediate the relationship between emotional intelligence and madrasah teacher performance. This is because emotional intelligence is something that a teacher must have to improve his performance, with or without teaching competency. Meanwhile, teaching competency can mediate the relationship between the supervision of madrasa heads and the performance of madrasa teachers in the Tangerang Regency. This is because, through evaluation and supervision, the principal will encourage teachers to improve their teaching competence in designing and implementing learning evaluations with indications of sub-summative evaluation, summative evaluation, and formative evaluation