1,720,953 research outputs found
Understanding authoritarian liberal regimes: governing rationales, industrialization patterns and resistance
No full textThis project aims to answer two primary research questions. First, why some authoritarian regimes that export commodities decide to conduct advanced liberal industrialization (ALI) in order to create intensive-growth firms that produce internationally competitive finished goods at home? Second, what explains the success of such industrialization patterns? An original analytical framework is developed. It shows that export of commodities facilitates creation of patrimonial capitalism that is based on commodity and bureaucratic rents. Commodity rents are vulnerable to the Dutch Disease, internal economies of scale and international price and demand fluctuations. Lopsided economic structure is unsustainable, because it losses manufacturing industries and creates budget gaps. Intensive-growth firms are more reliable, because they produce high value-added internationally competitive goods and diversify the export structure offsetting negative trends of commodity production. But these industries require rule of law and competition to survive. Patrimonial capitalism cannot create both requirements. The contradiction between the long-term necessity for ALI and short-term incentives for patrimonial capitalism create a split between the ruler and bureaucracy, because the rulers are interested in ALI to keep the power and stability of the existing regime, whereas bureaucrats are interested in keeping control over rents. The rulers design implementation paths for ALI, called governing rationales, to discipline bureaucracy into sharing the vision. However, bureaucrats resist and subvert the proposed reforms by developing a) personality cults that transfer responsibility for ALI upon the ruler and shift responsibilities for the specific reforms away from their offices; b) depoliticize significance of economic and political problems in order to keep the impression of progress and compliance with higher regulations; c) subversive patrimonial activities that help affiliated companies to win the best bids, subsidies and contracts. The hypothesis is that ALI is impossible with bureaucratic resistance, because rulers’ oversight mechanisms cannot cope with the subversive practices. To prove it, a new analytical framework is applied on two countries that rely on mineral rent (Kazakhstan) and cotton rent (Uzbekistan).Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Assel Rustemov
Political economy of Central Asia: Initial reflections on the need for a new approach
No full textAbstractThis article aims to give an overview of the analytical approaches to political economy of Central Asia. It argues that twenty years after transition paradigm we still find lingering separation between politics and economics that compartmentalizes studies of economic development, nation- and state-building into separate projects.11I am grateful to Peter Rutland, Philip Cerny and Frank Fischer for thought-provoking conversations that inspired me to write this article. The analytical separation between economics and politics creates two crucial problems for scholars of development in Central Asia: the suspense of theorization of economy and lack of attention to the new practices of governing.Two theories tried to solve the issue of separation. First is the theory of the “resource curse”, which argues for the inability of a raw material supplier to develop a healthy democratic system (Pomfret, 2006; Auty, 2006a, 2006b, 2006c). The second view, “varieties of capitalism” traces institutional and historical peculiarities as preconditions for a stable market-oriented democratic system (Lane, 2006; Luong, 2000). However, the first view is rather deterministic in relying on a single variable to prove the case; whereas, the second view is highly arbitrary by picking specific historical and cultural contexts that suit the case.I argue that post-structuralist approaches and specifically, the framework of “governmentality” – a term coined by Michel Foucault, allows for more fruitful heuristic exercise. Governmentality as an analytical approach looks at the way the state positions itself in its society and determines the type of governing rationale it adopts. Particularly, it incorporates both discursive and structural-technological conditions of each state into analysis by augmenting the data before constructing the theory to argue what rationale drives government activities in the state. Governmentality speaks to both “resource curse” and the “varieties of capitalism” by enriching and complicating them while allowing identification of how rationales of governing evolve and change over time
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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