1,720,956 research outputs found
A dynamic simulation model of sustainable land resources: Policy strategies and scenario-envisioning for agriculture in Maryland's eastern shore.
No full textA major problem in strategic planning in both public and industry sectors is how to ensure long-run sustainability of economic activities by integrating environmental considerations into models of economic and development processes. Since the mid-1980s, a vast literature has evolved in several fields regarding the concept of sustainable development. A majority of these, however, remain qualitative and divided along disciplinary lines. What is often missing is how the global policy concept can be made operational at the regional-to-local level. As in Maryland's Eastern Shore region, potential conflicts often exist between the objectives for economic growth and conservation of agricultural land and marine resources that provide high value-added products and services for the economy. This research presents a non-linear system dynamics modeling scheme that explores how agricultural land resources are transformed over time within an integrated system. The modular structure of the system is defined in terms of the relevant social, economic, technological, and environmental components. The interrelationships are specified in terms of their temporal and spatial behavior and feedback within and from outside the region. Sustainable development strategies are embedded by changes in the feedback conditions (stocks and flows) across all system modules. These changes involve the modules for grain commodity production cycle, land resource-use and productive capacities, and land and marine pollution. Strategies and scenario simulations include conditions for investments, technological advancement, resource recovery, and concern for future generations. The simulation results from 1970 to 2020 show patterns of behavior that are characteristics of complex systems undergoing co-evolution and self-organization, largely attributable to the open character of the region and the external determinants of growth. For the Shore Region, sustainability requires a comprehensive set of policies for growth management, environmental controls, technological advancement, and social discount rate for monetary investment over time periods of multi-generational length. These necessitate a trade-off between short-term and long-term economic gains and land resource conservation. The contribution of this approach is that the strategic planning problem is set in an interdisciplinary and complex dynamic framework, so that it is viewed as part of an evolutionary continuum. This provides a better understanding of the behavior underlying long-term co-evolution of socio-economic, natural, and development processes, and offers a better guide for policy actions aimed at sustainable development of regional resources. Future extensions of the model include spatial analysis and multi-objective decision-making at the farm-enterprise level.PhDApplied SciencesOperations researchSocial SciencesUrban planningUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/131011/2/3042213.pd
A case study of African American health: The role of urban and health planning in Detroit, Michigan (1940--1970).
No full textThis historical case study was conducted to examine the past role of urban planning in health planning. The goal was to document relationships between urban and health planning organizations and their role in health care planning in Detroit. Evidence for this historical case study was gathered from documents, media sources, and interviews. These sources were clustered by decade, organizational source, relationships, and relevant study issues. All sources were reviewed and analyzed using the Data Analysis Interactive Model. The data revealed that the health status of African Americans during the study period was consistently worse than that of Whites and that a multitude of factors contributed to this disparity. Pertinent health care legislation and related urban planning programs were also scrutinized. A review of comprehensive health planning programs revealed that participation of urban planners was segmental and sporadic. Most frequently, their expertise was sought only in the areas of land use and design, transportation, and facility placement. The early period of urban renewal focused on redeveloping blighted areas for economic development in the city. Unfortunately, urban renewal policies had some negative, unanticipated consequences for the African American community. The program displaced many African American residents and led to the demise of many African American institutions and businesses. It is important to consider that the focus of urban planning was reflective of the Zeitgeist at that time, very little emphasis on social planning. Subsequent federally sponsored initiatives such as the Model Cities Program did include a focus on health, but had limited impact due to lack of funding. The study concludes with several recommendations to improve the relationship between urban and health planning, including suggestions for future research.PhDAmerican historyBlack historyHealth and Environmental SciencesPublic healthSocial SciencesUrban planningUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/132208/2/9959827.pd
The Noble Profession of Leaf Chasing
No full textFiction / Historical; Science, crime, religious
Trade Paperback
Publication Date: Jan-2010
Price: $15.95
Size: 6 x 9
Author: Mitchell J. Rycus
ISBN: 978-1-4401-9695-9
236 PagesIn the late nineteenth-century Austro-Hungarian Empire, two Jewish astronomy professors work tirelessly to unearth new academic research for their chosen field. But their participation in adultery, deception, and murder will follow them throughout time, weaving a complicated web into future generations, and setting the stage for the age-old question, “Are the sins of the fathers visited upon the sons?”
Years later, the professors’ families having immigrated to Cleveland, Ohio, the old axiom comes to a strange and chilling climax. The grandsons of the astronomers supposedly influenced by ancient Jewish mysticism are murdered—one allegedly at the hands of the other.
Detective Sergeant Marty Kowalski investigates the murders, with the assistance of an astronomy professor and two of her students from the University of Michigan. Spending considerable time and meticulous effort, Kowalski slowly unravels the complicated past behind the two victims and unearths a shattering truth that will leave both families reeling.
A fascinating blend of philosophy, history, and religion, The Noble Profession of Leaf Chasing delivers a compelling read.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/83251/1/NobleProfessionLeafChasin_Final_MS.do
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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