1,720,955 research outputs found
Histopathological diagnostic criteria of barrett esophagus and its association with endoscopy findings
Get PDFBackground : In the last decades, the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has significantly increased. Barrett Esophagus (BE) is widely known as a precursor lession of esophageal adenocarcinoma, and it could increase the risk of adenocarcinoma to 30-120 times higher than non-BE patient. The controversy about BE definition is still a problem amongst pathologist. BE is defined as the transition of normal esophageal squamous epithellium into metaplastic columnar epithellium that can be seen through endoscopy at the upper region of gastroesophagus transitional area, and confirmed with hystological examination. Objective : To re-evaluate hystopathological presentation of BE and the classification of dysplasia as well as its association with clinical finding in the form of endoscopy results. Methods : Clinical and hystopathological datas of 71 cases of BE was collected and re-evaluated based on British Society of Gastroenterology Guidelines 2005 criteria, as well as re-evaluating the grade of dysplasia based on WHO Classification of tumours of the digestive system 2010. Results : 51 cases of BE were obtained with male:female ratio 33:18 patients. BE cases were predominated by 51-60 years old age group, in which the mean of patients age was 55 years old. The results of dysplasia grade re-evaluation showed 72,55% non-dysplasia BE case, 3,9% was BE indefinite; 23,53% was BE with low grade dysplasia; and 1,97% was BE with hard grade dysplasia. There were 15 cases (21,12%) that were changed in diagnosis, from BE to non-BE cases. Conclusion : The diagnosis of BE could be made if there are compatibility between endoscopy examination and hystopathological examination, in which BE presentations was found, either in category 1, 2 or 3based on British Society of Gastroenterology Guidelines 2005 and endoscopy indicated supicion of BE. Changes in diagnosis of BE cases into non-BE cases could happen not because there are incompatibilities of the results of these examinations. This might happen due to nescience regarding the importance of the results of endoscopy examination and its compatibility with the results of hystopathological examination
Physical exercise as cytokine modulator in inflammatory immune response: a systematic review
Get PDFPhysical exercise contributes to maintain our health, through its role in inflammatory immune response. Cytokines are proteins that mediate communication between immune cells, either as pro- or anti-inflammation agents. Nonetheless, the dominance of pro- over anti-inflammatory cytokines during a workout, is harmful to health. This systematic review aimed at determining the effect of physical activity in modulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines during immune response. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guideline, literature searching was conducted in 3 databases which were PUBMED/MEDLINE, DOAJ and GARUDA, using keywords, citation tracking and snowballing. Inclusion and exclusion criterias were used to screen, while the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of the articles. Data extraction and analysis were conducted descriptively. There were 376 articles identified, of which 329 were sorted and 82 were retrieved. Thirty articles underwent quality assessment, resulting to 12 inclusion studies. In conclusion, physical exercise influences the modulation of cytokine, whereby IL-6 and TNF-α (pro-) which increase at the beginning of exercise, are balanced by the increase of IL-10 (anti-inflammatory), which appears later in exercise or during recovery. For this purpose, physical exercise is recommended as a combination of aerobic and resistance exercise performed regularly at moderate intensity
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The Role of Platelets in Diabetic Kidney Disease
No full textDiabetic kidney disease (DKD) is among the most common microvascular complications in patients with diabetes, and it currently accounts for the majority of end-stage kidney disease cases worldwide. The pathogenesis of DKD is complex and multifactorial, including systemic and intra-renal inflammatory and coagulation processes. Activated platelets play a pivotal role in inflammation, coagulation, and fibrosis. Mounting evidence shows that platelets play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of DKD. The potentially beneficial effects of antiplatelet agents in preventing progression of DKD has been studied in animal models and clinical trials. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the role of platelets in DKD, including the potential therapeutic effects of antiplatelet therapies
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